1. © 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Database Systems Organizing Data in a Database Using Database Systems in Organizations Emerging Database Trends Please turn your cell phone off.

2. © 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. The Value of Databases Databases and Database Management Systems (DBMS) transform large quantities of data into specific and valuable information for accomplishing some goal.

3. © 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Organizing Data in a Database

4. © 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. File or Table Database A collection of data organized to meet user’s needs. Records (Entities) Field (Attribute)

5. © 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Database Fields Fields are set to hold specific types of data.

6. © 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Database A Database is a collection of files/tables

7. © 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Database Heirarchy

8. © 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Keys and Primary Key Key: A field in a record that is used to identify the record Primary key: A field that uniquely identifies a record  A primary key field prevents duplicate records from occurring in a table.

9. © 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Primary Keys Which field would act as the best primary key?

10. © 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Primary Keys

11. © 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Relational Database In a relational database, tables are linked (related) through common fields.

12. © 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Relation Types One-to-many  Most typical  Makes use of primary key One-to-one Many-to-many

13. © 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Northwind Database Example http://lit.cs.fsu.edu/recitation-notes/nwind.mdb

14. © 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. In-class Exercise Database Specification: Build a database to store student grades for Mr. Baldauf’s students  There are multiple classes with multiple sections each with a unique Course Reference Number (CRN)  The courses are divided between multiple recitation instructors identified by SSN  Students identified by SSN

15. © 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. In-class Exercise The database should be able to provide the following reports:

16. © 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Database Management Systems

17. © 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Database Management System (DBMS) A DBMS consists of a group of programs that manipulate the database and provide an interface between the database and the user. Front End DATABASE Back End DBMS Secure Access

18. © 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Gradebook Example Front End Back End

19. © 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Gradebook Example Front End Back End

20. © 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Database Strengths Data can be sifted, sorted, queried through the use of data manipulation languages. The power of a database and DBMS lies in the user’s ability to manipulate the data to turn up useful information.

21. © 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Data Manipulation Language A Data Manipulation Language (DML) is a specific language provided with the DBMS that allows people and other database users to access, modify, and make queries about data contained in the database, and to generate reports. Structured Query Language (SQL): The most popular DML.  SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE JOB_CLASSIFICATION = ‘C2”

22. © 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Using Databases in Organizations

23. © 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Data Stores Data Warehouse: A database that holds important information from a variety of sources. Data Mart: A small data warehouse, often developed for a specific person or purpose. Data Mining: the process of extracting information from a data warehouse.  “Connecting the dots”

24. © 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Emerging Database Trends

25. © 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Distributed Database

26. © 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Databases and the Internet The Web is frequently used as the Front End of DBMS’s.

27. © 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Media Databases Databases are increasingly being used to store visual and audio data. Consider the digital hospital and how it might handle patient records including x-rays.

28. © 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved. Questions? Don’t forget to turn your phone back on!!