1. Persuasion Rhetoric is the study of effective speaking and writing and the art of persuasion.

2. P.A.T.T.R. Rhetorical Analysis

3. What is PATTR? PATTR is a strategy used to analyze and identify persuasion within writing. Students should memorize this acronym to help with understanding rhetorical devices used within any writing.

4. PATTR stands for P-Purpose A-Audience T-Theme T-Tone R-Rhetorical Devices

5. P-Purpose Aristotelian Appeals: Persuasion, according to Aristotle and the many authorities that would echo him, is brought about through three kinds of proof (pistis) or persuasive appeal: Pathos- Emotional appeal Logos- Logical appeal Ethos- Ethical appeal Question: What appeals did the author use persuade the audience?

6. P-Purpose Logos Appeals to the head using logic, numbers, explanations, and facts. Through Logos, a writer aims at a person's intellect. The idea is that if you are logical, you will understand. Example- Wilkins is unqualified, because she does not meet the age requirement.

7. P-Purpose Ethos Appeals to the conscience, ethics, morals, standards, values, principles. Example- Wilkins is best, because she is the most honest and caring.

8. P-Purpose Pathos Appeals to the heart, emotions, sympathy, passions, sentimentality. Example- Wilkins is best, because she has overcome hardship.

9. A-Audience Question- Who is the speaker addressing?

10. T-Theme Question 1- What is the message the speaker is presenting to the audience? Question 2- What does the speaker have to say about the message?

11. T-Tone Question- What are the details that contribute to the tone of the writing? (diction, word choice, syntax, etc.)

12. R-Rhetorical devices Question- What are the rhetorical devices that were used? (rhetorical questions, call to action, etc.)

13. R-Rhetorical devices Juxtaposition is a poetic and rhetorical device in which normally unassociated ideas, words, or phrases are placed next to one another, creating an effect of surprise and wit: The apparition of these faces in the crowd:/Petals on a wet, black bought (“In a Station of the Metro” by Ezra Pound).

14. R-Rhetorical devices Parallel structure (parallelism) refers to a grammatical or structural similarity between sentences or parts of a sentence. It involves an arrangement of words, phrases, sentences, and paragraphs so that elements of equal importance are equally developed and similarly phrased: He was walking, running, and jumping for joy.

15. R-Rhetorical devices Repetition is a device in which words, sounds, and ideas are used more than once for the purpose of enhancing rhythm and creating emphasis:... government of the people, by the people for the people...

16. R-Rhetorical devices Anecdotes, Stories, Metaphors These cast an issue in a favorable or unfavorable light, or can highlight or suppress certain aspects. They work by suggesting a likeness between a character and the listener, or a situation and the listener's. What is emphasized or suppressed is key.

17. R-Rhetorical devices A rhetorical question is a question which expects no answer. It is used to draw attention to a point and is generally stronger than a direct statement: If Mr. Ferchoff is always fair, as you have said, why did he refuse to listen to Mrs. Baldwin’s arguments?

18. PreAP ASSIGNMENT DUE DATE: March 23 rd Read the following speeches: 1.http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/jessicalynchopenin gstatement.htmhttp://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/jessicalynchopenin gstatement.htm 2.http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/nelsonmandelainau guralspeech.htmhttp://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/nelsonmandelainau guralspeech.htm 3.http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/philknightjoepatern omemorial.htmhttp://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/philknightjoepatern omemorial.htm -Choose one to analyze. Use your PATTR analysis sheet. -Be able to discuss each of the speeches. TOPIC: Qualities of a Hero