1. Tsuyoshi Kawakami ILO Decent Work Technical Support Team for East, and Southeast Asia and the Pacific Integrating rights and protection in value chain and local development Participatory approaches to improving safety, health and working conditions in grassroots workplaces

2. Examples of participatory programmes to improve working conditions in grassroots workplaces Work Improvement in Neighbourhood Development (WIND) Work Improvement in Small Enterprises (WISE) Work Improvement for Safe Home (WISH) Work Improvement in Small Construction Sites (WISCON) Work adjustment for Recycling and Managing Waste (WARM)

3. WIND programme: Approach to farmers

4. Principles in ＷＩＮＤ training programme 1. Learn from local good examples; 2. Start with simple, low-cost improvements; 3. Use easy-to-use training materials; 4. Train farmer trainers; 5. Sustain farmer trainer networks.

5. Implementing a WIND training programme 1. Action-checklist exercise to find improvement points 2. Farmer trainer showing local good examples

6. 3. Husbands and wives jointly making their action proposals Implementing a WIND training programme 4. Husbands and wives presenting proposals. (Follow- up visits to them will be made a few months later)

7. Action checklist 9. Adjust the work height so that work is done at elbow level or slightly lower than elbow level. Do you propose action ?  No  Yes  Priority Remarks:……………….………………… ………………………..………………….. 10. Provide stable chairs or benches with sturdy backrests. Do you propose action ?  No  Yes  Priority Remarks:………………….……………… …………………………..……………….. 11. Choose work methods to alternate standing and sitting and to avoid bending and squatting postures as much as possible. Do you propose action ?  No  Yes  Priority Remarks:…………….…………………… ………………………..………………….. Example of WIND Action-Checklist with good example illustrations

8. Easy-to-understand illustrations as a tool of WIND farmer trainers Before improvements After improvements

9. Safe storage of agro-chemicals Easy-to-understand illustrations as a tool of WIND farmer trainers

10. Taking short breaks to recover from fatigue and prevent accidents Easy-to-understand illustrations as a tool of WIND farmer trainers

11. Improvement examples made by farmers Example １； Self-made hand trucks for carrying heavy materials

12. Example 2 ： Covering a moving machine belt Before improvement After improvement Improvement examples made by farmers

13. Example 3 ： Safe storage of pesticides (left) and used bottles (right) Improvement examples made by farmers

14. Example 4: Improving a community bridge Improvement examples made by farmers Before improvement After improvement

15. Costs spent for making improvements after a WIND training workshop Farmers can make many low-cost improvements by using their own ideas and locally available materials improvements/ cost zero<1 USD>1 USD> 5 USD5USD < total kitchen ****** *** *************** 24 Resting corner ****** ***** **** ******* ** *- 23 Work environment **************- 14 Income generation *-******** 14 Carrying heavy materials *********** 11 From a WIND workshop in Cantho city, Vietnam

16. Extending WIND training WIND farmer volunteers train neighbouring farmers WIND farmer volunteer

17. 24 WIND trainer workshops held 480 WIND farmer volunteers trained Developing WIND farmer volunteer systems in Vietnam - Supported by ILO/Japan multibilateral programme from 2005-2007 - 28,508 improvements ： made by participating farmers 7,922 farmers ： trained by WIND farmer volunteers

18. : Central government Provincial committee WIND farmer volunteers Neighbouring farmers Policy support & training materials WIND training and follow-up activities Training and supporting farmer volunteers ILO Technical Cooperation Government support to WIND farmer volunteers in Vietnam

19. 1 st National Safety and Health Programme （ 2006-2010 ） ; - adopted WIND farmer volunteer systems; and - allocated national budget for increasing coverage. WIND Training integrated into National Safety and Health Programme

20. Bring workplace voices to national policy ! Advisory support at national policy level Action-oriented training at grassroots level Interactions ILO instruments ILO training programmes

21. Training WIND farmer volunteers WIND training by farmer volunteers Summary: Steps taken to extend WIND training and reach more grassroots farmers Step 1 Integrating into national policy & programme Reaching more farmers Follow-up and networking farmer volunteers Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Collecting local good examples

22. 1.Good practice approach 2.Cooperation with local people’s networks 3.Photos sheets for on-site training activities WISH Programme: Approach to home workers in Cambodia

23. Start with participatory, action- checklist exercise

24. 21. Increase natural ventilation by having more openings, windows or open doorways. Do you propose action ? o No o Yes o Priority Remarks:……………….………………… ………………………..………………….. 22. Provide adequate clothes and personal protective equipment such as glasses, shoes, and gloves. Do you propose action ? o No o Yes o Priority Remarks:………….……………………… ……………………..…………………….. 23. Provide at least two unobstructed exits from rooms and enough fire extinguishers. Do you propose action ? o No o Yes o Priority Remarks:……….………………………… …………………..……………………….. WISH (Work Improvement for Safe Home) action checklist with illustrations

