1. ITU-T technical results in IMT-2000 Studies: Mobile Network Evolution
Greg Jones,
ITU-T
June, 2002, Lisbon

2. A View of Terminal Mobility Versus Personal Mobility
must carry a wireless terminal
must be within radio coverage
Network
wireless
Personal mobility
need not carry a terminal
must have a personal number
Network
wireline
A View of Terminal Mobility Versus Personal Mobility

4. ITU-T Recommendations could be found at http://www.itu.int
Q (04/02) – IMT-2000 References to Release 1999 of GSM evolved UMTS Core Network with UTRAN Access Network
Q.1701 (03/99) - Framework for IMT-2000 Networks
Q.1711 (03/99) - Network Functional Model for IMT‑2000
Q.1721 (06/00) - Information Flows for IMT‑2000 CS‑1

5. ITU-T Recommendations could be found at http://www.itu.int
Q.1731 (06/00) - Radio Technology Independent Requirements for IMT‑2000 Layer 2 Radio Interface
Q.1751(06/00) - Internetwork Signalling Requirements for IMT‑2000 Capability Set 1
Supplement 30 (12/00) to ITU‑T Recommendation Q Framework for IMT-2000 Networks - Roadmap to IMT-2000 Recommendations, Standards and Technical Specifications

6. ITU-T Recommendations could be found at http://www.itu.int
E.164/I.331 (05/97) - The international public telecommunication numbering plan
E.190 (05/97) - Principles and responsibilities for the management, assignment and reclamation of E-Series international numbering resources
E.212 (11/98) - The international identification plan for mobile terminals and mobile users
H.323 (11/00) – Packed-based multimedia communications systems

7. ITU-T Recommendations could be found at http://www.itu.int
Annex H to Rec. H.323 (2001) – Users, terminal and service mobility in H.323
Annex I to Rec. H.323 (2001) – Terminal mobility in H.323 (Error prone channels)
Annex E to Rec. H.246 (11/00) – Use of H.323 terminals in the PLMN
Recommendation G.729 and its Annexes (Rev.) – Coding of speech at 8kbit/s using CS-ACELP (conjugate – structure, algebraic-code- excited liner prediction) (03/96)
H.323 (V4 –02/00) – Packet based multi-media communication systems

8. ITU-T Recommendations could be found at http://www.itu.int
Recommendation H.450 series – Generic functional protocol for the support of supplementary services in H.323
H.245 (V6 - 02/00) – control protocol for multimedia communication
H.332 (09/98) – Multimedia terminal for security Internet-based H.323 conferences
H.235 (V2 - 11/00) – Security and encryption for H-series (H.323 and H.245 based) multimedia terminals

9. ITU-T Recommendations could be found at http://www.itu.int
H.248 (06/00) – Gateway control protocol
M.3200 (04/97) - TMN management services and telecommunications managed areas: overview
M.3210(IMT-SP) - Configuration Management Functional Requirements:Service Provisioning for IMT target 2003
M (01/01) – TMN Management Services for IMT-2000 Security Management
This is note!

10. ITU-T Recommendations could be found at http://www.itu.int
X.509 ISO/IEC (03/00) – Information Technology – Open Systems Interconnection – The Directory: Public-Key and Attribute Certificate Frameworks
X.841 ISO/IEC (10/00) - Information Technology – Security Techniques – Security Information Objects
X.842 ISO/IEC TR (10/00) - Information Technology – Security Techniques – Guidelines on the Use and Management of Trusted Third Party Services (TTP)
X.843 ISO/IEC (10/00) - Information Technology – Security Techniques – Specification of TTP Services to Support the Application of Digital Signatures

11. The three-stage process for interface specification
Services/Features
Stage 1
Service definition
Functional
architecture
Physical
architecture
Information
flows
Stage 2
Signaling requirements
SDL diagrams
Stage 3
Protocol specification
Interfaces
SDL – System Description Language
The three-stage process for interface specification

