1. ITU-T Standardization and other key ITU Activities La Havana, Cuba, 8-9 February 2011 Bridging The Standardization Gap (BSG) Paolo Rosa ITU

2. Outline Defining the standardization gap Measuring and evaluating the gap ITU-T bridging the gap

3. Digital Divide Standardization Gap & Participation Relationship Digital Divide ------------------------------------------- Increase Participation & Capacity Building Standardization Gap & Poor Access to Technologies

4. Standardisation and Standards Standardisation Key building block for building a globally connected society Importance of standards Foster innovation Competition Enable interoperability "Global standards create a positive user experience. They help to satisfy consumers' expectations that technology products will work together easily. – Justin Rattner, Intel 4

5. The Standardization Gap It is defined as disparities in the ability of developing countries, relative to developed ones, to access, implement, contribute to and influence international ICT standards, specifically ITU T Recommendations. The standardization development gap is itself both a cause and a manifestation of the wider digital divide It contributes to the persistence of the wider digital divide. 5

6. The concept of Opportunity Index to measure the information society Infodensity ICT capital [telecommunication network infrastructures (fixed, mobile, internet) and of ICT, including equipment (cables, routers, etc), Info-use Three indicators: Internet users every 100 inhabitants PC owners every 100 inhabitants Houses and TV sets proportion disparity

7. Framework for BSG PP-10 Resolution 123 Recognizing the continued shortage of human resources in the standardization field of developing countries, resulting in a low level of developing country participation in ITU-T and ITU-R meetings … Resolution 44 (WTSA-08): Action Plan Strengthening standards-making capabilities Assisting ITU-D in enhancing application of standards Human resource building Flagship groups for bridging the gap BSG Fund Resolution 47 (WTDC-10) Enhancement of knowledge and effective application of ITU Recommendations in developing countries, increase capacity building opportunities for interoperability 7

8. ITU-T Mandate to Bridging the Gap PP-06 (Res. 123), WTSA-04/08 Resolutions 44, 17, 54, 59, 74 ITU-T mandated to bridge the standardization gap between developing and developed countries Mandated actions include: Improve standards making capabilities Assisting in enhancing efforts in standards applications Human resource building Establish a flagship group for bridging the gap BSG fundraising

9. How can countries bridge the gap? Bridging the standardization development gap requires a sequence of steps, depending on the level of: economic development local manufacturing capability local R&D capability previous engagement with ITU These steps can be conceptualized in terms of a Ladder of Standardization Development 9 Growing usage of ITU Recommendations ITU Sector or Associate Membership National training and capacity-building in use of ITU Recommendations Going to Study Groups and related meetings Entering proposals at WTSA on future study questions and work programmes Nominating representatives as study group chairs, vice- chairs.rapporteurs, focus group chairs etc Giving contributions at Study Groups and related meetings Attracting ITU meetings and/or regional groups (Res 54)

10. How can countries bridge the gap? 8 - Entering proposals at WTSA on future study questions and work programmes 7 - Nominating representatives as SG chairs, vicechairs, Rapporteurs, focus group chairs, etc 6 - Giving contributions at SGs and related meetings 5 - Attracting ITU meetings and/or regional groups 4 - Going to SGs and related meetings 3 - ITU Sector Membership and Associate status 2 - National training and capacity-building in use of ITU Recommendations 1 - Growing usage of ITU-T Recommendations 10

11. Recs Implem Commitment Where are you positioned ? MEDIUM Rapp Editor SG/TSAG VChair WP Ch Read Recs LOW SG, GSI Particip WS, FG Particip HIGH Strategic role SG/TSAG Contr SG, TSAG Chairs WTSA Mgmt & Contributions

12. Outline Defining the standardization gap Measuring and evaluating the gap ITU-T bridging the gap

13. ITU-T Research : Measuring and Reducing the Gap Assess the standards development capability of developing countries Supported by a grant from Korea Communications Commission. Survey questionnaire sent to all developing countries Case Studies done for 9 nine countries Report published in December 2009. http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-T/gap/Pages/default.aspx 13

14. ITU-T Research : Measuring and Reducing the Gap Standards Development Capability Government Standards Policy Standardisation Human Resources National Standards Use and Adoption 14

15. National Standards Capability Scale 15

16. Measuring the Gap - 2 Possible criteria: Number of downloads of ITU-T Recommendations from website Number of TIES* users Number of Sector Members and Associates Number of Study Group Chairmen and Rapporteurs from developing countries Number of participants in meetings and their contributions by country Questionnaires to Membership * TIES: Telecommunication Information Exchange Service: set of networked information resources and services offered by ITU to its Members

17. TIES Accounts

18. ITU-T meetings data

19. Study groups officials

20. Contributions submitted SGs

21. Membership and Participants in ITU-T meetings

22. Outline Defining the standardization gap Measuring and evaluating the gap ITU-T bridging the gap

23. ITU-T Activities to Bridge the Gap Improve standards making capabilities Assist in enhancing efforts in standards applications Human resource building Establish regional groups for bridging the gap Set up BSG Fund

24. Improve Standards Making Capabilities Research on measuring and reducing the gap Free access to ITU-T Standards Increase remote participation and collaboration Admission of Sector Members and Associates from developing countries Increase number of officials from developing countries in ITU-T Study Groups Increase SG meetings in the regions Implement Res. 76/47 on capacity building and creation of test labs in the regions

25. New Membership Category for Academia and Sector members from developing countries (Res. 71 and Res. 74) PP-10 endorsed recommendation to introduce new membership categories for academia and reduced fee for companies from LDCs. Academia and research institutions Developed Countries : CHF 3,975 Developing Countries : CHF 1,987 LDCs Sector Members CHF 3,975 25

