1. Operational Agriculture Monitoring System Using Remote Sensing Pei Zhiyuan Center for Remote Sensing Applacation, Ministry of Agriculture, China

2. Outline  Main content and method  Monitoring network  Future development

3. Main content and method of the monitoring system  Crop Monitoring  Agricultural Resource Monitoring  Agricultural Disaster Monitoring

4. Crop Monitoring  Crop area estimation  Crop growth monitoring  Crop yield prediction

5. Satellite image distribution for early rice monitoring Satellite image distribution for single cropping and late rice monitoring Rice area estimate Using remote sensing Crop area estimate

6. Satellite image distribution for winter wheat monitoring Winter wheat area estimate Using remote sensing Crop area estimate

7. Satellite image distribution for corn monitoring Corn area estimate Using remote sensing Crop area estimate

8. Satellite image distribution for soybean monitoring soybean area estimate Using remote sensing Crop area estimate

9. Satellite image distribution for cotton monitoring Cotton area estimate Using remote sensing Crop area estimate

10. Methodology of the crop area estimation key words:.Main crop:five mian crops in China (rice,wheat,corn,soybean, cotton), and individual crop is concerned.National scale:valid for the whole country,for central government.Sampling system: stratified sampling method, remote sensing for each sample unit.Extrapolation Model:to derive area estimate at national scale. Change detection:estimate is based on the analysis of change observed on satellite image.Ground survey: validation and substitute for remote sensing

11. Crop area estimate Change between 2 years on the satellite image

12. Ground sample distribution for late rice monitoring validation substitute Ground survey Crop area estimate

13. 2005 年 2006 年

14. Crop Growth Monitoring Once every 15 days Growth condition of winter wheat Growth condition of corn

15.  Methodology  Normalized Differential Vegetation Index (NDVI) is used as the indicator of crop growth.  At present, the crop growth monitoring is carried out using the difference of NDVI between this year and last year of the same time  The differences are graded into different classes which reflect the change in same place in two years.  MODIS, NOAA and FY are mainly used in the crop growth condition monitoring. Crop Growth Monitoring

16. Crop Yield Prediction  At present, using several methods to estimate yield at one time is a practical and effective way. The methods include agricultural climate model, remote sensing model, crop growth model, etc. Of course, other ancillary information is essential to get accurate yield results such as crop growth information, soil moisture information and other ground survey data.

17. Agricultural Resources Monitoring  Cultivated land Area Change  the regional cultivated land change monitoring is baseded on the comparison of two images in different time. The regions include Northeast China, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region, Huanghuaihai Region, etc.  The data acquired include cultivated land, garden plots, forest land, grassland, water area, unused land, etc.

18. 1993 2003

19. Agricultural Resources Monitoring  Remote sensing monitoring of grassland  Combined with ground survey data, grass growth monitoring, yield estimation and balance of livestock and pasture in pastoral area and semi-pastoral area were carried out depending on remote sensing.

20. Distribution of estimated grass yield, 2006

21. Agricultural Disaster Monitoring Drought Monitoring (2006.8 Sichuan and Chongqing) Flood Monitoring)

22. Field Network Monitoring  In order to improve the accuracy and reliability of remote sensing monitoring system, 100 national field monitoring network counties were assigned systematically in the agricultural region of China.  Soil moisture, crop growth data, yield data were measured in the field.  This information coming from the field monitoring network counties can provide support and validation for the remote sensing monitoring system.

23. Monitoring network  Center for Remote Sensing Application, MOA  Regional Sub-centers(7)  Field Monitoring Network Counties(100)

24. Distribution of Regional Centers Distribution of the Regional Centers

25. Distribution of the Field Monitoring Counties Distribution of Field Monitoring Counties

26.  Technology progress  with the development of remote sensing technology, there are more and more commercial satellites.  The spatial, spectrum, and temporal resolutions are improved continuously.  The accuracy and reliability of agricultural remote sensing monitoring operational system will be improved with the application of new technologies. Future Development Expection

27.  Extension of monitoring system   The first one is the extension of monitoring objects, ie, the oil crop and sugar crop should be monitored based on the monitoring of five main crops and the background investigation of crop planting acreage need to be carried out based on the inter-annual change monitoring;  the second one is the extension of monitoring region, ie, the global main agricultural region need to be monitored based on the domestic monitoring.

28.  Improvement of system  The agricultural remote sensing monitoring system is composed of national center, regional sub-center and field monitoring counties.  In the near future, the operational system will develop further, the structure harmonization and quality control will be strengthened and run ability of operational system will be upgraded comprehensively.

29. Summary. The Ministry of Agriculture,China has established an operational agriculture monitoring system at the national scale, based on the integration with remote sensing and ground survey.. The main contents of the monitoring system include crop monitoring,agricultural resource monitoring,and natural disaster monitoring.. Remote sensing monitoring plays an importment role in government decision.

30. Thank you ! Pei zhiyuan Center for Remote Sensing Application, Ministry of Agriculture, China Peizhiyuan@agri.gov.cn