1. Lewis Diagrams For Ionic and Covalent Compounds

2. First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.

4. Sr

5. First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.

6. Sr F F

7. First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride. Sr F F

8. First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride. Sr F F

9. First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride. Sr F F

10. First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride. Sr F F Strontium fluoride will be an ionic compound

11. First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride. Sr F F Electrons will be transferred from the metal to the non-metal atoms.

12. First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride. Sr F F

13. First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride. Sr F F

14. First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride. Sr F F

15. First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride. Sr F F

16. First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride. Sr F F

17. First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride. Sr F F

18. First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride. Sr F F

19. First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride. Sr F F

20. First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride. Sr F F

21. First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride. Sr F F

22. First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride. Sr F F

23. First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride. Sr F F

24. First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride. Sr F F 2+

25. First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride. Sr F F 2+

26. First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride. Sr F F 2+

27. First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride. Sr F F 2+ –

28. First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride. Sr F F Fluoride ion 2+ –

29. First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride. Sr F F 2+ – Fluoride ion

30. First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride. Sr F F 2+ –– Fluoride ion

31. First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride. Sr F F 2+ –– Lewis Diagram for Strontium Fluoride

32. First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride. Sr F F 2+ –– Has a Stable Octet

33. First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride. Sr F F 2+ –– Has no valence electrons left

34. First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride. Sr F F 2+ –– Formula for strontium fluoride is

35. First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride. Sr F F 2+ –– SrF 2 Formula for strontium fluoride is SrF 2

36. Now we’ll do another example. This time we’ll draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.

37. Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.

38. S K K

40. S K K

41. S K K I need to gain 1 e – here.

42. Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide. S K K I need to gain 1 e – here. I can lose this one valence e –.

43. Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide. S K K

44. S K K

45. S K K The compound formed will be ionic. Electrons will be transferred, NOT shared.

46. Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide. S K K The compound formed will be ionic. Electrons will be transferred, NOT shared.

47. Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide. S K K The compound formed will be ionic. Electrons will be transferred, NOT shared.

48. Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide. S K K

49. S K K

50. S K K

51. S K K

52. S K K

53. S K K

54. S K K

55. S K K

56. S K K

57. S K K

58. S K K

59. S K K

60. S K K

61. S K K A potassium cation ++

62. Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide. S K K ++

63. S K K A sulphide anion ++ 2–

64. Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide. S K K The Lewis Diagram for Potassium Sulphide ++ 2–

65. Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide. S K K ++ 2– There are 2 potassium ions for every sulphide ion, so the formula for potassium sulphide is K 2 S.

66. Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide. S K K ++ 2– There are 2 potassium ions for every sulphide ion, so the formula for potassium sulphide is K 2 S.

67. Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide. S K K ++ 2– K 2 S There are 2 potassium ions for every sulphide ion, so the formula for potassium sulphide is K 2 S.

68. Lewis diagrams can also be used to show the formation of covalent compounds.

69. Lewis diagrams can also be used to show the formation of covalent compounds. In this example, we’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed.

70. HHe LiBeBCNOFNe NaMgAlSiPSClAr Hydrogen can either lose, or share its valence e –.

71. We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed. When hydrogen forms a compound with selenium, the compound, in the gaseous form, is found to be covalent.

72. We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed. When hydrogen forms a compound with selenium, the compound, in the gaseous form, is found to be covalent. So in this case hydrogen shares its valence electron rather than losing it.

73. We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed. Se H H A hydrogen atom with one valence e –

74. We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed. Se H

75. We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed. Se H H A Se atom with 6 valence e – ’s

76. We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed. Se H H This electron will be SHARED, not lost!

77. We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed. Se H H I need to gain 1 e – here.

78. We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed. Se H H Another hydrogen atom

79. We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed. Se H H The entire atoms will move, rather than just their electrons.