12. IMT-2000 Family-of-systems concept.
Member B
Family
Member A
Family
Member C
IMT-2000 Family-of-systems concept.

13. Physical interfaces of an IMT‑2000 family member system
CNs of other IMT-2000 family members
to be specified in future CSs CN
UIM MT
RAN CN
UIM-MT interface
MT-RAN interface
RAN-CN interface
NNI
UIM – User Identity Module
MT – Mobile Terminal
RAN – Radio Access Network
CN – Core Network
NNI or CN–CN – Network-to- Network Interface
Physical interfaces of an IMT‑2000 family member system

14. List of Interfaces need to be standardized in ITU
NNI
MT-RAN interface
UIM-MT interface
RAN-CN interface

15. Common NNI in the IMT‑2000 Family Member interconnection model
IWF – Interworking Function
Common NNI in the IMT‑2000 Family Member interconnection model

17. SSG - IMT-2000 and Beyond Why create this study Group?
growth of wireless access outstripping traditional access
soon will be over 50% of all subscribers
already the case in some markets
explosive growth of the Internet
strong correlation between wireless access and internet usage
leads to “Wireless Internet”
multiple forums working on 3G systems
need to promote harmonization and convergence
rapidly increasing importance of globalization

18. Why is the SSG-IMT special?
Given significant freedom in conducting its business:
Paperless meetings to maximum extent possible
Reduced meeting notice requirements (one month, electronically)
Reduced contribution submission deadline
All documents to be available on ITU web site
Meeting reports to be made available quickly
May use teleconferences, other means to conduct work
A de facto trial of selected reform aspects!
Plus has the usual powers of a Study Group:
Create and approve Recommendations
To advise TSAG on effectiveness of new procedures

19. Data Subscriber Growth Wireless Applications Growth
Wireless Internet
Source: Strategis Group, World Cellular / PCS Markets, May 1998.
(“Other Digital” refers to PDC and PHS.)
Source: The Yankee Group, Nortel Networks
Subscriber Growth
Data Subscriber Growth
Data Traffic Growth
Voice 96%
Data 4%
Voice 30%
Data 70%
Wireless Applications Growth

20. A Mobile Revolution Fixed Lines vs. Mobile Users, worldwide, Million
1'400
Mobile Users
1'200
Fixed Lines
1'000
800
600
400
200
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
Source: ITU World Telecommunication Indicators Database.

21. Special Study Group on IMT-2000 and Beyond Summary of Mandate (1 of 2)
Lead SG on IMT-2000 and beyond and for mobility
Primary responsibility within ITU‑T for overall network aspects of IMT‑2000 and beyond
Work plan
Migration path from existing IMT-2000 systems towards systems beyond IMT-2000
Long term common IP-based architecture
Near term IP-based internetworking
Overview road map
Interworking functions, if not done elsewhere

22. Special Study Group on IMT-2000 and Beyond Summary of Mandate (2 of 2)
In addition, will study:
Harmonization of IMT-2000 Family members as they evolve beyond IMT-2000
Evolution of network aspects utilizing IMT-2000 RTTs as FWA
Network aspects of convergence of fixed and wireless networks
Standardization of IMT-2000 interfaces where needed
Work with ITU-D to assist developing countries in applying IMT-2000
Collaborate with ITU-R 8F (radio) and 8D (satellite)
Strong cooperative relations and complementary programs with SDOs, 3GPPs
Develop and approve Recommendations
Make use of provisional working procedures specific to this SSG

23. Questions under study (1 of 3)
Q.1/SSG Service and Network capability requirements and network architecture
     establish a clear vision for future mobile services and network capability requirements for “beyond IMT-2000 systems”
  Q.2/SSG NNI mobility management protocol (Stage 3)
define new mobility management signalling application protocols, or enhancements to existing protocols, needed to support IMT-2000 services to enable global roaming between different IMT-2000 family systems.
  Q.3/SSG Identification of existing and evolving IMT-2000 Systems
    identify architectures, detailed specifications and releases which have been and will be produced by recognized SDO’s which make up existing and evolving IMT-2000 systems.

