1. Static Electricity 2 Laws of Static Charges
Law of attraction = particles with opposite charges attract each other
Law of repulsion = particles with “like charges” (same charges) repel each other

2. Electrical Discharge
When an object is charged, it stays that way until the electrons have a path to escape
When charges are transferred VERY quickly this is called ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE
Sparks are an example of this
Lightning is an a VERY large electrical discharge
The air becomes a passage for electrons to travel and causes a spark

3. What makes the light and Crackling Sound during a spark?
Collisions between air particles and moving electrons!
- when your negatively charged hand reaches for the neutral doorknob, the excess electrons transfer
due to induction

4. GROUNDING
Removing excess charge on an object through electron transfer
Connecting a charged
object to the Earth’s surface
When you connect a charged
object to the ground = a
path for charges to travel
to and from the ground

5. Electrical Insulators and Conductors
Insulators: resists or blocks movement of electrons Ex: wood, rubber, plastic Conductors: allows movement of electrons through Ex: copper and aluminum

6. Electrostatic Series

7. Triboelectric Series

8. Electron Affinity The tendency of a substance to hold onto electrons
Using the Electrostatic series, how can we determine which charge will the following substances get after they have been rubbed together?

9. Ebonite Rod and Fur

10. Glass and Silk

11. HOW CAN OBJECTS BECOME CHARGED?

12. CHARGING BY FRICTION

14. CHARGING BY FRICTION
two objects rub together, the force removes electrons from one object and transfers them to the other object
Object that lost electrons = positively charged
Object that gained electrons = negatively charged

15. CHARGING BY CONTACT

16. CHARGING BY INDUCTION

17. Grounding the Object Using a Water Tap or your Finger

18. References
A Dercho
Investigating Science 9 -Pearson