1. GSI Future Facility Walter F. Henning March 2003, LEAP03 Introduction Facility Layout and Characteristics Scientific Areas and Goals Research with Antiprotons Summary

2. GSI Future Facility UNILAC SIS FRS ESR 100 m SIS 100/200 HESR Super FRS NESR CR

3. Present GSI Facility UNILAC SIS FRS ESR Energies: Unilac < 20 MeV/u SIS 1-2 GeV/u ESR < 0.8 GeV/u Parameters Accelerator Parameters 3 Injectors HSI: 8 mA Ar 1+ 18 mA Ar 10+ 15 mA U 4+ 2,5 mA U 28+ 0,5 mA U 73+ Upgrade towards the Future Facility Freqency (power):0.3 Hz 3 Hz Space charge reduction (vacuum): U 73+ U 28+

4. GSI Facility Characteristics

5. Primary Beams 10 12 /s; 1.5 GeV/u; 238 U 28+ Factor 100-1000 over present in intensity 2(4)x10 13 /s 30 GeV protons 10 10 /s 238 U 73+ up to 25 (- 35) GeV/u GSI Facility Characteristics

6. Primary Beams 10 12 /s; 1.5 GeV/u; 238 U 28+ Factor 100-1000 over present in intensity 2(4)x10 13 /s 30 GeV protons 10 10 /s 238 U 73+ up to 25 (- 35) GeV/u Secondary Beams Broad range of radioactive beams up to 1.5 - 2 GeV/u; up to factor 10 000 in intensity over present Antiprotons 3 (0) - 30 GeV Cooled beams Rapidly cycling superconducting magnets Key Technical Features Storage and Cooler Rings Radioactive beams e – A collider 10 11 stored and cooled 0.8 - 14.5 GeV antiprotons GSI Facility Characteristics

7. SIS 100/200 2T, 4T/s4 (6)T, 1 (2)T/s FuE: Pulsed superconducting magnets

8. Collector (CR) and Storage Rings (NESR) for Ions and Antiprotons Storage Rings

9. HESR - High Energy Storage Ring 10 11 stored antiprotons 0.8 - 14.5 GeV L = 2 x 10 32  p/p ≥ 10 -5  x/x ≥ 100  m Characteristics

10. electron collector electron gun high voltage platform magnetic field electron beam ion beam electron collector electron gun high voltage platform magnetic field electron beam ion beam Storage Rings: Cooled Ion Beams

11. electron collector electron gun high voltage platform magnetic field electron beam ion beam Storage Rings: Cooled Ion Beams

12. electron collector electron gun high voltage platform magnetic field electron beam ion beam Storage Rings: Cooled Ion Beams

13. electron collector electron gun high voltage platform magnetic field electron beam ion beam Storage Rings: Cooled Ion Beams

14. electron collector electron gun high voltage platform magnetic field electron beam ion beam Storage Rings: Cooled Ion Beams 0.97 1 1.03 rel. ion velocity v/v 0 ion intensity before cooling after cooling

15. electron collector electron gun high voltage platform magnetic field electron beam ion beam Storage Rings: Cooled Ion Beams 0.97 1 1.03 rel. ion velocity v/v 0 ion intensity before cooling after cooling

16. electron collector electron gun high voltage platform magnetic field electron beam ion beam Storage Rings: Cooled Ion Beams 0.97 1 1.03 rel. ion velocity v/v 0 ion intensity before cooling after cooling

17. electron collector electron gun high voltage platform magnetic field electron beam ion beam Storage Rings: Cooled Ion Beams 0.97 1 1.03 rel. ion velocity v/v 0 ion intensity before cooling after cooling

18. electron collector electron gun high voltage platform magnetic field electron beam ion beam Storage Rings: Cooled Ion Beams 0.97 1 1.03 rel. ion velocity v/v 0 ion intensity before cooling after cooling frequency [Hz] noise power density a.u.

