1. 17.3 T EDDY R OOSEVELT ’ S S QUARE D EAL OBJECTIVE: Understand the reforms of Roosevelt’s Administration

2. T HEODORE R OOSEVELT Governor of NY. Reformer. Hero of Spanish American War. Nominated to be Vice-President by Republican party bosses. WHY?? 1901 Pres. McKinley assassinated, TR becomes President. Creates the “modern presidency” b/c of his popularity with the public and use of media/press. Uses White House as a “bully pulpit” What did he do to turn it into a “bully pulpit”?

3. H OW DID R OOSEVELT REDEFINE F EDERAL P OWER ? 1. “Square Deal” Roosevelt’s package of reforms Expands the use of federal power to reform US Why was it called the Square Deal? 2. Arbitrates the 1902 Coal Strike What was happening in the coal mines? Threatened to assume control of mines HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Govt. did not automatically back big business

4. 3. Trust Busting Mixed record of success Mixed message - considers some trusts good and other bad. Focused on filing suits under Sherman Antitrust Act of 1902 Filed 44 antitrust lawsuits 4. Railroad regulation Elkins Act of 1903 - illegal for railroads to give or receive rebates Hepburn Act of 1906 - strictly limited the distribution of free railroad passes These gave the Interstate Commerce Commission more power to curb the railroads power through federal regulation.

5. R OOSEVELT AND REFORM PROTECTING HEALTH 1906: Meat Inspection Act : Dictated strict cleanliness for meat factories (reaction to Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle ) What did The Jungle say? 1906: Pure Food and Drug Act

6. PROTECTING HEALTH 1906: Meat Inspection Act : Dictated strict cleanliness for meat factories (reaction to Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle ) What did The Jungle say? 1906: Pure Food and Drug Act Halted the sale of contaminated food and medicines and called for truth in labeling

7. R OOSEVELT AND REFORM CONSERVATION  Created US Forest Service  Creates over 50 national parks & wilderness areas CIVIL RIGHTS Ambiguous record dealing with Civil Rights Hosted Booker T. Washington at White House, Yet, did not embrace reforms of NAACP What was the goal of the NAACP?

8. TERMS Theodore Roosevelt Square Deal The Jungle Upton Sinclair Meat Inspection Act Pure Food and Drug Act Conservation NAACP OBJECTIVE: Understand the reforms of Roosevelt’s Administration