1. THE JUDICIARY
The Judiciary is the third branch of the indian government.
THE INDIAN JUDICIARY:-
Supreme court
(centre)
High courts
District courts
Civil ,
criminal,
revenue
Nyaya panchayats

2. The supreme court Located in New Delhi
Inaugurated on 28th January 1950
One chief justice and other judges not exceeding 25.
All judges appointed by President
Qualifications:
Citizen of India
Advocate of High court or of two or more such courts in succession for at least 10 years.
Judges of High courts of 5 years’ standing.
Judges hold office until the age of 65. Can be removed by impeachment.

3. Powers of the Supreme court
3 kinds of powers:-
Original jurisdiction:-cases brought directly. Happens if-
Disputes between union and the state government or between state government.
Violation of constitution by govt/indvidual.
Violation of fundamental rights.
2 Appellate jurisdiction-The supreme court hears appeals against the judgements of the high courts.
3 Advisory jurisdiction
Advice the president on legal matters
and constitutional issues.
Functions as the court of records.
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4. HIGH COURT Composition Chief justice and other judges.
Number is decided according to the size of the state.
Appointed by the President
Qualification
Citizen of India
In judicial office for 10 years
Advocate of high court for 10 years or two or more courts in succession.
Retire on completing 62 yrs, removed by impeachment

5. Powers of high court Original jurisdiction-
fundamental rights, election petitions
Appellate jurisdiction
Controls functioning of subordinate courts
Maintains records of proceedings.
Allahabad high court

6. Subordinate courts Under the control of the high court
All courts at district level and below are known as subordinate courts
3 types-
Civil courts
Criminal courts
Revenue courts
Judges appointed by the governor in consultation with the high court.

7. Panchayat courts Called Nyaya panchayats
One such court for a number of villages
Can impose fine of upto Rs. 100/-
Lok adalats
Simply lengthy legal procedures, cheaper and quicker services
Began in 1958 in Delhi.
Presided over by retired judges.

8. Legal aid
Legal aid scheme-free legal services to poorer sections of society.
Some of the categories are:-
SC, ST and BC
Mentally ill and disabled
Women and children
Victims of trafficking or beggars
Annual income less than if the case is put in any other court apart from the supreme court
Annual income less than if case is being presented in supreme court.