19. electron collector electron gun high voltage platform magnetic field electron beam ion beam Storage Rings: Cooled Ion Beams 0.97 1 1.03 rel. ion velocity v/v 0 ion intensity before cooling after cooling

20. electron collector electron gun high voltage platform magnetic field electron beam ion beam Storage Rings: Cooled Ion Beams 0.97 1 1.03 rel. ion velocity v/v 0 ion intensity before cooling after cooling

21. electron collector electron gun high voltage platform magnetic field electron beam ion beam Storage Rings: Cooled Ion Beams 0.97 1 1.03 rel. ion velocity v/v 0 ion intensity before cooling after cooling

22. electron collector electron gun high voltage platform magnetic field electron beam ion beam Storage Rings: Cooled Ion Beams 0.97 1 1.03 rel. ion velocity v/v 0 ion intensity before cooling after cooling

23. 0% 50% 100% Radioactive Beams Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions Antiprotons Plasma-Physics 100 Tm Ring 200 Tm Ring Collector & Storage Ring High-Energy Storage Ring Nucleus-Nucleus 100 sec Radioactive Beams Plasma Physics Antiprotons Duty-Cycles of the Accelerator Rings Duty-Cycles of the Physics Programs Parallel Operation

24. Summary of Research Areas at the GSI Future Facility Structure and Dynamics of Nuclei - Radioactive Beams Nucleonic matter Nuclear astrophysics Fundamental symmetries Proton-rich nuclei Proton radioactivity Proton - neutron pairing Isospin symmetry Tests of standard model and symmetries Nucleosynthesis Neutron-rich nuclei Neutron drip line Shell quenching Skins and halos Loosley bound systems Soft collective modes Nucleosynthesis Superheavy elements Shell stabilization Long-lived nuclei

25. Summary of Research Areas at the GSI Future Facility Structure and Dynamics of Nuclei - Radioactive Beams Nucleonic matter Nuclear astrophysics Fundamental symmetries Proton number Z Accreting white dwarf Nova Cygni 1992 Sun Elements in our solar system Neutron number N

26. Summary of Research Areas at the GSI Future Facility Structure and Dynamics of Nuclei - Radioactive Beams Nucleonic matter Nuclear astrophysics Fundamental symmetries

27. Summary of Research Areas at the GSI Future Facility Structure and Dynamics of Nuclei - Radioactive Beams Nucleonic matter Nuclear astrophysics Fundamental symmetries Hadron Structure and Quark-Gluon Dynamics - Antiprotons Non-pertubative QCD Quark-gluon degrees of freedom Confinement and chiral symmetry

28. Summary of Research Areas at the GSI Future Facility Structure and Dynamics of Nuclei - Radioactive Beams Nucleonic matter Nuclear astrophysics Fundamental symmetries Hadron Structure and Quark-Gluon Dynamics - Antiprotons Non-pertubative QCD Quark-gluon degrees of freedom Confinement and chiral symmetry

29. Summary of Research Areas at the GSI Future Facility Structure and Dynamics of Nuclei - Radioactive Beams Nucleonic matter Nuclear astrophysics Fundamental symmetries Hadron Structure and Quark-Gluon Dynamics Non-pertubative QCD Quark-gluon degrees of freedom Confinement and chiral symmetry Nuclear Matter and the Quark-Gluon Plasma - Relativistic HI - Beams Nuclear phase diagram Compressed nuclear/strange matter Deconfinement and chiral symmetry

30. Summary of Research Areas at the GSI Future Facility Structure and Dynamics of Nuclei - Radioactive Beams Nucleonic matter Nuclear astrophysics Fundamental symmetries Hadron Structure and Quark-Gluon Dynamics - Antiprotons Non-pertubative QCD Quark-gluon degrees of freedom Confinement and chiral symmetry Nuclear Matter and the Quark-Gluon Plasma - Relativistic HI - Beams Nuclear phase diagram Compressed nuclear/strange matter Deconfinement and chiral symmetry

