1. Scientific Study on External Ionising Radiation Exposure during Vehicle Radiographic Inspections “X-ray Study” Scientific Study on External Ionising Radiation Exposure during Vehicle Radiographic Inspections “X-ray Study” UNECE – WP.30 Geneva, 12 June 2012 (c) International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012 Jens Hügel Head – Sustainable Development

2. This is the IRU (c) International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012 Page 2

3. (c) International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012 Evolution of IRU Membership 1948: eight founder countries 2012: 170 Members in 73 countries 2012: 22 CRIPA Members 2012: 170 Members in 73 countries Page 3

4. Security demands lead to increase in vehicle scanning (c) International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012 Page 4 Is there a health and safety risk for drivers?

5. Scientific Study (c) International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012 Study by the Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health Zagreb, Croatia – Recommended by the ILO Page 5

6. There are 2 types of scanners used at borders (c) International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012 Page 6 Silhouette Scanner  Driver sits inside the vehicle  Driver drives the vehicle through the scanner

7. There are 2 types of scanners used at borders (c) International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012 Page 7 LINAC Scanner  Driver is not in the vehicle  LINAC scanner moves along the stationary vehicle

8. Study Methodology (c) International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012 Page 8  Background radiation was measured and equipment calibrated  Phantom driver control measurements  Drivers carried personal dosimeters  Dosimeters were placed in the cabin

9. Study Methodology (c) International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012 Page 9  On site scanning and safety procedures were observed and compared with accepted international standards  Customs officers, x-ray scanning operators, inspection staff and drivers were interviewed at every border crossing visited

10. Study Results (c) International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012 Page 10  Customs keep history track of every truck- company - driver scanned (blacklist?)

11. Study Results (c) International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012 Page 11  Scanning stationary vehicles takes considerable time  Clear information on the scanning process is missing  Border authorities were sometimes not acquainted with radiation protection standards

12. Study Results (c) International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012 Page 12  There is an occupational health and safety risks for drivers if safety procedures are not followed  No residual radiation occurs in the vehicle

13. Study Results (c) International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012 Page 13  Internationally recognised radiation protection standards are not always followed

14. 4 Main Recommendations (c) International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012 Page 14 1.Install appropriate information panels everywhere x-ray scanning is performed 2.Develop x-ray scanning certificates to avoid repetitive scanning and to accelerate the x-ray scanning process 3.Implement internationally recognised x-ray scanning procedures 4.Improve education of drivers, Customs officers and x-ray scanning operators on the functioning and risks of x-ray scanning

15. Save the date! (c) International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012 Page 15

16. www.iru.org Page 16 (c) International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012