1. Helmut Schink, Vice Chair of SG 15 Helmut.schink@nsn.com
ITU-T Kaleidoscope 2010 Beyond the Internet? - Innovations for future networks and services
Trends in Transport Standards
Helmut Schink,
Vice Chair of SG 15
Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010

2. ITU-T Structure WTSA SG SG Working Party WP WP WP Focus Group Q Q Q Q
Workshops,
Seminars,
Symposia…
WTSA
World Telecommunication
Standardization Assembly
Telecommunication Standardization
Advisory Group
IPR Ad hoc SG
Study Group SG
Working Party WP WP WP
Focus Group Q Q
Questions: Develop Recommendations Q Q Q Q
Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010 2

3. Study Group 15: Overview
General area of study is on “Optical transport networks and access network infrastructures”
SG 15 is the focal point in ITU T for the development of standards on optical and other transport network infrastructures, systems, equipment, optical fibres, and the corresponding control plane technologies to enable the evolution toward intelligent transport networks. This encompasses the development of related standards for the customer premises, access, metropolitan and long haul sections of communication networks.
Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010 3

4. Study Group 15: Overview Home / Access / Regional Long Haul Optical
Metallic
Access
Terrestrial &
Submarine
Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010

5. Projects and Opportunities SG 15
Major projects
Lead SG on access network transport
Lead SG on optical technology
Lead SG on optical transport networks
New opportunities
Home networking
Energy management
Power saving
Home and commercial building automation transceivers
New customer premises cabling
Interoperability testing (e.g. with FTTH Council Europe)
Packet Transport
Device Management
Lisbon, Portugal, February 2010
Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010 5

6. SG 15 Management Chair: Yoichi Maeda, TTC Vice-Chairs, WP Chairs:
Sadegh Abbasi Shahkooh, Iran
Baker Baker, Syria
Júlio Cesar Fonseca, Brasil
Viktor Katok, Ukraine
Francesco Montalti, WP 2, Telecom Italia
Helmut Schink, Nokia Siemens Networks
Tom Starr, WP 1, AT&T
Steve Trowbridge, WP 3, Alcatel Lucent
Shaohua Yu, China
Counsellor: Greg Jones
Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010

7. Major front lines
Outside plant techniques for easy, environmentally friendly installation
Fibres: rubustness and low water peak
Higher speed and lower power consumption in
home network
DSL copper access
Fiber access
Common OAM mechanisms for MPLS
Beyond 100G long haul optics
Syncronisation e.g. for backhaul
Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010

8. L. 83 “Low impact minitrench installation techniques”
Installation of mini ducts structures inside a small dimension trench: width less than 5 cm and depth in the range cm (compared with 10x30 cm of the conventional one)
Possibility of installing up to 3 linear arrays of 5 mini ducts  10/14 mm directly buried
Use of low environmental impact trenching machines
Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010

9. Solutions for installation of ducts and cables in an occupied infrastructures
Outfitting of existing ducts (telcos, street lighting, power..) with10/12 mm mini ducts and use of completely dielectric minicables
Separation of the telecommunication access points with the use of reduced dimensions manholes 9
Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010 9

10. Q7/15 Work in Progress
L.distr “Customer and distribution boxes and terminals”
L.drop “Pre-terminated fibre drop cables & hardened connectors”
L.modc “Environmental protection of optical devices and optical connectivity in outside plant conditions”
L.oxcon “Outdoor optical cross connect cabinets ?
Optimization of space
Unbundling?
Need of new Recommendation on field mountable connector technologies
Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010

11. ITU-T documents give guidance on how to use the available spectrum
Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010 11

12. Fiber Spectrum 10G-PON GPON (D)WDM PON Attenuation (dB/km) US US DS V
Third window
“1500-nm”
600
0.1
l (nm)
0.2
0.5
1.0
2.0
5.0 10
Attenuation (dB/km)
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
First window
“850-nm”
Second window
“1300-nm”
Water peak
Absorption
Rayleigh
Scattering
1270nm
1310nm
1490nm
1580nm
1550nm US US DS V DS
Standard fiber
AllWave® Fiber
10G-PON
GPON
(D)WDM PON
Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010

