1. Workshop on the Improvement of Civil Registration and Vital Statistics in the SADC Region, Blantyre, Malawi, 1 – 5 December 2008 Vital statistics and their sources

2. Workshop on the Improvement of Civil Registration and Vital Statistics in the SADC Region, Blantyre, Malawi, 1 – 5 December 2008 Presentation plan 1.Sources of vital statistics and their pros and cons - Civil registration - Population censuses - Sample surveys 2.Countries’ data sources – a summary of pre- workshop assignments 3.Taking advantage of the 2010 round of population and housing censuses

3. Workshop on the Improvement of Civil Registration and Vital Statistics in the SADC Region, Blantyre, Malawi, 1 – 5 December 2008 Civil registration system Continuous, permanent, compulsory, universal recording of the occurrence and characteristics of vital events in accordance with the legal requirements in each country

4. Workshop on the Improvement of Civil Registration and Vital Statistics in the SADC Region, Blantyre, Malawi, 1 – 5 December 2008 Population Censuses The total process of collecting, compiling, evaluating, analyzing and publishing or otherwise disseminating demographic, economic and social data pertaining, at a specified time, to all persons in a country.

5. Workshop on the Improvement of Civil Registration and Vital Statistics in the SADC Region, Blantyre, Malawi, 1 – 5 December 2008 Sample surveys Household sample surveys collect information for relatively small but scientifically designed samples of the households.

6. Workshop on the Improvement of Civil Registration and Vital Statistics in the SADC Region, Blantyre, Malawi, 1 – 5 December 2008 Pros and cons of the three sources of fertility and mortality data (on the scale of High (H), Medium (M) and Low (L)) DimensionCensusSurveyCivil Reg. CostHML Rapidity of processingLHM-H Detailed socio- demographic information M-HHL ContinuityLMH Recency of estimatesLMH Information on causes of death LMH

7. Workshop on the Improvement of Civil Registration and Vital Statistics in the SADC Region, Blantyre, Malawi, 1 – 5 December 2008 Pros and cons of the three sources of fertility and mortality data (on the scale of High (H), Medium (M) and Low (L)) (cont ’ d) DimensionCensusSurveyCivil Reg. Small area statisticsHLH Affected by age misreporting MML Availability of time seriesLMH Presence of sampling errorsLHL Need for assumptions and models for converting responses into vital rates MML Geographical detailHLH

8. Workshop on the Improvement of Civil Registration and Vital Statistics in the SADC Region, Blantyre, Malawi, 1 – 5 December 2008 Civil registration is the best source for vital statistics  Data from civil registration: Providing data continuously Providing more accurate information on cause of deaths  Data from census and surveys: Infrequent (for censuses) Sampling errors (for surveys)

9. Workshop on the Improvement of Civil Registration and Vital Statistics in the SADC Region, Blantyre, Malawi, 1 – 5 December 2008 Results of the questionnaire Data sources  Most countries in SADC region relies solely on censuses and sample surveys for vital statistics  Some countries use incomplete data from civil registration, in combination with other sources  One country has complete civil registration system: Mauritius

10. Workshop on the Improvement of Civil Registration and Vital Statistics in the SADC Region, Blantyre, Malawi, 1 – 5 December 2008 Issues related to civil registration systems: low-coverage  Civil registration system not compulsory Malawi  Not a tradition to register vital events, especially in rural areas Birth registration as low as 10% for Zambia in rural areas  Difficult to access areas: Remote Area Dwellers (RADs) in Botswana do not have access to facilities where they could register these events  Non-conformance of regulations Ignorance of the procedures, delayed registration of birth until school age (Mozambique)

11. Workshop on the Improvement of Civil Registration and Vital Statistics in the SADC Region, Blantyre, Malawi, 1 – 5 December 2008 Issues related to civil registration systems: Under- exploitation of the existing data  Lack of cooperation between civil registration and statistics offices In South Africa, the exchange between civil registration and statistics office was stalled for seven years, as the civil registration authorities stopped providing data to Statistics South Africa lack of cooperation between government institutions leading to for example delays in disbursement of funds (Swaziland)  Difficult format for statistics office to process In South Africa and Swaziland, civil registration records are in mainframe format, requires developing sets of applications. Sometimes civil registration data are available only in hard copy, requires coding, data entry, editing, tabulating (Malawi)  Lack of skill required on the compilation of vital statistics Tanzania Zimbabwe

