1. IAN J. FRANK (ME) Preliminary Project Plan P08427 – LED Lighting Technologies

2. Preliminary Project Plan Project Name  LED Lighting Technologies for a Sustainable Lighting Solution in Developing Nations Project Number  P08427 – Will need a P094XX Number at some point Project Family  Sustainable Products, Systems, and Technologies Track Track  Sustainable Technologies for the Third World Start Term  2008-2 for MSD1 End Term  2008-3 for MSD2 Potential Faculty Guide  Dr. Robert Stevens  Tentative (Mechanical Engineering) Faculty Consultant  Dr. Vincent Amuso (EE)  Choice Primary Customer Inhabitants of Developing Nations who currently live without light of electricity

3. Phase 0: Planning Mission Statement Product Description Currently two billion people live without clean, healthy, reliable lighting or power. Many of these people use gas and oil lamps, which produce a great deal of soot and carbon dioxide in addition to consuming vast amounts of fuel to produce relatively little usable lighting. This project seeks to provide a clean, reliable, inexpensive, and non-power-dependent source of light for the Third World. While there may be many possible solutions which arise from this project, at the moment it is proposed that LED lighting technologies be used as they have a high efficiency and a nearly unmatched lifetime. Key Business Goals To provide a reliable and low cost lighting system for people in developing nations who live without a clean/healthy light source or power To create a product which will operate in a clean manner, while still having high durability, life span, and versatility To create a sustainable solution to the lighting deficit in the Third World Primary Market People in developing nations currently living without a clean/healthy light source or power Secondary Market Customers looking for sustainable solutions for recreational lighting (camping, backpacking, etc.) Charitable organizations looking to sponsor lighting programs in developing nations May have aspects applicable to applications for domestic, commercial, and industrial lighting in industrialized nations

4. Phase 0: Planning Mission Statement (Continued) Secondary Market Customers looking for sustainable solutions for recreational lighting (camping, backpacking, etc.) Charitable organizations looking to sponsor lighting programs in developing nations May have aspects applicable to applications for domestic, commercial, and industrial lighting in industrialized nations Assumptions and Constraints Lighting system must be self-sustaining, in that it must draw its power from locally available sources such as the sun. Product must be as durable and maintenance-free as possible Components should be designed for long life Product must be as low cost as possible while still maintaining a high degree of quality. Product must be portable (Generally will be moved in and out of living space for charging and use) Stakeholders End Users - People in developing nations who will have a source of light thanks to the efforts of this project LED Manufacturer/Supplier - the source of the base technology to be used Environment - Replacement of kerosene lamps will reduce the quantity of pollution to the environment due to burning fossil fuels for light. Humanitarian Organizations - Sponsoring organizations who will give the product to families in developing nations. RIT - Will be Supporter of this venture and receive name recognition for the product when/if it becomes an actively used product U.S. Environmental Protection Agency - Potential sponsors (via a P3 grant)

5. Phase 0: Planning Staffing Requirements Mechanical Engineers 2 Mechanical engineers would be in charge develop the overall package for the LED technology. A fixture to encase the LEDs needs to be developed that would suit the area where the lighting will be positioned. CAD experience as well as some manufacturing experience is necessary to develop a finished product. Electrical Engineers 2 These students will need to be able to apply their knowledge of electrical systems in order to interface the LED lighting with the available power source. The power sources available will range from grid power to solar power. In the case of sources like solar radiation, they will also have to take into account the need for energy storage within the unit or is a common storage unit for several lighting units on the system. Also, electrical engineers will prepare the electronic hardware to be mounted into the device. Industrial and Systems Engineers 1 This student will apply their knowledge of manufacturing efficiency and sustainability to help with the production and sustainable systems objectives of this particular project. These portions of the project will be especially important when looking to produce a lighting system for the third world as it will have to be very affordable and have a long life time while being able to stand up to the potentially extreme conditions it may be subjected to. Industrial Design 1 This student will head up the cosmetic design of the product. Regardless of the end application of the lighting system, the units will have to be visually appealing in addition to meeting all of the functional criteria for the product – Industrial Design will play a key roll in this portion of the project. Business Majors Consultant The business major will not be needed until the end of the project when the product can be marketed and sold to various customers. The primary customer will be RIT, but an entrepreneurial opportunity will be developed so that the product can be used in various markets publically. Skills in management and entrepreneurship will be helpful.

