1. The Progressives’ Strategies for Social and Government Reform Insider/Outsider: Insider/Outsider:

2. Who were the Progressives? Age : Most born between 1860 and 1880 Class: Middle-class origins Hard work Self-Discipline Individual Ethic Education Race: Mostly White

3. Why dissatisfied? Series of economic panics 1870-1890 Labor unrest Flood of immigrants Industrialization Homestead strike, 1892

4. What’s the solution? “Association” “Municipal Housekeeping” “Social Solidarity” Strengthen the State

6. Jane Addams c. 1885c. 1900

7. Founding of Hull House Established 1889, Chicago

8. Hull House Growth

9. Expanding Reforms Neighborhood: Play spaces, garbage collection City: Child labor, strike mediation State: Factory inspection, juvenile court system Nation: Children’s Bureau, Workplace safety

10. Julia Lathrop 1893: Charities investigator Pioneer in “applied sociology” Chicago School Immigrants’ Protective League 1912: First head of federal Children’s Bureau Other issues: suffrage

11. Florence Kelley 1893: IL chief factory inspector 1899: Nat’l Consumers’ League; Henry Street Settlement 1912: Child labor/Children’s Bureau Other issues: suffrage, NAACP

12. Networks Emerge Organizations: Chicago School/U Chicago NY School of Philanthropy Other settlement houses in Chic/NYC Immigrants’ Protective League WTUL (1903) Children’s Bureau (1912) NAWSA /NWP Hull House Issues: Immigrant abuse Women’s work hours Child labor/welfare Public health Woman suffrage Peace Racial Equality

13. Muckrakers Ida Tarbell Jacob Riis Upton Sinclair

14. Insiders: Theodore Roosevelt & Woodrow Wilson

15. Presidential Power Reclaiming political power Trustbusting Consumer protection Conservation

16. Northern Securities Co. Railroad trust=public outrage Federal antitrust lawsuit Trust dissolved, 1904 "Mr. Morgan could not help regarding me as a big rival operator who either intended to ruin all his interests or could be induced to come to an agreement to ruin none.“ TRoosevelt

17. Coal Strike of 1902 100,000 PA union miners Owner refuses to negotiate TR suspends strike First federal intervention in labor strike as arbitrator

18. Food Safety 1905, Sausage stuffing The Jungle, novel, 1906 Meat Inspection Act Pure Food & Drug Act

19. Woodrow Wilson 1918 Mixed record as Progressive “Triple wall of Privilege”: Tariff, Banks, Trusts Federal Reserve Act(1913) Federal Trade Commission (1914)

20. Significance Insider & Outsider efforts at every level of society Belief in Authority of State Broad agenda aimed at transformation of lower and upper classes

21. Questions? Rockefeller, 1900: “What a funny little government!”