13. Specified loss in dB for 1 turn at 1550 nm for radius:
G. 657 “Bending loss insensitive single-mode fibres”
G.657 A (G.652 compliant) A1 fibre 10 mm bending radius
A2 fibre 7.5 mm bending radius
G.657 B (not G.652 compliant) B2 fibre 7.5 mm bending radius
B3 fibre mm bending radius
Following issues are being addressed as the future study points:
- possibility of A3 fibre
- splicing to G.652 fibre (level of compliance)
- wavelength dependence of the transmission characteristics
Specified loss in dB for 1 turn at 1550 nm for radius:
Bending Radius
10 mm
7.5 mm
5 mm
G. 657A1
<0.75 -
G. 657A2 / B2
<0.1
<0.5
G. 657B3
<0.03
<0.08
<0.15
G.652
G.657 A1
G.657 A2 / B2
G.657 B3
Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010

14. Available Fiber Access Technologies
Cabinet /
Basement
10/100/1000bT
1 – 10G
Ethernet
Switch
A) Direct Fiber (Point to Point)
Reach: ~20Km
Future proof architecture
Protocol independent
Completely passive ODN
Follows established telco wiring practice
High CO/LO Fiber Management cost
Un-economical for countrywide FTTH
B) AON (Active Optical Network)
Reach: up to 40Km, (typ. ~7-15Km)
Easy BW upgrades
Flexible user & line rate deployment
Simple deployment
Shared Bandwidth
Requires active equipment
Increases OSP costs
Increased OpEx
2.5G DS / 1.25G US
Passive
Splitter
Athermal
DWDM
Filter
C) G-PON G.984
Reach: ~20Km
Simplified Fiber management
Low cost passive OSP (no PSU, MNS)
Low power consumption
Low OpEx
Video Broadcast (DS)
Bandwidth sharing in US and DS
ONT must filter rogue channels
Security (MBH port shared with FTTH subscriber?)
Splitter attenuation limits tree size
D) WDM-PON
Reach: ~20Km
Passive ODN, symmetric BW
Independent Lambda per subscriber
Protocol Independent
Reach amplification possible
Reduced OSP costs, single fiber
Security per line
Easy BW upgrades
Filters complicate OSP design
Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010

15. Other/future Fiber Access Technologies
E) UD-WDM
Reach: up to 100Km
Passive OSP
Virtual Point to Point architecture
Lambda per subscriber / service
Colourless design, tunable ONT
High split (up to 1:1000)
Any packet transport format
Low latency and delay
Redundancy options
Lambda per subscriber
Passive
Splitter
Filter
(Optional)
10G DS / 2.5G US
Passive
Splitter
F) 10G-PON G.987
Reach: ~60Km
Passive OSP
Migration from G-PON
Split 1:64 / 1:128
Low power
Redundancy options
G) CWDM+TDM-PON
Reach: up to 60Km
Strong service separation
Reduced fiber count, CO consolidation possible
CWDM filter in ODN
Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010

16. Vectored VDSL2 enables up to 100 Mb/s
Far-end crosstalk (FEXT) greatly reduces VDSL2 performance. Near-end crosstalk is not problem since VDSL2 uses different frequency band for upstream and downstream.
DSLAM
FEXT
A vectored system sends “pilot” signals to learn the crosstalk coupling between all the lines in the cable
Each transmitter “precodes” its signal to compensate for the FEXT from the other primary disturbing lines, thereby offsetting the effects of the crosstalk
In April 2010 the ITU-T approved the G standard for VDSL2 vectoring
VDSL2 bit-rate performance is nearly doubled by cancelling the FEXT
Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010 16

17. Unified Home Networking Standards
-G.hn supports home networking rates up to 1 Gb/s
-One standard for in-home coax, twisted pair, and power wires
-Support of IPTV with Multicast and full QoS (quality of service)
-Relay-node operating enable excellent coverage throughout the premises
-Very low complexity home networking (G.9955) being developed to support Smart Grid energy management
Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010