26. Assist in enhancing applications of standards Publication of Manuals on applications of ITU-T Recommendations E.g Fibre Optic Manual, ITU-T Security Manual. Workshops on Standardisation 2 BSG workshops were held in Fiji in September 2009 and another in Cyberjaya, Malaysia in June 2010, to provide best practices and guidance on improving national standards readiness. 3 BSG workshops planned in 2011. 26

27. Human Resource Building Capacity Building ITU-T Recommendations Better understanding of the ITU-T Recommendations, how to design and implement projects choosing the most appropriate equipment according to the state-of-the art. ITU-T Tutorial on Optical Fibre Cables and Systems Based on the handbook of SG15 Tutors leading experts from industry contributing to write handbooks and standards Simulated Study Group Meetings Fellowships provided to representatives of developing countries 27

28. Regional presence ITU-T Workshop on "Delivering Good Quality Telecommunication Service in a Safe Environment in Africa" Nairobi, Kenya, 26-27 July 2010 3 Regional ITU Consultations on Conformance Assessment and Interoperability for the Americas, Africa and Asia Pacific Regions (Quito, Nairobi, Sydney) ITU-T Workshop on Bridging the Standardization Gap and Interactive Training Session Cyberjaya, Sleangor, Malaysia, 29 June - 01 July 2010 ITU-T Workshop ICTs: Building the green city of the future Shanghai, China, 14 May 2010the green city of the future ITU-T Study Group 5 Buenos Aires, Argentina 12-16 April 2010 ITU-T Study Groups 11 and 13 and IPTV-GSI Mar del Plata, Argentina 2-12 September 2009 ITU Symposium on ICTs and Climate Change and Forum on "Implementation of decisions of the World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA-08) Quito, Ecuador, 7-10 July 2009 Tutorial on Optical Fiber systems – Kigali, Rwanda Sept 2010 India, Egypt, Sri Lanka, USA, Italy, China, Malaysia, …. 28

29. 29 Fig.1 - Geographical repartition of Events Fig.2 - Geographical repartition of Days 2010 Events worldwide

30. Increase participation and collaboration (1/3) Workshops, seminars and other events Regional Groups and meetings SG2 Group for Arab Region (Operational aspects) SG3 Groups for Asia and Oceania, Africa, Europe and Mediterranean, Latin America and Caribbean (Tariff and accounting principles) SG12 for Africa (Performance, QoS, QoE) Block Meetings Flagship Groups Promote remote collaboration and participation

31. Increase participation and collaboration (2/3) Cooperation with regional organizations: CITEL, RCC, APT, ASTAP, ATU, LAS,… One meeting per year per region Topics decided by the Membership, corresponding to any ITU-T Study Group Official status as generator of contributions to parent Study Groups TSB provides secretarial support, EDH facilities as any other SG meeting

32. Increase participation and collaboration (3/3) Flagship Group Americas (WTSA-08 Res. 44, Annex, Programme 4) Create permanent regional standards awareness Offer training on standardization, produce and provide training materials, manuals, audio/video material Translate ITU-T material Support remote or direct participation of experts in ITU-T activities Creation of regional Testing & Calibration labs Invite regulators to put in place mechanisms to consider international standards when preparing national technical regulations

33. Regional Groups (WTSA-08 Res. 54) Regional Groups and meetings SG2 Group for Arab Region SG3 Groups for Asia and Oceania, Africa, Europe and Mediterranean, Latin America and Caribbean (Tariff and accounting principles) SG12 for Africa (Performance, QoS)

34. ITU-T Activities to Bridging the Gap Increase visibility, information, awareness, participation and collaboration Admission of Sector Members and Associates from developing countries Increase number of officials in ITU-T Study Groups Increase SG meetings in the regions Create regional groups Implement Res. 76 on capacity building and creation of test labs in the regions

35. 35 Workshops: New work, new blood, new friends Outreach to non ITU audience Can result in new work eg Identity Management Partnerships: IETF, IEEE, OASIS, Grid Forum, ISO, IEC 2005-8 of 78 workshops 18 in PASC area. Remote participation now possible Future more workshops North America and Europe Joint ITU and IETF workshop on NGN, 2005

36. BSG Fund BSG Fund set up in 2008 Objective Facilitate the participation of developing countries in the standards development process Allow developing countries to profit from access to new technology development Ensure that the requirements of developing countries are taken into account in the development of standards CHF 288,000 Korea Communications Commission, Nokia Siemens Networks, Microsoft, Cisco

37. Conclusions Bridging the Standardization Gap requires efforts from ITU and its Membership Increase the use of ITU-T Recommendations, membership and participation of developing countries Capacity building on standardisation Increase participation in Study Groups, workshops, meetings and number of contributions

38. Resolutions and Resources ITU-T Research Project: Measuring and Reducing the Standards Gap (December 2009) Bridging the Standardization Gap Activity Report (June 2010) Summary of Questionnaire on Bridging the Standardization Gap (June 2008) WTSA-08 Resolution 44: Bridging the standardization gap between developing and developed countries WTSA-08 Resolution 17: Telecommunication standardization in relation to the interests of developing countries WTSA-08 Resolution 59: Enhancing participation of telecommunication operators from developing countries Report on the outcome of the Global Standards Symposium (GSS) (October 2008; requires TIES account) PP-06 Resolution 123: Bridging the standardization gap between developing and developed countries TSAG 07/08 TD 610 Rev.1: Bridging the Standardization Gap (requires TIES account) TSAG 02/07 TD 417: Draft Report of the Group on Bridging the Standardization Gap (requires TIES account)

39. Thank you