1. Court Structure

2. “Dual” Court System

3. Court Structure “Dual” Court System

4. Court Structure “Dual” Court System

5. Court Structure Three-tiered system

6. Court Structure Three-tiered system

7. Court Structure Three-tiered system

8. Court Structure Courts of Original Jurisdiction Courts of Appellate Jurisdiction Supreme Courts

9. Court Structure Courts of Original Jurisdiction

10. Court Structure

14. Courts of Original Jurisdiction: Facts Guilt or innocence (criminal case) For the plaintiff or defendant (civil case)

15. Court Structure Courts of Appellate Jurisdiction: fairness law fundamental rights

16. Court Structure

17. Each state has its own court system

18. Court Structure 98% of all cases are heard in state courts

19. Court Structure

20. Article III SECTION 1 The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish.

21. Court Structure “Constitutional” courts

22. Court Structure

28. “Constitutional” courts

29. Court Structure

36. 2007 – SCOTUS renders 71 full opinions 64 cases from lower federal courts 7 cases from state courts 0 cases of original jurisdiction

37. Court Structure Miscellaneous Notes I.Adversarial System II.Litigants A.Prosecutor v. defendant (criminal case) B.Plaintiff v. defendant (civil case) C.Standing to sue D.Class action E.Justiciable dispute

38. Court Structure Miscellaneous Notes III.Jurisdiction – the authority to hear a case A.Timing 1.original 2.appellate B.Subject C.Parties D.Exclusive E.Concurrent