18. ITU-T WP 1/15 Passive Optical Network access
Recommendations in Force
G.983 BPON (622 / 155 Mbps)
G.984 GPON (2.4 / 1.2 Gbps)
G.985 point-to-point EPON (100 Mbps)
G.986 point-to-point EPON (1 Gbps)
G.987 XGPON (10 / 2.5 Gbps) – SR and PMD layers
Work in progress for June 2010
G.987 XGPON (10 / 2.5 Gbps) – TC layer
G.988 Generic OMCI (PON management)
Further work
G.987 XGPON2 (10 / 10 Gbps) ?
Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010

19. Ethernet over Transport (EOT)
WP3/15 - Transport Network Structure Matrix Organization and key relationships
Circuit Transport
Packet
Transport
Q3/15
Coordination, Terminology Lead SG activities (OTNT SWP)
IEEE 802
Q9/15
Equipment, Performance
Network Protection/Restoration
OTN
Ethernet over Transport (EOT)
MEF
Q10/15
OAM, Services
Q11/15
Interfaces Structures & Mapping
IETF
Q12/15
Architecture
MPLS-TP
SDH
OIF
Q13/15
Timing &
Synchronization
PDH
Q14/15
Management & Control
TMF
Q15/15
Test Equipment 19
Pune, 15 December 2010

20. Optical Transport Network (OTN) Evolution
OTN Heirarchy recently extended “at both ends” to support 40/100G services per wavelength and groom at GbE (1000BASE-X) granularity
New Flexible ODU (ODUflex) supports future Constant bit-rate (CBR) clients and arbitrarily sized packet flows

21. ODUflex Two flavors of ODUflex standardized Circuit ODUflex
Supports any possible client bit rate as a service in circuit transport networks
CBR clients use a bit-sync mapping into ODUflex (239/238xthe client rate)
Packet ODUflex
Creates variable size packet trunks (containing GFP-F mapped packet data) for transporting packet flows using L1 switching of a LO ODU
In principle, can be of any size, but in a practical implementation it will be chosen to be multiples of the lowest tributary slot size in the network
Similar to VCAT (virtual concatenation), but avoids differential delay problem by constraining the entire ODUflex to be carried over the same higher order ODUk, and provides one manageable transport entity per service (while also limiting the application to ODUflex that fits within one higher order ODUk)
ODU k
ODUflex
ODUk
Circuit ODUflex
Packet ODUflex

22. Transport Technology to suit any required granularity
BROADBAND NETWORKS
MPLS(-TP) LSP used as transport technology
GMPLS used as LSP-TP control plane
LSP bandwidths will exceed 0.5 Gb/s
ULTRA-BROADBAND NETWORKS
OTN ODU(flex) provides a greener UB LSP alternative
GMPLS used as ODU control plane
Operators can route packet flows in future through sub-Lambda-LSPs and Lambda-LSPs
OTUk
HO ODUk
ODUflex
ODU
EC/PW/IP
EVC/PW/IP
ODUk
10/40/100 Gb/s
traffic
traffic
traffic
EVC/PW/IP
EVC/PW/IP
EVC/PW/IP
EVC/PW/IP
EVC/PW/IP
EVC/PW/IP
EVC/PW/IP
EVC/PW/IP
EVC/PW/IP
EVC/PW/IP
Transport
Technology
Evolution
LSP
LSP
LSP
BW growth
fewer LSPs
LSP
LSP
>0.5 Gb/s
LSP
LSP
LSP
Ethernet
Ethernet

23. Conclusions
Standardisation happens at the forefront of technology: just before market introduction
ITU can help leverage the knowledge of academic environment
Good reserach alone is insufficient: dissemination of results via standards increases payback
ITU-T SG 15 welcomes new ideas and new people and organisations to remain in leading position
SG 15 is happy to organize brainstorming sessions to make experts familiar with new trends: proposals are welcome
Formalities exist, but are limited. Secreteriat is there to help
Next plenary meeting: Febr in Geneva
Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010