31. Summary of Research Areas at the GSI Future Facility Structure and Dynamics of Nuclei - Radioactive Beams Nucleonic matter Nuclear astrophysics Fundamental symmetries Hadron Structure and Quark-Gluon Dynamics - Antiprotons Non-pertubative QCD Quark-gluon degrees of freedom Confinement and chiral symmetry Nuclear Matter and the Quark-Gluon Plasma - Relativistic HI - Beams Nuclear phase diagram Compressed nuclear/strange matter Deconfinement and chiral symmetry Physics of Dense Bulk Matter - Bunch Compression Properties of high density plasmas Phase transitions and equation of state Laser - ion interaction with and in plasmas

32. Summary of Research Areas at the GSI Future Facility Structure and Dynamics of Nuclei - Radioactive Beams Nucleonic matter Nuclear astrophysics Fundamental symmetries Hadron Structure and Quark-Gluon Dynamics - Antiprotons Non-pertubative QCD Quark-gluon degrees of freedom Confinement and chiral symmetry Nuclear Matter and the Quark-Gluon Plasma - Relativistic HI - Beams Nuclear phase diagram Compressed nuclear/strange matter Deconfinement and chiral symmetry Physics of Dense Plasmas and Bulk Matter - Bunch Compression Properties of high density plasmas Phase transitions and equation of state Laser - ion interaction with and in plasmas SIS 18 Ion Beam Heating Jupiter Sun Surface Magnetic Fusion solid state density Temperature [eV] Density [cm -3 ] Laser Heating PHELIX Ideal plasmas Strongly coupled plasmas Sun Core Inertial Cofinement Fusion

33. Summary of Research Areas at the GSI Future Facility Structure and Dynamics of Nuclei - Radioactive Beams Nucleonic matter Nuclear astrophysics Fundamental symmetries Hadron Structure and Quark-Gluon Dynamics - Antiprotons Non-pertubative QCD Quark-gluon degrees of freedom Confinement and chiral symmetry Nuclear Matter and the Quark-Gluon Plasma Nuclear phase diagram Compressed nuclear/strange matter Deconfinement and chiral symmetry Physics of Dense Plasmas and Bulk Matter - Bunch Compression Properties of high density plasmas Phase transitions and equation of state Laser - ion interaction with and in plasmas Ultra High EM-Fields and Applications - Ions & Petawatt Laser QED and critical fields Ion - laser interaction Ion - matter interaction SIS 18 Ion Beam Heating Jupiter Sun Surface Magnetic Fusion solid state density Temperature [eV] Density [cm -3 ] Laser Heating PHELIX Ideal plasmas Strongly coupled plasmas Sun Core Inertial Cofinement Fusion

34. Summary of Research Areas at the GSI Future Facility Structure and Dynamics of Nuclei - Radioactive Beams Nucleonic matter Nuclear astrophysics Fundamental symmetries Hadron Structure and Quark-Gluon Dynamics - Antiprotons Non-pertubative QCD Quark-gluon degrees of freedom Confinement and chiral symmetry Nuclear Matter and the Quark-Gluon Plasma - Relativistic HI - Beams Nuclear phase diagram Compressed nuclear/strange matter Deconfinement and chiral symmetry Physics of Dense Plasmas and Bulk Matter - Bunch Compression Properties of high density plasmas Phase transitions and equation of state Laser - ion interaction with and in plasmas Ultra High EM-Fields and Applications - Ions & Petawatt Laser QED and critical fields Ion - laser interaction Ion - matter interaction SIS 18 Ion Beam Heating Jupiter Sun Surface Magnetic Fusion solid state density Temperature [eV] Density [cm -3 ] Laser Heating PHELIX Ideal plasmas Strongly coupled plasmas Sun Core Inertial Cofinement Fusion

35. HESR - High Energy Storage Ring 10 11 stored antiprotons 0.8 - 14.5 GeV L = 2 x 10 32  p/p ≥ 10 -5  x/x ≥ 100  m Characteristics

