1. © 2015, 2013, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Essentials of Sociology: A Down-to-Earth Approach, 11e James M. Henslin

2. © 2015, 2013, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Essentials of Sociology: A Down-to-Earth Approach, 11e James M. Henslin Chapter 12 Marriage and Family

3. © 2015, 2013, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Learning Objectives 12.1Define marriage and family and summarize their common cultural themes 12.2Contrast the functionalist, conflict, and symbolic interactionist perspectives on marriage and family 12.3Summarize research on love and courtship, marriage, childbirth, child rearing, and family transitions

4. © 2015, 2013, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Learning Objectives Continued 12.4Summarize research on families: African American, Latino, Asian American, Native American, one- parent, couples without children, blended, and gay and lesbian 12.5Discuss changes in the timetable of family life, cohabitation, and elder care

5. © 2015, 2013, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Learning Objectives Continued 12.6Summarize problems in measuring divorce, research findings on children and grandchildren of divorce, fathers’ contact after divorce, ex-spouses, and remarriage 12.7Summarize the dark and bright sides of family life 12.8Explain the likely future of marriage and family

6. © 2015, 2013, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. LO 12.1 Marriage and Family in Global Perspective What Is a Family? What Is Marriage? Common Cultural Themes

7. © 2015, 2013, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Often one of the strongest family bonds is that of mother– daughter. The young artist, an eleventh grader, wrote: “This painting expresses the way I feel about my future with my child. I want my child to be happy and I want her to love me the same way I love her. In that way we will have a good relationship so that nobody will be able to take us apart. I wanted this picture to be alive; that is why I used a lot of bright colors.”

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10. LO 12.2 Marriage and Family in Theoretical Perspective The Functional Perspective: Functions and Dysfunctions The Conflict Perspective: Struggles Between Husbands and Wives The Symbolic Interactionist Perspective: Gender, Housework, and Child Care

11. © 2015, 2013, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

12. In Hindu marriages, the roles of husband and wife are firmly established. Neither this woman, whom I photographed in Chittoor, India, nor her husband question whether she should carry the family wash to the village pump. Women here have done this task for millennia. As India industrializes, as happened in the West, who does the wash will be questioned—and may eventually become a source of strain in marriage.

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14. LO 12.3 The Family Life Cycle Love and Courtship in Global Perspective Marriage Childbirth Child Rearing Family Transitions

15. © 2015, 2013, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. This billboard in India caught my attention. As the text indicates, even though India is industrializing, most of its people still follow traditional customs. This billboard is a sign of changing times

16. © 2015, 2013, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Taye Diggs and Idina Menzel are an example of the most common pattern of marriages between African Americans and whites.

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19. Among the health benefits of marriage is a longer life.

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23. LO 12.4 Diversity in U.S. Families African American Families Latino Families Asian American Families Native American Families One-Parent Families Couples Without Children Blended Families Gay and Lesbian Families

24. © 2015, 2013, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. There is no such thing as the African American family, any more than there is the Native American, Asian American, Latino, or Irish American family. Rather, each racial–ethnic group has different types of families, with the primary determinant being social class.

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26. As with other groups, there is no such thing as the Latino family. Some Latino families speak little or no English, while others have assimilated into U.S. culture to such an extent that they no longer speak Spanish.

27. © 2015, 2013, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. To search for the Native American family would be fruitless. There are rural, urban, single-parent, extended, nuclear, rich, poor, traditional, and assimilated Native American families, to name just a few. This photo was taken on the Big Cypress Reservation near Hollywood, Florida.

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30. Family structure is a vital aspect in the socialization of children.

31. © 2015, 2013, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. After years of struggle, including numerous court cases and lobbying of legislatures, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that federal benefits apply equally to gay couples.

32. © 2015, 2013, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. LO 12.5 Trends in U.S. Families The Changing Timetable of Family Life: Marriage and Childbirth Cohabitation The “Sandwich Generation” and Elder Care

33. © 2015, 2013, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

36. LO 12.6 Divorce and Remarriage Ways of Measuring Divorce Divorce and Intermarriage Children of Divorce Grandchildren of Divorce Fathers’ Contact with Children after Divorce The Ex-Spouses Remarriage

37. © 2015, 2013, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. This fanciful depiction of marital trends may not be too far off the mark.

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40. Divorces are often messy. To settle the question of who gets the house, a couple in Cambodia sawed their house in half.

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42. It is difficult to capture the anguish of the children of divorce, but when I read these lines by the fourth-grader who drew these two pictures, my heart was touched: Me alone in the park... All alone in the park. My Dad and Mom are divorced That’s why I’m all alone. This is me in the picture with my son. We are taking a walk in the park. I will never be like my father. I will never divorce my wife and kid.

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44. LO 12.7 Two Sides of Family Life The Dark Side of Family Life: Battering, Child Abuse, Marital Rape, and Incest The Bright Side of Family Life: Successful Marriages Symbolic Interactionism and the Misuse of Statistics

45. © 2015, 2013, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Wives and husbands are equally as likely to initiate violence, but unlike this photo, wives are more likely to be injured.

46. © 2015, 2013, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. This couple, a brother and sister in Germany and the proud parents of this child, are challenging their country’s laws against incest.

47. © 2015, 2013, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. LO 12.8 The Future of Marriage and Family Sociological research allows us to see how our own family experiences fit into the patterns of our culture

48. © 2015, 2013, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Throughout history, technology has had an impact on families. Today is no exception.