2. Why is this study important? There is a growing demand for batteries due to the rapid increase in cordless, portable products. Because many batteries contain toxic constituents such as mercury and cadmium, they pose a potential threat to human health and the environment when improperly disposed. Although batteries make up only a tiny portion of municipal solid waste (1%), they account for a disproportionate amount of the toxic heavy metals in landfills (54% cadmium).

3. Hypothesis Rhodes students consume enough batteries that awareness needs to be raised about the harmful effects of improperly disposed batteries By raising awareness we can encourage students to recycle their batteries and save money through the use of rechargeable batteries Ultimately, this is both economically and environmentally sound

4. Research Design Research: On the web to learn about the differences between non-rechargeable and rechargeable batteries. EPA laws and requirements in regards to safe handling/storage. Encourage: Rhodes community to recycle used batteries and to purchase rechargeables, thus increasing the sale of rechargeables while diminishing the numbers of batteries in landfills and costs for students. Implementation and setup: a. Establish recycling program - acquire recycling bins - place six bins at various locations on campus with signs - have bins picked up on May 3rd - Physical Plant transports bins to recycling plant on May 11th b. Establish contract between Rhodes bookstore and distributor of rechargeable batteries - determine distributor, type, and cost of batteries - encourage students to purchase rechargeables and chargers

5. How many appliances do you own which use batteries? CD player Walkman Power drill Flashlight Calculator Pager Alarm Clock Radar Detector

6. Types and Usage of Batteries Alkaline- good for high drain devices and offer long run-time. Composed of nonhazardous steel, zinc, and manganese (CD players) Lithium-ion- recommended for extremely power-hungry devices (digital cameras) Nickel Metal Hydride- found in rechargeable batteries and can be reused 1000 times!

7. Battery Recycling Survey Bellingrath How many batteries are currently in your electronics? (CD players, walkmans, clocks, remotes, cameras, calculators) 4 batt6 batt7 batt8 batt9 batt10 batt12 batt14 batt 6 6 5 9 1 7 4 1 Survey Results: # of People Surveyed = 39 Total # of Batteries Currently in Electronics = 308 Avg # of Batteries per person = 8

8. More Survey Results of Bellingrath Given you were on any floor of this dorm, would you be willing to walk to the first floor to recycle your batteries? Yes = 29 No = 10 Would you purchase rechargeable batteries and a charger at the Rhodes bookstore if you knew it would save you money? Yes = 23No = 16

9. Battery Recycling Survey White How many batteries are currently in your electronics? (CD Players, walkman, clocks, remotes, cameras, calculators) 4 batt6 batt7 batt8 batt9 batt10 batt12 batt14 batt 3 3 0 5 0 2 4 2 # of People Surveyed = 19 Total # of Batteries Currently in Electronics = 166 Avg. batteries / person = 9

10. More Survey Results of White Given you were on any floor of this dorm, would you be willing to walk to the first floor to recycle your batteries? Yes 12No 7 Would you purchase rechargeable batteries and a charger at the Rhodes bookstore if you knew it would save you money? Yes 8No 11

11. Conclusions from Survey Since there was not a strong willingness of the students to recycle their used batteries, we concluded that students need to be educated on the benefits of recycling, in turn giving them an incentive to recycle. Furthermore, students were hesitant to buy battery chargers and rechargeable batteries because they did not know what the economic benefits were. Setup of Battery Recycling Program in conjunction with Physical Plant, Carol Ekstrom, ACS, and students. Bins placed in areas of high student/staff activity on campus.

12. Cost of 2 AA Batteries in CD Player Used 5 Hours/ Week for 1 Year Cost Per Battery Battery Life Annual Cost Cost in Landfill Alkaline$0.7514 hrs$28.50 38 batteries Recharge able $3.00900 hrs$7.00 < 1 battery One year’s worth of wear on rechargeables consumes less than 30% or about $1 worth of the battery’s life. VS.

13. How important is Recycling? If every student on campus (1100) recycled their batteries (on average 8/student), and each battery weighs 27 grams… We would save 237.6 kg (522 lbs) that goes into the landfill!!

14. Recommendations Further study should be conducted to determine the following: sales of rechargeables; effectiveness of bin locations; student willingness to recycle; effect of student education on recycling. Orientation education for recycling in general, including batteries. Encourage students to save batteries during the semester to place in bins. Expand to include computer batteries, cell phone batteries, and watch batteries.

15. References Rhodes Bookstore -Mary Kay Martin Physical Plant –Brian Foshee Carol Ekstrom Carol Casey Bette Ackerman Universal Waste Act- 1995 EPA` epa.gov/gov/epaoswer/hazwa ste/state/policy/p1104.txt energizer.com Epa.gov/epaoswer/nonhw/red uce/epr/products/batteries.ht ml