1. The Elderly 1.The elderly population (who?) 2.How national and local gov, private companies, voluntary groups and families meet the needs of the elderly 3.How housing needs are met 4.Care in the community 5.How new technology can help meet needs 6.Difficulties meeting needs of elderly 7.Inequalities amongst the elderly

2. The Elderly population Currently men and women 65 and over This will increase to 68 soon The elderly population are those people who have become eligible for retirement pension.

3. How national and local gov, private companies, voluntary groups and families meet the needs of the elderly Physical, emotional and financial needs

4. How national and local gov, private companies, voluntary groups and families meet the needs of the elderly PhysicalEmotionalFinancial National Government NHS, GPs, community nurses, free prescriptions, flu jabs, free personal care Carer’s allowance for people looking after elderly State pension Winter fuel allowance, cold weather payments

5. How national and local gov, private companies, voluntary groups and families meet the needs of the elderly PhysicalEmotionalFinancial Local Government Occupational therapists decide if ramps etc are needed Community care Sheltered Housing – security and company Day care centres – meals and company Council Tax benefits Discounts at facilities

6. How national and local gov, private companies, voluntary groups and families meet the needs of the elderly PhysicalEmotionalFinancial Private companies Private health care – BUPA Stair-lifts – other mobility equipment Leisure facilities – holidays e.g. SAGA Retirement flats and villages Private pensions Employment – certain companies like B &Q

7. How national and local gov, private companies, voluntary groups and families meet the needs of the elderly PhysicalEmotionalFinancial Voluntary Groups Church organisations provide sheltered housing and homes Meals on Wheels Groups like Age Concern campaign for better pensions etc…

8. How national and local gov, private companies, voluntary groups and families meet the needs of the elderly PhysicalEmotionalFinancial Family Live with family get physical help Care, company, attention etc… Financial help – buying food, paying bills etc…

9. How housing needs are met Adapting existing housing Sheltered Housing Residential Homes Nursing Homes

10. Care in the community Elderly encouraged to stay at home as long as possible but receive support at home… 1.Day care centres and lunch clubs 2.Home carers and meals on wheels 3.Community nurses and occupational therapists

11. Care in the community Good pointsBad points Independence retained Meets needs of some elderly by providing a “care plan” which identifies exactly what help they need. Some people slip through the net – don’t get the care they need Argument that some people are kept in community because it’s cheaper than sheltered housing or hospital

12. How new technology can help meet needs New medical treatments and drugs Technology – hearing aids, replacement hips and pacemakers Mobility aids – stair lifts, electronic wheelchairs and bath lifts Sensors and alarms to alert or call for help in case of a fall Adapted homes – remote controls, flashing lights for doorbells and telephones, sensors to switch on lights Computers and email to stay in touch with family and friends, shop online etc. Also TELEMEDECINE – blood pressure or glucose readings taken at home and sent to doctor by computer or mobile – reminders about medicine etc. TELECARE – sensors and wireless communication throughout elderly people’s houses so things happen automatically

13. Difficulties meeting needs of elderly Pensions too low Don’t claim benefits they are entitled to Ageing population

14. Inequalities amongst the elderly Physical Differences in health problems Some can afford private health insurance Housing might not be appropriate Expensive to heat – fuel poverty Lack of company – loneliness leading to inability to get around

15. Inequalities amongst the elderly Emotional Some feel worthless after retirement – others see it as an opportunity for a new lifestyle Some have support of family and friends – other don’t

16. Inequalities amongst the elderly Financial Some elderly people are wealthier than others because: Some rely only on state pension where as others have occupational/private pensions, savings, a house Some don’t claim benefits they are entitled to

17. Politics of Aid 1.Differences between developing and developed countries 2.Problems and needs of developing countries 3.How needs of developing countries can be met through – international aid and UN specialised agencies 4.Why developed countries give aid 5.How developed countries can increase their power through aid 6.The factors developed countries take into account before they give aid and how they can benefit from giving aid 7.The types of aid given and whether it really meets the needs of people in developed countries

18. Developed and Developing DevelopedDeveloping TermsRich, North, First World Poor, South, Third World ExamplesUK, USA, Japan, Australia Sudan, Ethiopia, Chad, Zimbabwe Development indicators Low birth rate, low death rate and infant mortality, high life expectancy, high literacy rates, high GNI (wealth) High birth rate, high death rate and infant mortality, low life expectancy, low literacy rates, low GNI (wealth)

19. Problems and Needs SocialEconomicPolitical Population growth/ lack of food High birth rate Land is used for cash crops which are sold abroad drought Debt Large sums borrowed from rich Must pay back with interest African countries can’t afford this Civil War Disputes over land, ethnic and religious differences Farmers forced off lands, crops destroyed, money on weapons Poor Health Education No enough money spent here Too few doctors, nurses, teachers, schools Poverty Lack of economic development Corrupt governments misusing resources Dictatorship Little history of democracy Many countries were European colonies

20. Problems and Needs SocialEconomicPolitical Controlled population growth Improved agriculture and food production Better education and health care Debt cancellation Better terms of trade More economic development More stable democracies Ban on sale of weapons Effective peace keeping

21. Meeting Needs – International Aid Diagram

22. Meeting Needs – UN Specialised Agencies HANDOUT

23. Why give aid? Social reasonsEconomic reasonsPolitical Reasons As a rich country, Britain has responsibility to help poorer countries British doctors, nurses, technicians etc. become more skilled by working in developing countries Aid helps countries develop their economies. If poorer countries become richer they can buy goods that Britain sells If Britain gives bilateral aid, they might get something in return, e.g. cheaper crops like cotton, coffee, tea Britain may want power and influence in certain parts of the world so may give aid for this reason. If a country’s location is strategically important this could be useful to Britain Britain also want to support democracies

24. Factors to consider before giving aid SocialEconomicPolitical ‘Do they need it?’‘What’s in it for me?’‘Are they friendly?’ ‘Have we got it?’‘Will it help them?’‘Are they honest?’

25. Does aid meet the needs? Bilateral AidMultilateral AidVoluntary Aid

26. Government in USA