1. ABORIGINAL HEALTH Shelly Crack, Registered Dietitian

2. Outline  Do you know and understand Canadian History?  Colonization and its impacts  Nutrition Concerns in Aboriginal Communities  Prenatal; infants; chronic disease; seniors  Where does traditional food fit?  My top 5 tips for working with First Nation clients, colleges and friends

3. Question #1 How many different Aboriginal settlements do we have in BC? A) 24 B) 59 C) 109 D) 122

4. Residential School Facts  All provinces and territories in Canada  130 residential schools in Canada  Began in 1892-1970 (80 years and more)  150,000 Aboriginal students attended schools  80,000 school survivor alive today

5. Residential School Experiences  Most experienced physical, sexual, mental, spiritual and emotional abuse by the hands of those who entrusted to educate, care and protect  No contact with family; so far away  “Aggressive assimilation” “kill the Indian in the child”  “Civilize” savage Indians /Fix the “Indian problem”  Stripped away identity, language and culture of Aboriginal people  Lost their language and culture; unable to talk to parents

6. Residential School Consequences  Intergenerational impacts  Physical, sexual, emotional & substance abuse in Aboriginal communities today is a direct result of residential schools  Abuse has been denied until very recently

7. Alert Bay Mission School

8. Health Disparities  Poorest minority in Canada; 50% average income  Social support networks  Education 48% high school; 37% post secondary (58)  Unemployment 22% vs. 7%  Housing: overcrowding, water, sanitation, air, water  Personal health & coping tools  Breastfeeding, food insecurity in children  Chronic disease rates 3-4 times higher

9. Cultural Competency Course http://www.culturalcompetency.ca/

10. What do I see in my community?  Tooth decay; bottle feeding, childhood obesity  Ellyn Satter eating dynamic issues  Chronic disease; diabetes; HTN; obesity  Addiction; smoking and alcohol  Domestic abuse; unhealthy relationships  Parenting issues, attachment disorders  Anxiety, depression

11. How do I address these issues?  Cooking classes  Food security projects  Pregnancy outreach programs  Parenting groups  Schools food programs  Chronic disease groups; pain groups  Grocery store tours; food demos  One to one counseling  Collaborate-getting invited

12. Traditional Food  Salmon, halibut, Turbot  Spring, pink, chum, coho, sockey, steelhead  Lincod, red snapper, black cod,  Herring, Roe on kelp (K’aaw)  Crab, Scallops, Sea erchants (Stew)  Clams (Razor, butter, cockles, horseshoe, goeyduck)  Muscles, prawns, shrimp, barnacles  Venison, Elk  Seaweed (Sew), Kelp, Sea asparagus  Berries (salmonberry, strawberry, salalberry, huckleberry, wild cranberry, cloudberry)  Haida potato

13. Satter Hierarchy of Food Needs

14. Shelly’s top 5 tips  Relationships  Drop your nutrition agenda  Humor  Be curious; don’t judge  Listen & learn

15. Relationships are key

16. Drop your nutrition agenda

17. Have fun; be funny; laugh

18. Be curious; don’t judge

19. Get to know your community/culture

20. Words from our colleagues  Respectful curiosity  Patience  Respect and learning  Multidisciplinary approach  Passion of youth and elders  Funding opportunities  Listen, open, quiet  Relationships

21. Resilience "Only to the extent that we expose ourselves over and over to annihilation can that which is indestructible in us be found." --Pema Chodron