1. David Martin -s00092057

2. Julia is a 15 year old girl of Aboriginal heritage, she is the youngest in a family of 4, 2 brothers and 1 sister. She is generally quiet with a keen nature to learn, she lives with her aunt and uncle in Sydney because her parents wanted her to take full advantage of opportunities they or her siblings never had. Julia enjoys playing cricket which she plays on the weekend, she is attentive at school and mixes with a very small group of friends, often overcome with shyness in groups.

3. Macrosystem Exosystem Mesosystem Microsystem Chronosystem The Bronfenbrenner ecological model

4. Are the factors closest to the individual with which they have direct bi-directional interactions / relationships. Can be categorised into two main categories: Internal – the individuals biology, cognitive systems etc. External – Family, friends, School etc. (Martin, J. 2009)

5. Keen learner Good Physical Health Living with Aunt & Uncle Immediate family living interstate Youngest of 4 Children Weekend Cricket Competition Government funded inner-city school Small-mixed group of friends Low socio-economic standing

6. The Mesosystem illustrates the connections between factors within the Microsystem such as a link between School and Friends. (Bowes, J.M. 2009)

7. Keen learner Good Physical Health Living with Aunt & Uncle Immediate family living interstate Youngest of 4 Children Weekend Cricket Competition Government funded inner-city school Small-mixed group of friends Low socio-economic standing

8. The larger system which has a direct impact on the individual through the Microsystem but the individual is not necessarily directly involved. It may include things such as Neighbours, Parent’s workplace or the media. (Martin, J. 2009)

9. Living with Aunt and Uncle Geographically Isolated from immediate family Care is overlooked by DOCS Media pressure to be more “girly”, stop playing boys sports Lower-middle class suburb Siblings never completed high school

10. This layer is made up of the laws, values and conceptions of society which have a snow-ball effect on the individual. For example Indigenous Australian benefit schemes. (Bowes, J.M. 2009)

11. DOCS policies Indigenous Australian Benefit Schemes National Reconciliation Indigenous Education (Targeted Assistance) Act 2000 Aboriginal Child Placement Principles

12. Relates to time and it’s effect on changing contexts of development. Examples include Puberty, Educational reforms and Australia’s recent Indigenous Australian reconciliation steps.

13. Developing teenager Australian Government schemes to increase Indigenous peoples education standards Reconciliation Policies Y-Generation

14. Overview

15. Remove Arrows

16.  The rate of Indigenous Australian adolescents in out-of-home care is 7 times higher than non-indigenous adolescents, 29.8% compared to 4.1% (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2008)  44% of Indigenous adolescents reported at least 1 long term health condition, the most common being asthma.(Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2006)  58% of Indigenous people reported to be involved in community sport or recreation activities, compared to almost 70% for non-indigenous. (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2004)  Julia is one of just 18% of indigenous female adolescents involved in sport, compared to 63% for non-indigenous. Just 0.3% play cricket. (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2006)

17.  In 2007 only 42.9% of Australia’s Indigenous people reported to having completed High School compared to 75.6% for non-indigenous peoples.(Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2008)  Only 5% of Indigenous people hold a Bachelor level qualification or above. (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2008)

18.  Bowes, J.M. (2009) Impacts on Children, Families and Communities. [Electronic Version] Contexts and Consequences (3 rd edn), page 8.  Martin, J. (2009). Microsystem. Week 2 Lecture Notes For EDFD127. ACU Mount St Mary Campus, Sydney: Joyce Martin.  Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2004) 4714.0 - National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Social Survey. Retrieved March 12, 2009, from ABS website: http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Lookup/4714.0Main+Features12002?OpenDocument http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Lookup/4714.0Main+Features12002?OpenDocument  Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2006) 4901.0 - Children's Participation in Cultural and Leisure Activities, Australia. Retrieved March 12,2009, from ABS website: http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Lookup/4901.0Main+Features1Apr%202006?OpenDoc ument http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Lookup/4901.0Main+Features1Apr%202006?OpenDoc ument  Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2006). 4715.0 - National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey. Retrieved March 12, 2009, from ABS website: http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/ProductsbyCatalogue/C36E019CD56EDE1FCA256C760 07A9D36?OpenDocument http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/ProductsbyCatalogue/C36E019CD56EDE1FCA256C760 07A9D36?OpenDocument  Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2008). 4704.0 - The Health and Welfare of Australia's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples. Retrieved March 12,2009, from ABS website: http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/39433889d406eeb9ca2570610019e9a5/7B2DC2F8B6 FC9F7BCA25743900149585?opendocument http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/39433889d406eeb9ca2570610019e9a5/7B2DC2F8B6 FC9F7BCA25743900149585?opendocument