1. 1 © 2015 Farm Energy Centre Today’s programme 10:00 amRegistration 10:30 amWelcome and introduction Heating system types and main components 11:30 amCoffee 11:45 amHeating system practicalities 12:45 pmLunch 1:30 pmSite walk 3:00 pmSummary and depart

2. 2 © 2015 Farm Energy Centre Power x Time (kW x h), unit kWh 10 litres fuel = 96 kWh, gets you 90 miles Makes 3,500 cups of coffee Keeps 600m 2 greenhouse warm for an hour What is Energy? Power output of Vmax = 85kW =

3. 3 © 2015 Farm Energy Centre Frost protect – 600 kW/hectare Heat to 20 deg C – 1.5 MW/hectare 50mm heating pipe at 85 deg C – 169W/metre 25mm heating pipe at 85 deg C – 114 W/metre 591 metres pipe = 100 kW direct fired heater How much heat?

4. 4 © 2015 Farm Energy Centre Costs Units of purchase Cost per unit supply kWh per unit of purchase Cost per kWh ElectricitykWh 10p (day) 6p (night) 1 10p (day) 6p (night) Diesel / fuel oilLitre60p10.85.5 LPGLitre45p7.46.1 Mains gasTherms60p29.312

5. 5 © 2015 Farm Energy Centre Fuels

6. 6 © 2015 Farm Energy Centre What you get out V’s what you put in Efficiency Efficiency % = Energy Out x 100 Energy In 30% 85% 95%

7. 7 © 2015 Farm Energy Centre Heating systems - describe Open buffer Indirect fired Heat pump Direct fired Pipe rail Boiler Biomass

8. 8 © 2015 Farm Energy Centre Heat source(s) Distribution Heat providers All in one – direct acting Wet (boiler) systems Systems

9. 9 © 2015 Farm Energy Centre Direct acting

10. 10 © 2015 Farm Energy Centre Direct heaters - Efficiency Run regime Aspirate light off purge Shorten aspirate and purge times to cut flue loss Also consider smaller jet in summer to cut cycling Clean filter and jet

11. 11 © 2015 Farm Energy Centre Wet systems

12. 12 © 2015 Farm Energy Centre System Drawing

13. 13 © 2015 Farm Energy Centre Heat meters Mechanical flowmeter and digital integrator Ultrasonic flowmeter and digital integrator

14. 14 © 2015 Farm Energy Centre Heat meter installation

15. 15 © 2015 Farm Energy Centre Application efficiency 100% Boiler loss 15% ? Primary pipe Loss 5%? Distribution system Loss 5%? Application efficiency loss 5%? 70%?

16. 16 © 2015 Farm Energy Centre Pipe insulation Example – 1m of 100mm pipe at 75 o C – Cost of heat loss 200W x 8000hrs x 2p/kWh =£32 per year Install 50mm insulation 10W x 8000hrs x 2p/kWh =£1.60 per year

17. 17 © 2015 Farm Energy Centre Pipe insulation Also consider – Underground pipes – Valves (= 1m pipe) – Pump (= 1m pipe) – Boilers Etc Wet insulation is useless

18. 18 © 2015 Farm Energy Centre Underground pipe Pre-insulated pipe - £25 - £75 / metre Heat loss 2 kW per 100m – 8 hrs for 150 days – 2,400 kWh loss – 24 hrs for 365 days - 17,520 kWh loss – Reduce hours run

19. 19 © 2015 Farm Energy Centre Which heat source Boiler on/off Boiler output selection Pumps on/off, Pump speed up/down Valve position Result – pipe temp Control

20. 20 © 2015 Farm Energy Centre Why do we use heat? Too cold Too wet

21. 21 © 2015 Farm Energy Centre Measuring boxes Dry bulb Wet bulb Fan Reservoir

22. 22 © 2015 Farm Energy Centre Check  A continuous supply of clean water  A salt / calcium free wick  Clear airflow both to and from it  Clean / replace filters  If fitted  Check at least monthly, if not weekly – don’t wait for the alarm to go off!

23. 23 © 2015 Farm Energy Centre MB location Poor measurements give  Poor & unstable control  High energy costs  Higher risk of disease  There is a tendency to position them  For convenience  For safety / to avoid damage  Why spend  £10,000’s on a computer  £100,000’s on energy  And put the measuring box where it makes life easiest?

24. 24 © 2015 Farm Energy Centre Screens keep heat in Key parameter is light level – Even when it’s cold, if light is sufficient then the screen should be open Screens

25. 25 © 2015 Farm Energy Centre Vents let heat out Key parameter is humidity – If you are venting for temperature, heating should be off… Vents

26. 26 © 2015 Farm Energy Centre END