1. 上海天文台 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory e-VLBI Progress in China Zhang Xiuzhong, team of Chinese VLBI Network Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences

2. 上海天文台 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Outline 1. Introduction 2. e-VLBI Facility Development in China 3. some e-VLBI Observation results 4. Future Plan for e-VLBI in China

3. 上海天文台 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory 1. Introduction science Year 1970, we started to study and try to develop the VLBI technologies in China; in Year 1987, 25 m telescope in Sheshan Station in Year 1994, 25 m telescope in Nanshan Station a 3m Mobile VLBI station is available in 1999 First fringe of 2 station FX correlator in 2000

4. 上海天文台 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory in Year 2001, started to discuss about lunar prospect project in China. There are problems to use current Chinese R & RR satellite tracking system to do lunar probe tracking. a good opportunity for Chinese astronomer to use VLBI system to do lunar probe tracking

5. 上海天文台 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory With Chinese Lunar Project, we have a chance to upgrade our VLBI system: 1.two new telescopes ( 50m and 40m ) 2.improve the station instruments 3.create a data processing center (include hardware and software correlator) 4.the network for e-VLBI 2. e-VLBI Facility Development in China

6. 上海天文台 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory A New Correlator 2006 1993 1987 May 17, 2006 May 11, 2006 Chinese VLBI Network

7. 上海天文台 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Specifications of Chinese VLBI stations NameLocation Antenna diameter (m) Band (GHz) VLBI Terminal Network Connect (Data Rate) Available Sheshan Near Shanghai 25 0.3, 1.6, 2.3, 5.0, 8.4, 22 VLBA, MKIV,S2, MKV 80Mbps1987 Nanshan Near Urumqi 25 0.3, 1.6, 2.3, 5.0, 8.4, 22 MKIV, K4, MKV 16Mbps1994 Mobile VLBI Kunming 32.3, 8.4 S2, MKIV2Mbps1999 Kunming 402.3, 8.4 MKIV, MKV16Mbps2006 Miyun Near Beijing 502.3, 8.4 MKIV, MKV16Mbps2006

8. 上海天文台 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Sheshan 天线

9. 上海天文台 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory NanShan

10. 上海天文台 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Miyun

11. 上海天文台 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Kunming

12. 上海天文台 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Data processing Center

13. 上海天文台 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory The network connecting

14. 上海天文台 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory New Antenna servo system in Seshan station

15. 上海天文台 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory New S/X band Cryogenic Receivers in Seshan Station

16. 上海天文台 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory New S/X band Cryogenic Receivers in Nanshan Station

17. 上海天文台 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory 3. e-VLBI Observation experiments Narrow band real time test observation with different spacecraft. Different orbit spacecraft have been observed with VLBI system. i.e. GEO, TC-1, TC-2, SMART-1, deep space probe

18. 上海天文台 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Spacecraft TT&C Signal Characteristics Narrow bandwidth several hundred KHz Relative strong signal to noise rate Special signal spectrum with special structure The dynamic range of signal amplitude relative large

19. 上海天文台 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory SMART-1 tracking with 4 Chinese VLBI stations 16Mbps in real time mode, 256Mbps in non real time mode. The result delay time: 1.5 – 2 minutes after observe time for 1 min. data

20. 上海天文台 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory SMART-1 tracking with 4 Chinese VLBI stations

21. 上海天文台 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory SMART-1 tracking with 4 Chinese VLBI stations RFI

22. 上海天文台 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory The residual delay and delay rate, compare with ESA reconstructed orbit. black for the results with hardware correlator and red for software correlator SMART-1 tracking with 4 Chinese VLBI stations residual delayresidual delay rate

23. 上海天文台 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory zero-baseline test results

24. 上海天文台 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory NUMBER MEAN (m) RMS (m) Baseline 6462 0.0011/3.0405 1.9539/3.6147 SH － BJ 5502 -0.6249/0.9465 1.6972/1.8163 SH － KM 5329 -0.7947/-2.5548 1.6538/2.9382 SH － UR 5858 0.1180/-1.8950 1.4796/2.3543 BJ － KM 5669 -0.0973/-5.2185 1.5870/5.4488 BJ － UR 5813 -0.2839/-3.4917 1.0780/3.6433 KM － UR Red: new results Green: old results

25. 上海天文台 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Future Plans Make system calibrate for our VLBI stations upgrade our network system, depend on the requirement of astronomy, geodesy and spacecraft tracking Prepare to do the near real time orbit tracking of CE-1 (Chinese lunar project, will be launched in 2007)

26. 上海天文台 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Thank You !