12. Workshop on the Improvement of Civil Registration and Vital Statistics in the SADC Region, Blantyre, Malawi, 1 – 5 December 2008 Issues related to civil registration systems: lack of monitoring and evaluation tools  Very few countries in the region evaluate their registration system

13. Workshop on the Improvement of Civil Registration and Vital Statistics in the SADC Region, Blantyre, Malawi, 1 – 5 December 2008 Goals of the workshop … In light of this introduction the discussion in the next five days will focus on:  Introduce the United Nations guidelines for the collection and compilation of vital statistics  Assess the current status of civil registration and vital statistics system in the country

14. Workshop on the Improvement of Civil Registration and Vital Statistics in the SADC Region, Blantyre, Malawi, 1 – 5 December 2008 … Goals of the workshop  Identify gaps and propose strategies for the improvement of civil registration  Identify good practices that countries might follow (a) to collect data, (b) to calculate vital statistics, (c) to evaluate their quality  Examine the availability of data that countries are able to provide to UNSD through the Demographic Yearbook data collection and look for ways for further improvement.

15. Workshop on the Improvement of Civil Registration and Vital Statistics in the SADC Region, Blantyre, Malawi, 1 – 5 December 2008 2010 World Census Programme – for fertility and mortality statistics  Principles and Recommendations for Population and Housing Censuses, Rev. 2, published in 2008

16. Workshop on the Improvement of Civil Registration and Vital Statistics in the SADC Region, Blantyre, Malawi, 1 – 5 December 2008 2010 World Census Programme – recommendations for the collection of fertility and mortality statistics  6 core topics on fertility and mortality Children ever born Children Living Date of birth of last child born alive Births in the past 12 months Deaths among children born in the last 12 months Deaths in the household in the last 12 months

17. Workshop on the Improvement of Civil Registration and Vital Statistics in the SADC Region, Blantyre, Malawi, 1 – 5 December 2008 2010 World Census Programme – recommendations for the collection of fertility and mortality statistics (cont.)  Additional topics Age, date and duration of first marriage Age of mother at birth of first child born alive Maternal and paternal orphanhood

18. Workshop on the Improvement of Civil Registration and Vital Statistics in the SADC Region, Blantyre, Malawi, 1 – 5 December 2008 2010 World Census Programme - how did we do in the 2000 round? (Core topics) Country, year of census Children ever born alive Children living Date of birth of last child born alive Births in the past 12 months Deaths among children born in the last 12 months Household deaths in the past 12 months Botswana, 2001XXXXX Lesotho, 1996XXXX Malawi, 1998XXXXX Mauritius, 2000X Mozambique, 1997XXXX Namibia, 2001XXXX South Africa, 1996XXX South Africa, 2001XXXX Swaziland, 1997XXX United Republic of Tanzania, 2002XXXX Zambia, 2000XXXX Zimbabwe, 2002XXXX

19. Workshop on the Improvement of Civil Registration and Vital Statistics in the SADC Region, Blantyre, Malawi, 1 – 5 December 2008 2010 World Census Programme - how did we do in the 2000 round? (Additional topics) Country, year of census Maternal or paternal orphanhood Age of mother at birth of first child born alive Age, date or duration of first marriage Botswana, 2001X Lesotho, 1996X Malawi, 1998X Mauritius, 2000X Mozambique, 1997X Namibia, 2001XX South Africa, 1996XX South Africa, 2001X Swaziland, 1997X United Republic of Tanzania, 2002X Zambia, 2000 Zimbabwe, 2002XX

20. Workshop on the Improvement of Civil Registration and Vital Statistics in the SADC Region, Blantyre, Malawi, 1 – 5 December 2008 2010 World Census Programme - how did we do in the 2000 round? Angola, DRC and Madagascar did not conduct census in the 2000 round For others, coverage of fertility and mortality questions are good Are those information used to Estimate fertility and mortality level? Evaluate birth and death registration in the country?

21. Workshop on the Improvement of Civil Registration and Vital Statistics in the SADC Region, Blantyre, Malawi, 1 – 5 December 2008 2010 census round - recommendations  Take advantage of the 2010 census round to capture fertility and mortality information  Ask the right question AND compile the data  Use the census data to evaluate the civil registration system in the country

22. Workshop on the Improvement of Civil Registration and Vital Statistics in the SADC Region, Blantyre, Malawi, 1 – 5 December 2008 THANK YOU!