24. Questions under study (2 of 3)
Q.4/SSG Interworking functions to be used with existing and evolving IMT-2000 systems
identify (and define if not done elsewhere) interworking functions to facilitate appropriate interworking between existing and evolving IMT-2000 family members, PSTN/ISDN and Packet Data Networks
Q.5/SSG Preparation of a Handbook on IMT-2000
work with the D and R sectors, coordinate T sector input for a handbook on IMT-2000 to assist developed and developing countries

25. Questions under study (3 of 3)
Q.6/SSG Harmonization of evolving IMT-2000 Systems
define interface requirements and network architectures for harmonization of existing and evolving IMT-2000 systems to provide seamless global roaming for IMT-2000 future Capability Sets (that include high speed packet data, multimedia, and IP-based services)
Q.7/SSG Convergence of fixed and existing IMT-2000 systems
- describe the principles and requirements for the convergence of fixed and IMT-2000 networks
describe the architectural requirements for a converged core network to support IMT-2000 capabilities accessible from various wireless and wireline access technologies to support current and evolving IMT-2000 capabilities  
Q.8/SSG Special Study Group working procedures

27. Characteristics of the 4th generation?
New network types ?
New frequency bands?
New air interfaces?
New terminals/appliances?
Different network management?
New services?
Better cost/performance ratios?
Higher reliability?
Perhaps all, but only where the business case justifies the investment !

29. Technology perspective of 4th generation
4th generation wireless network and terminal re-configurability (scalable and flexible self-organised), including the adaptation of resource allocation to cope with varying traffic load, channel conditions and service environments.
Integration of fixed/mobile/broadcasting networks and rules for distribution and decentralized control of functional entities. Protocols that permit the network to adapt dynamically to changing channel conditions, that allow the coexistence of low and high-rate users, hand-off of high-data-rate users between base stations, congestion-control algorithms that are cognizant of and adjust to changing channel conditions etc. Development of system concepts for digital broadband millimeter wave (up to 200GHz ) capable of delivering bit rates beyond 155 Mbits/s.

30. Towards life in 2010: 90% of traffic on mobile networks will be data
Domestic demand reaches 100Mbits/s per home
Cellular phone locations used in traffic management systems
All new cars fitted with automated distress system
90% of calls will be tetherless
1 Terabit memory chip
Chips with 10 billion transistors
Household access by facial recognition
In-store positioning systems enable personalised guides
Voice interface for home appliances

31. Expectation for 4G System:
high speed (vehicular: 2 Mbps, pedestrian/indoor:20 Mbits/s)
next generation Internet support (IPv6, QoS, Mo-IP)
high-capacity 5~10 times to 3G
flexible for providing new services
utilize higher frequencies (for example 3~8 GHz)
lower system cost (1/10 of IMT2000?)
4th generation mobile systems will differ from IMT-2000.
System deployment history indicates that the generation changes roughly 10 years step.

32. It is not only circuit switched voice services!
• the mobile component of the Information Society
• digital convergence of content, media, data and telecom
• a multi-national, multi-sector system
• many different protocols (MPEG, WAP, IP, etc.)
• a wide range of terminals, products and services
It demands global roaming
• users want services available everywhere
• new services and products for competition and innovation

33. Capability Set 1
circuit and packet bearer capability up to 144 kb/s in vehicular radio environment
circuit and packet bearer capability up to 384 kb/s for pedestrian radio environment
circuit and packet bearer capability up to 2048 kb/s in indoor office radio environment
roaming among the IMT-2000 family of systems
interworking with IP networks
interworking with other fixed networks
service portability and support of virtual home environment
multimedia terminals and services
emergency and priority calls
geographic position/location service
user authentication and ciphering
support of UPT

