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Organic Compounds Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins & Nucleic Acids
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Carbon Why is carbon so special? Atomic # ______ ______valence electrons Can make up to 4 ____________ bonds Building block for the biomolecules of life!
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Macromolecules 4 Macromolecules ____________ ____________ ____________ P eople L ove C hicken N uggets
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Macromolecules Every macromolecule has ____________ Single unit of a whole ____________ Many units or monomers bonded together
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Carbohydrates Made of ____________, ____________, & ____________ Unique 1:2:1 pattern Used for energy mostly and sometimes for structure in plants Monomer: ________________ 2 monomers: _______________ Polymer: ________________
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Units of Carbs There are 3 monosaccharides ____________– our energy source ____________ - sweetener ____________– not as common There are 3 polysaccharides ____________– how we store carbs ____________– how plants store carbs ____________– structure in plants
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Lipids Made of ____________ & ____________ Does not dissolve in water High ratio of carbon and hydrogen atoms 3 types of lipids ____________
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Triglycerides
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Triglycerides - FATS Saturated Fat Have no ____________ ____________ in their fatty acid chains – maximum # of H atoms Straight chain Usually ____________ fats ____________ at room temp
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Triglycerides – OILS Unsaturated Fat Have at least one ____________ ____________ in their fatty acid chain Forms a kink in the chain Usually ____________ and from plants ____________ at room temp
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Phospholipid
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Found in all our cells Makes up the cell ____________ 2 layers of phospholipids ____________ ____________
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Phospholipid Bilayer
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Wax ______fatty acid chain to a glycerol Waterproof Create protective layer in animals and plants
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Steroids - hormones
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Steroids ____________ carbon rings linked together Usually our ____________ Ex: ____________ is found in our cell membranes
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http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/obesi ty/obesity_molecular/01.html http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/obesi ty/obesity_molecular/01.html http://www.wisc- online.com/objects/ViewObject.aspx?ID= AP13204 http://www.wisc- online.com/objects/ViewObject.aspx?ID= AP13204
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Protein Macromolecules with ____________, ____________, ____________, and __________ Monomer: ____________ ____________ 2 monomers: _______________ Polymer: _______________
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Amino Acids Each amino acid has three main groups ____________ group ______ group (changes) Change the formation and properties of the amino acid
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Amino Acid
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Glycine
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R group The R group makes each amino acid different There are _____ possible amino acids based off this one group The R group is = ____________
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Proteins Peptide bond = covalent bond Links amino acids together For every peptide bond, one molecule of water is formed
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Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=va0D NJId_CM http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=va0D NJId_CM
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Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lijQ3a 8yUYQ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lijQ3a 8yUYQ
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Fold it! Help scientists figure out protein folding This game is open to the public The first hundred puzzles are known proteins But many proteins are not decoded and scientists are asking for our help to figure them out http://fold.it/ http://fold.it/
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Enzymes Proteins are in our bodies everywhere! Enzyme is a type of protein that is a ____________ Catalyst starts a reaction Produce ____________
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Enzymes Each enzyme has an area known as the ____________ ____________ Where a specific molecule binds and a reaction occurs The molecule binding is called a ______________
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Enzyme conditions Enzymes work at a specific conditions ____________ Causes enzyme to change shape and lose its function
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http://www.sumanasinc.com/webconten t/animations/content/proteinstructure.ht ml http://www.sumanasinc.com/webconten t/animations/content/proteinstructure.ht ml
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http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/obesi ty/obesity_molecular/01.html http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/obesi ty/obesity_molecular/01.html http://www.wisc- online.com/objects/ViewObject.aspx?ID= AP13204 http://www.wisc- online.com/objects/ViewObject.aspx?ID= AP13204
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Nucleic Acids Contains ____________, ____________, ____________, ____________, and ____________
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Nucleic Acids Monomer = ____________ 5 carbon ____________ ____________ group ____________ base
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Properties Store genetic information Two kinds of nucleic acids ____________
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