1. Battery Fundamentals
Chapter 30
Page 403

2. even when the most exhaustive protection measures are taken
The Battery’s Purpose
The battery is the heart of the electrical system
Provides initial power for start-up
Provides a place for extra energy produced by charging system
Provides energy even when key is off (security, airbags, computer memory)
Remember that batteries contain acid and it is very easy to hurt yourself
even when the most exhaustive protection measures are taken
Do not expose to flame!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

3. The Battery

4. Parts and Operation
Plates are coated with different types of lead-when they interact through the electrolyte (acid) they produce energy
Many plates make a cell element
There are six cells per battery
Six Cells
2.1 volts each
(total = 12.6)
Plate
Side Post Battery

5. Battery Construction

6. More Parts
Electrolyte- Known as acid, Very corrosive –will cause burns to you if you get in on you or your clothes.
Case- made of plastic to resist moisture, acid absorption, and vibration damage.
Cell Caps- allow you to test, check, or add electrolyte.
Some batteries are sealed and there is no
way to access the cells, these are
called Maintenance Free.
Terminals- allow for connecting to vehicle.

7. How It Works

8. Battery Diagram
Sediment
Chamber

9. Optima Battery Design

10. Battery Ratings
CCA-Cold Cranking Amps- determined by number of amps that can be delivered for 30 seconds at zero degrees for without the voltage falling below 7.2 volts (normally 12.6)
Reserve Capacity- determined by the length of time in minutes that a battery can be discharged at 25 amps without cell voltage dropping below 1.75 volts (normally 2.1)

11. How Long Does a Battery Last
Typically the battery will last as long as the battery rating. For example if the battery is a 72 month battery, the battery will last 72 months or 6 six years.
If the battery is subjected to the following extremes then life will diminish:
Heat, vibration, tipping over, power needs, power drains, over or under charging, etc.

12. Temperature Effects Battery
% of Cranking Power
80 degrees
100
32 degrees 65
0 degrees 40

13. Types of Batteries Deep Cycle- boats, RV’s,
Maintenance Free – ATV’s cars, trucks
Low Maintenance- Large vehicles, heavy equipment ( you can add water, check electrolyte, and look at the plates in this type)

14. Cables and Clamps

15. Size of Wires and Cables
Battery cables need to be large diameter.
Most car wiring is 12 to 14 gauge.
Dash wiring gauge
Battery cables gauge.
The higher the number, the smaller the wire diameter---- The lower the number, the larger the diameter
Just like Shot
Gun Shell
Gauges

16. Battery Trays and Hold Downs
Hold downs are essential
Trays are to hold battery
and capture leaking acid.

17. Your Job.
Complete chapter Questions 1-10 (review) and 1-5 (ASE-style). Page 412
Write on a separate paper and write out the complete question and your answer. ( do not write the other answer options).
Complete the chapter worksheet (I will give it out). You may write on it.
File all items in your note book.
Notebooks will be graded in the future.