36. Quark-Gluon Structure of Hadrons

37. Confining potentiales Quark-Gluon Structure of Hadrons

38. Confinement Quark-Gluon Structure of Hadrons

39. Confinement Quark-Gluon Structure of Hadrons Mass of hadrons

40. Confinement Quark-Gluon Structure of Hadrons Mass of hadrons

41. Confinement Quark-Gluon Structure of Hadrons Mass of hadrons    p - beams SIS 18 SIS 200 T [MeV] 300 LHC RHIC SPS Chiral symmetry and quark condensate

42. Confinement Quark-Gluon Structure of Hadrons Mass of hadrons Chiral symmetry    p - beams SIS 18 SIS 200 T [MeV] 300 LHC RHIC SPS |

43. Confinement Quark-Gluon Structure of Hadrons Mass of hadrons Chiral symmetry    p - beams SIS 18 SIS 200 T [MeV] 300 LHC RHIC SPS | Glueballs Hybrids qqg ggg HybridGlueball Normal meson: 2 fermions P = (-1) L+1 C = (-1) L+S Excited glue: bosonic degree of freedom → exotic quantum numbers eg. J PC =1 -+, 0 --, 0 +-, 2 +- … → normal quantum numbers Signal: exotic quantum numbers: partial wave analysis normal quantum numbers: model comparison (LGT) mixing with normal mesons charm sector: few resonances with small widths qq Meson

44. Confinement Quark-Gluon Structure of Hadrons Mass of hadrons Chiral symmetry    p - beams SIS 18 SIS 200 T [MeV] 300 LHC RHIC SPS | Glueballs / Hybrids qqgqq

45. Confinement Quark-Gluon Structure of Hadrons Mass of hadrons Chiral symmetry    p - beams SIS 18 SIS 200 T [MeV] 300 LHC RHIC SPS | Glueballs / Hybrids qqgqq Double Strangeness

46. Confinement Quark-Gluon Structure of Hadrons Mass of hadrons Chiral symmetry    p - beams SIS 18 SIS 200 T [MeV] 300 LHC RHIC SPS | Glueballs / Hybrids qqgqq Double Strangeness

47. Confinement Quark-Gluon Structure of Hadrons Mass of hadrons Chiral symmetry    p - beams SIS 18 SIS 200 T [MeV] 300 LHC RHIC SPS | Glueballs / Hybrids qqgqq Double Strangeness Two-body Thresholds Molecules Gluonic Excitation Mesons Light Mesons Charmonium p momentum [GeV/c] Mass [GeV/c 2 ] Energy (mass) range covered by new GSI facility

48. Confinement Quark-Gluon Structure of Hadrons Mass of hadrons Chiral symmetry    p - beams SIS 18 SIS 200 T [MeV] 300 LHC RHIC SPS | Glueballs / Hybrids qqgqq Double Strangeness Two-body Thresholds Molecules Gluonic Excitation Mesons Light Mesons Charmonium p momentum [GeV/c] Mass [GeV/c 2 ]

49. Confinement Quark-Gluon Structure of Hadrons Mass of hadrons Chiral symmetry    p - beams SIS 18 SIS 200 T [MeV] 300 LHC RHIC SPS | Glueballs / Hybrids qqgqq Double Strangeness Two-body Thresholds Molecules Gluonic Excitation Mesons Light Mesons Charmonium p momentum [GeV/c] Mass [GeV/c 2 ] HESR - High Energy Storage Ring

50. Confinement Quark-Gluon Structure of Hadrons Mass of hadrons Chiral symmetry    p - beams SIS 18 SIS 200 T [MeV] 300 LHC RHIC SPS | Glueballs / Hybrids qqgqq Double Strangeness Two-body Thresholds Molecules Gluonic Excitation Mesons Light Mesons Charmonium p momentum [GeV/c] Mass [GeV/c 2 ]

51. Confinement Quark-Gluon Structure of Hadrons Mass of hadrons Chiral symmetry    p - beams SIS 18 SIS 200 T [MeV] 300 LHC RHIC SPS | Glueballs / Hybrids qqgqq Double Strangeness Two-body Thresholds Molecules Gluonic Excitation Mesons Light Mesons Charmonium p momentum [GeV/c] Mass [GeV/c 2 ] HESR Detector

