1. Birth of Kingdoms

2. Objectives Describe how William the Conqueror and Henry II strengthened English royal power. Analyze the traditions of government that developed under King John and later English monarchs. Explain how strong monarchs unified France.

3. Power Struggle Form the framework for Nation-States –Modern day countries –Power shifts from about 1000-1300 ChurchMonarchsNobles

4. History of England Angles and Saxons Alfred the Great united tribes(1 st King) King Edward dies, with no heir, competing claims between Harold and William William the Conqueror and Battle of Hastings (1066).William the Conqueror and Battle of Hastings (1066). New Norman rulers and diffusion that took place.

5. Expanding Royal Power William had a complete census taken. Why? “Domesday Book” –Listed every castle, field, and pigpen in England

7. Developing a Unified Legal System 1154 – Henry II –Creates English common law Legal system based on custom and court rulings Applied to all of England –Creates jury system Group of men sworn to speak the truth

8. Henry II Clashed with the church (right to try clergy) Archbishop of Canterbury – Thomas Becket “Who will rid me of this meddlesome priest?”

9. Fight for Control King John constantly at war  –1215 signs Magna Carta. Lords look to limit Kings’ power. –Limited the power of the monarch

10. Beginnings of Democratic Ideas INFORMALLY began after Magna Carta: King Edward calls “model parliament” 1295 for first time  –Two houses, commons and lords. –Today’s impact. United States?Today’s impact. –French Estates General set in 1302 after struggle with the Church. 3 “Estates” to balance power of church

11. French Kings Capetians consolidate power around Paris Phillip II Augustus increases power of French by taking back land from English. –Crushed the Albigensians to retake southern France

12. Louis IX Beloved King Persecuted heretics –Those who held beliefs contrary to church teachings, Jewish population –Led French knights in two crusades against the Muslims

14. Church Power Pope Innocent III – claimed supremacy over all rulers. “[The Pope] stands between God and man, lower than God but higher than men, who judges and is judged by no one” Showed power over King John of England and Philip II of France. Extended Papal States