80. We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed. Se H H

81. We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed. Se H H

82. We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed. Se H H

83. We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed. Se H H

84. We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed. Se H H

85. We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed. Se H H

86. We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed. Se H H

87. We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed. Se H H

88. We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed. Se H H

89. We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed. Se H H

90. We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed. Se H H

91. We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed. Se H H

92. We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed. Se H H These 2 valence e – ’s are shared between Se and H

93. We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed. Se H H COVALENT A COVALENT bond

94. We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed. Se H H

95. We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed. Se H H A stable octet

96. We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed. Se H H This H feels the same electron arrangement as Helium

97. We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed. Se H H The Lewis Diagram for hydrogen selenide

98. We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed. Se H H These shared electron pairs can be replaced by lines

99. We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed. Se H H Like this!

100. We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed. Se H H Each one of these lines is called a single covalent bond

101. We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed. Se H H H H The Lewis Diagram for hydrogen selenide

102. In this example, we’ll see how Lewis diagrams can be used to show how the covalent compound of phosphorus and chlorine forms. The compound is called phosphorus trichloride.

103. phosphorus trichloride Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms.

104. PCl

105. phosphorus trichloride Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms. PCl Lone pair

106. phosphorus trichloride Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms. PCl Unpaired e –

107. phosphorus trichloride Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms.

108. PCl

109. phosphorus trichloride Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms. PCl Unpaired e –

110. phosphorus trichloride Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms. PCl Unpaired e –

111. phosphorus trichloride Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms. PCl

112. phosphorus trichloride Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms. PCl

113. phosphorus trichloride Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms. PCl

114. phosphorus trichloride Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms. PCl

115. phosphorus trichloride Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms. PCl

116. phosphorus trichloride Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms. PCl

117. phosphorus trichloride Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms. PCl

118. phosphorus trichloride Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms. PCl

119. phosphorus trichloride Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms. PCl

120. phosphorus trichloride Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms. PCl

121. phosphorus trichloride Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms. PCl

122. phosphorus trichloride Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms. PCl

123. phosphorus trichloride Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms. PCl The formula for this compound is PCl 3, and its name is phosphorus trichloride

124. phosphorus trichloride Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms. PCl The formula for this compound is PCl 3, and its name is phosphorus trichloride

125. phosphorus trichloride Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms. PCl The formula for this compound is PCl 3, and its name is phosphorus trichloride

126. phosphorus trichloride Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms. PCl The phosphorus atom has a stable octet

127. phosphorus trichloride Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms. PCl The 3 chlorine atoms each have a stable octet

128. phosphorus trichloride Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms. PCl There are 3 covalent bonds in which a pair of electrons is shared

129. phosphorus trichloride Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms. PCl These shared electron pairs can be replaced by single lines.

130. phosphorus trichloride Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms. PCl These shared electron pairs can be replaced by single lines.

131. phosphorus trichloride Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms. PCl P

132. phosphorus trichloride Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms. PCl P Lewis Diagram of Phosphorus Trichloride, PCl 3

133. Lewis Diagrams Showing Double and Triple Covalent Bonds

134. Oxygen is a Diatomic Element Its formula is O 2

135. Oxygen is a Diatomic Element Its formula is O 2

136. Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O 2

137. O

138. O Unpaired e –

139. Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O 2 O Unpaired e – O

140. Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O 2 O O Unpaired electrons

141. Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O 2 O O

142. OO

143. OO

144. O O

145. OO

146. OO

147. OO

148. OO

149. OO

150. OO

151. OO

152. OO

153. OO

154. OO

155. OO 2 pairs of electrons are being shared

156. Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O 2 OO The Lewis Diagram for an oxygen molecule, O 2

157. Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O 2 OO Each shared pair of electrons is replaced by a line

158. Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O 2 O O Each shared pair of electrons is replaced by a line

159. Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O 2 O O This is called a double covalent bond

160. Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O 2 O O OO The Lewis Diagram for an oxygen molecule, O 2

161. Nitrogen is a Diatomic Element Its formula is N 2

162. Nitrogen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is N 2

163. N N

164. N N lone pair lone pair

165. Nitrogen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is N 2 N N 3 unpaired electrons 3 unpaired electrons

166. Nitrogen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is N 2 N N

167. N N

168. N N

169. N N

170. N N

171. N N

172. N N

173. N N

174. N N The Lewis Diagram for a molecule of N 2

175. Nitrogen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is N 2 N N Has a stable octet

176. Nitrogen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is N 2 N N Has a stable octet

177. Nitrogen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is N 2 N N These 3 pairs of electrons are shared

178. Nitrogen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is N 2 N N We have 3 parallel lines

179. Nitrogen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is N 2 N N A triple covalent bond

180. Nitrogen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is N 2 N N A triple covalent bond

181. Nitrogen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is N 2 N N N N The Lewis Diagram for a molecule of N 2