52. Storage Rings Positron-Antiproton Scattering (~1 GeV c.m.)  Structure Functions etc.  CPT Invariance

54. Storage Rings

55. Electroweak Force Electromagnetic Force QED Weak Force Standard Model Strong Force QCD Gravitational Force General Relativity galaxy 10 21 m matter 10 -1 m crystal 10 -9 m atom 10 -10 m atomic nucleus 10 -14 m electron nucleon 10 -15 m <10 -18 m quark DNA 10 -8 m Structure of Matter Research with Beams of Hadrons and Ions Ion-Matter Interactions Dense Plasmas Ultra High EM Fields Nuclei at the Extremes Quark Gluon Structure of Hadrons Quark Matter quark-gluon plasma excited vacuum HI Beams  12 TW/g RIBs  1.5 - 2 GeV/u Antiprotons 0-15(30) GeV Relativ. HI  35 GeV/u

56. COSTS Building and infrastructure:225 Mio. € Accelerator:265 Mio. € Experimental stations / detectors: 185 Mio. € Total:675 Mio. € SCHEDULE Users interest Users, Costs and Schedules

57. Concept for Staged Construction of the International Facility for Beams of Ions and Antiprotons Total Costs: 675 Million Euro

58. Major Milestones of the GSI Future Facility 1996 - 1999 Workshops and Working Groups 2001 Conceptual Design Report 2001 Review of Project by the Science Council (Wissenschaftsrat) of the German Government 2002 Recommendation for Realization by the Wissenschaftsrat 2001 - 2002 Workshops and Formation of the Proto-Collaborations 2003 Cabinet Decision of the Federal Government to Fund the Project (with: a) staging and b) 25% external contributions)

59. Activities in Connection with the GSI Plans Working Groups on Long-Term Perspectives of GSI Deep-inelastic electron-nucleon and electron-nucleus scattering at  s = 20 – 30 GeV Conveners: V. Metag (GSI), D. v. Harrach (Mainz), A. Schäfer (Frankfurt) X-ray spectroscopy and radiation physics Conveners: J. Kluge (GSI), H. Backe (Mainz), G. Soff (Dresden) Nuclear collisions at maximum baryon density Conveners: P. Braun-Munzinger (GSI), R. Stock (Frankfurt), J. P. Blaizot (Saclay) Physics with secondary beams Conveners: U. Lynen (GSI), D. Frekers (Münster), J. Wambach (Darmstadt) Nuclear structure with radioactive beams Conveners: G. Münzenberg (GSI), D. Habs (LMU München), H. Lenske (Gießen), P. Ring (TU München) Plasma physics with heavy ion beams Conveners: R. Bock (GSI), D.H.H. Hoffmann (Erlangen), J. Meyer-ter-Vehn (IPP München) Accelerator studies (electron-nucleon/nucleus collider) Conveners: K. Blasche (GSI), J. Maidment (DESY), B. Autin (CERN), N. S. Dikansky (Novosibirsk) Accelerator studies (high intensity option) Convener: D. Böhne (GSI) Short Pulse/High Power Lasers Convener: J. Kluge (GSI) Letter of Intent: "Construction of a GLUE/CHARM Factory at GSI" Editorial Board:B. Franzke (GSI) P. Kienle (Munich) H. Koch (Bochum) W. Kühn (Giessen) V. Metag (Giessen) U. Wiedner (CERN & Uppsala) Contributions from W. Cassing (Giessen), S. Paul (Munich), J. Pochodzalla (Heidelberg), M. Soyeur (Saclay) and J. Wambach (Darmstadt) and many members of the Hadron Working Group for GSI. 25 Workshops on science and technical aspects of the GSI future facility Evaluation of the German Wissenschaftsrat “Stellungnahme zu neun Großgeräten der naturwissenschaftlichen Grundlagenforschung und zur Weiterentwicklung der Investitionsplanung von Großgeräten“

60. Contributors to the CDR

61. GSI - Future Facility Physics of Hadrons and Nuclei Future Facilities in Europe ERA European Research Area