1. States of Matter Liquids and Gases 4.2 Liquids and Gases 4.2

2. I. Matter in the Liquid State A. Molecules don’t lose their energy when they collide B. They can continue to collide with the same kinetic energy forever, as long as the temperature remains constant C. Solids - attractive forces keep particles together D. Liquid - attractive forces keep them close, but not in a fixed position. I. Matter in the Liquid State A. Molecules don’t lose their energy when they collide B. They can continue to collide with the same kinetic energy forever, as long as the temperature remains constant C. Solids - attractive forces keep particles together D. Liquid - attractive forces keep them close, but not in a fixed position.

3. E. Gravity causes liquid to flow and it takes the shape of the container F. Forces between molecules a. Cohesive forces between water molecules create surface tension b. Surface tension can support small objects II. How does a liquid become a gas? A. Boiling point - point at which a liquid becomes a gas B. Boiling can be called Vaporization E. Gravity causes liquid to flow and it takes the shape of the container F. Forces between molecules a. Cohesive forces between water molecules create surface tension b. Surface tension can support small objects II. How does a liquid become a gas? A. Boiling point - point at which a liquid becomes a gas B. Boiling can be called Vaporization

4. C. Heat of Vaporization a. Temperature remains the same at the boiling point b. Heat of vaporization - the amount of energy require to change 1kg of a liquid to a gas D. Evaporation a. Temperature remains constant, but that is the average of the kinetic energy of the molecules. b. Individual molecules move fast enough to break the attractive forces C. Heat of Vaporization a. Temperature remains the same at the boiling point b. Heat of vaporization - the amount of energy require to change 1kg of a liquid to a gas D. Evaporation a. Temperature remains constant, but that is the average of the kinetic energy of the molecules. b. Individual molecules move fast enough to break the attractive forces

5. c. These can escape the surface of the liquid d. Evaporation - process by which individual particles escape the surface of a liquid that is not boiling and form a gas. E. Cooling by Evaporation a. Molecules that remain after evaporation are slower and cooler b. This process cools the liquid and anything the liquid touches c. These can escape the surface of the liquid d. Evaporation - process by which individual particles escape the surface of a liquid that is not boiling and form a gas. E. Cooling by Evaporation a. Molecules that remain after evaporation are slower and cooler b. This process cools the liquid and anything the liquid touches

6. III. Matter in the Gaseous State A. Molecules completely escape the attractive forces B. The molecules are far apart from one another, lots of empty space C. Gas completely fills any container that you put it in III. Matter in the Gaseous State A. Molecules completely escape the attractive forces B. The molecules are far apart from one another, lots of empty space C. Gas completely fills any container that you put it in

7. D. Condensation a. As gas cools, particles slow down b. When they are slow enough, attractive forces bring them together, and drops of liquid form. c. Condensation - process where particles in gas slow down and drops of liquid are formed. Pg 107 1-3 D. Condensation a. As gas cools, particles slow down b. When they are slow enough, attractive forces bring them together, and drops of liquid form. c. Condensation - process where particles in gas slow down and drops of liquid are formed. Pg 107 1-3