25. Group work for identifying practical actions for improvements Group discussion Presentation

26. Follow-up visits to see improvements

27. Simple changes improve safety, productivity Simple seating arrangement >>> Reduced low- back stress Materials located within easy reach >>> Higher productivity and income (quality products)

28. Extending WISH training: Training Cambodian trainers to use good example photo sheets

29. Government as a facilitator Reaching home workplaces -Support varied people’s networks in informal economy workplaces- NGOs Home workers Workers Government inspectors Home workers Employers Follow-up visitsAchievement workshops

30. WISCON Programme: Approach to small construction sites 1.Direct visit to construction sites 2.Listening to workers’ voices 3.Developing illustrations showing good examples

31. Checklist exercise

32. 11. Evenly distribute materials over scaffolds to avoid overloading. Do you propose action?  No  Yes  Priority Remarks: …………………………………………… …………………………………………… …………………………………………… ……………………… 12. Secure ladders at or near the top even if only used for a short time. Do you propose action?  No  Yes  Priority Remarks: …………………………………………… …………………………………………… …………………………………………… ……………………… 13. Use safe lines for the roof work and the work at height. Do you propose action?  No  Yes  Priority Remarks: …………………………………………… …………………………………………… …………………………………………… ……………………… 14. Secure the scaffold to the building in enough places to prevent scaffold collapse. Do you propose action?  No  Yes  Priority Remarks: …………………………………………… …………………………………………… …………………………………………… ……………………… 15. Mount all the uprights of the scaffold on proper base plates. Do you propose action?  No  Yes  Priority Remarks: …………………………………………… …………………………………………… …………………………………………… ……………………… III. WORK AT HEIGHT WISCON action checklist

33. Workplace action to H1N1 prevention Promoting tripartite cooperation through participatory approaches

34. The ILO developed tools which can support employers’ and workers’ actions to reduce their infection risks and protect their businesses under possible pandemic situations. Available in several languages (i.e. Japanese, French, Spanish, Thai, Khmer, Vietnamese, Laotian, Bahasa Malaysia, Bahasa Indonesia): http://www.ilo.org/asia/whatwedo/projects/lang--en/WCMS_099390/index.htm Develop participatory training manual

35. Page 6 Example of Workplace Action Checklist V. Minimize human-to-human contact at workplace. 17. Keep 1.50 meters or more between work stations. Do you propose action ? o No o Yes o Priority Remarks:…….…………………………… ………………..………………………….. 18. Promote one-way use of staircases and paths. Do you propose action ? o No o Yes o Priority Remarks:…………….…………………… ……………………..…………………….. 19. Assign staff to work at home if the work can be done at home. Do you propose action ?  No  Yes  Priority Remarks:……………………….………… …………………………………..……….. 20. Organize telephone or internet meetings instead of face-to-face meetings. Do you propose action ?  No  Yes  Priority Remarks:………………….……………… …………………………..………………..

36. Establish a company practice that everyone washes their hands carefully.

37. Cover all key aspects to keep your business running and protect your workers.

38. Extending OSH protection to child workers in Cambodia Back pains Cutting injuries Skin problems

40. Participatory training directly to workers and employers

41. Checklist exercise in a salt field

42. Photo sheets showing local good examples

43. WARM Programme: Approach to waste collectors in Fiji 1.Joint improvements in working conditions of waste collectors and 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle waste) 2.Cooperation with the community and local government units

44. Fact-finding survey to collect good practices Garbage collection - starting time: 7 am - finishing time: 3:30 pm Working hours: 8 :30 Number of trips: 3 Lunch break: no

45. Cooperation by two workers to carry heavy waste containers Learning from local good examples

46. Wheeled containers with good handholds Learning from existing local good examples

47. Developing clear-cut illustrations showing good practices

49. 1- Store waste properly. Do you propose action ?  No  Yes  Priority Remarks:…………….…………………. 2. Place waste at waist level of collectors. Do you propose action ?  No  Yes  Priority Remarks:…………….…………………. 3. Use safe waste containers with appropriate size. Do you propose action ?  No  Yes  Priority Remarks:…………….…………………. 4. Attach grips or holders to all waste containers. Do you propose action ?  No  Yes  Priority Remarks:…………….…………………. WARM Action-checklist for waste collectors

50. WARM Checklist Exercise

51. Group work: Waste collectors and representatives of the community

52. Conclusion; Participatory training programmes help local people: 1. Take a fresh look at multiple workplace needs; 2. Implement low-cost, practical improvement measures; 3. Gather local wisdom and initiative; 4. Strengthen their networks for practical action.

53. Thank you… Occupational Safety and Health, ILO Decent Work Team