34. Deliverables (1 of 8)
2002:
New Rec. Q.1702 (Q.LTVN) - Long-Term Vision of Network Aspects for Systems Beyond IMT Q.1: ITU long-term vision (focused around year 2010) on systems beyond IMT-2000 for future mobile service and network capabilities requirements (currently under AAP Last Call)

35. Deliverables (2 of 8) 2002: Handbook on IMT-2000 deployment, Q.5
New Rec. Q.SCFN, Q.1: Aspects of service capability requirements, including VHE

36. Deliverables (3 of 8)
2002:
New Rec. Q , Q.3: “IMT-2000 References to Release 1999 of GSM evolved UMTS core network with UTRAN access network” (Release 2)
New Rec. Q , Q.3: “ANSI-41 evolved core network with cdma2000 access network”

37. Deliverables (4 of 8)
2003:
Tech. Report, Q.2: New protocols for Common Mobility Management and Global Roaming
New Rec. Q , Q.3: “ANSI-41/GPRS evolved core network with UWC-136 access network”

38. Deliverables (5 of 8)
2003:
New type of output, Q.6: Degree of harmonisation of existing IMT-2000 systems
New type of output , Q.6: Harmonisation issues relating to existing IMT-2000 systems
New type of output , Q.6: Harmonisation proposals for evolving IMT-2000 systems
New type of output, Q.7: Principles and requirements for convergence of public fixed networks and IMT-2000 network

39. Deliverables (6 of 8)
2003:
New Rec. Q.FNAB, Q.1: Long-term high-level network architecture for beyond IMT-2000 systems
New Rec. Q.NCRB, Q.1: Network capabilities requirements
New Rec., Q.2: Requirements for new Mobility Management protocols to support Global Roaming in IMT-2000 and beyond
New Rec., Q.7: Network architecture and interface requirements facilitating evolution of existing public fixed networks towards converged core network, supporting IMT-2000 capabilities
New Rec., Q.7: Access network interface requirements for utilizing IMT-2000 radio access technologies as FWA with existing public fixed networks

40. Deliverables (7 of 8)
2004:
New Rec., Q.4: Functions required to interwork between IMT-2000 family members developed by SDOs
New Rec., Q.4: Functions required to interwork between IMT-2000 family members and PSTN/ISDN
New Rec., Q.4: Functions required to interwork between IMT-2000 family members and Packet Data Networks

41. Deliverables (8 of 8)
2004:
Tech. Report, Q.2: Identification of the mobility management features and studies the protocol to interoperability, transport layers and mobility management
New Rec., Q.7: Architectural and network interface requirements for converged core network to facilitate services transparency to users across different access arrangements, including migration path for network convergence

42. SSG Meetings
May , 2002, Ottawa, Canada followed by one-day seminar on IMT-2000 and Systems Beyond
November 4 - 8, 2002, Geneva, Switzerland
March 3 – 7, 2003, Geneva, Switzerland

43. Envisaged Network Environment Around the Year 2010
High-speed data connection is a norm in accessing multimedia services and Internet services
The core network is fully IP-based
Software radio technology becomes a main element in the wireless infrastructure
Digital TV with data service capability
Mobility management will be supporting higher speed objects such as vehicles

44. Phases and expected timelines for future development of IMT-2000 and systems beyond

45. Defining the Vision: Capabilities of IMT-2000 and Systems Beyond

46. Data rates for the new elements of the system beyond IMT-2000
up to 100 Mb/s for the mobile access and
up to 1 Gb/s for the nomadic/local area wireless access

47. Generic Network Architecture of IMT-2000

48. Difficulties towards the single Network Architecture
influences of competition
existing networks
depreciating equipment
time frames for equipment installation
the mix of services provided

49. Layer Architecture of future network scenarios

50. Three scenarios for core network in long-term
ATM Core Network
ATM/IP Core Network
IP Core Network

51. For more information please visit out web site http://www.itu.int:
SSG web page
and IMT web pages:
1. Network aspects
2. Radio aspects

52. Thank you for your attention!