6. Phase 0: Planning Intellectual Property Considerations Intellectual Property Considerations Due to the philanthropic nature of this project, all work to be completed by students is expected to be released to the public domain. Students, Faculty, Staff, and other participants in the project will be expected to release rights to their designs, documents, drawings, etc., to the public without constraint. Students, Faculty, and Staff associated with the project are encouraged to publish findings, data, and results openly.

7. Phase 0: Planning Preliminary Work Breakdown Structure Three Week Project Plan Person Week 0 - 1 (03 Dec 07) Week 1 - 2 (10 Dec 07) Week 2 - 3 (17 Dec 07) All Establish team values and normsUnderstand customer needsPresent individual "research" to group Review and understand the projectMeet with customers to establish any additional needsParticipate in brainstorming session Meet with faculty guide and consultants(or Brainstorm any additional needs)Determine product target specifications Team building exercises/ice breakersParticipate in benchmarking session- Identify and gather any additional benchmarking materials -- ME 1 Introduce project to teamArrange meeting with customers Look into possible interface options and prepare report Help team get up to speed(Or lead needs brainstorming session)Lead brainstorming Arrange the necessary meetingsLead benchmarking sessionHelp others when/where needed - Focus on human interface portion of benchmarking session - - Record and publish results from benchmarking and needs evaluation - ME 2 Review CAD package tutorials Focus on materials and mechanical analysis portion of benchmarking session Look into possible materials and prepare report Review Fatigue analysis package for deformation, stress, and thermal (heat transfer) analysis -- EE 1 Review EE analysis programsFocus on power supply portion of benchmarking sessionLook into power supply options and prepare report Review chosen control language-- EE 2 Review EE analysis programs Focus on power storage and light emitting portions of benchmarking session Look into storage and lighting options - prepare report Review MATLAB-- ISE 1 Review CAD tutorials Focus on manufacturing, sustainability, and environmental concern portions of benchmarking session Look into sustainability and DFM options - prepare report Review sustainability guidelines--

8. Phase 0: Planning Preliminary Work Breakdown Structure Diagram Representation

9. Phase 0: Planning Team Values and Norms Punctual Each team member will arrive on time and will notify fellow team members of any expected absences. It is important that the team member ensures that at least one member of the team confirms the notification Thorough Each team member is expected to do their assigned work in a manner such that it does not have to be redone by another, and if they feel that they have been assigned too much work to do that they seek out help from other team members or faculty consultants Accurate Each team member will accurately complete and document their work Professional and Ethical Each team member will credit work and information to the proper sources and will be trustworthy in all of their dealings. Demonstrates the core RIT values of SPIRIT. Each team member will remember that they are representing RIT and as such the reputation of RIT and the SD program are reflected in their work. Committed Each team member will contribute an equal share to the success of the project and commit to the challenge set before them with the understanding that the SD process should a fun and informative

10. Phase 0: Planning Grading and Assessment Preliminary Grading Scheme Grade LevelSenior Design ISenior Design II D Have multiple concepts in the works with a semi-clear plan for executing at least one of them Have completed concept development for at least two of the original concepts and have a project production plan for one of the concepts C Have a concept singled out and in the process of being completed Have finished concept development and begun working on the final project BHave a working concept nearly developedHave finished the bulk of product A Have finished concept development and are ready to proceed with fabrication Have a completed working product

11. Phase 0: Planning Resource Requirements People Faculty Guide – Aid with progress of project Faculty Consultant (Various Departments) – Aid with any issues that may be presented Dave Hathaway – Aid with machining Professor Timothy Landschoot – Aid with mechanical testing in labs RIT – Customer Environment Senior Design Lab – Work Space ME Shop – Parts Fabrication EE Labs – Electronic Testing Storage Space – To store the product, test rigs, and equipment System Dynamics Lab – System Response testing Mechanics Lab – Tensile Testing Equipment EE Equipment – Soldering, Measuring Equipment, Oscilloscope, Light intensity meter Software – MATLAB, LABVIEW, ProEngineer (or equivalent) ME Machine Shop Tools – Production of Prototype Materials AC to DC Converter LED Lights Fixture Materials - Aluminum, Screws, Reflector material, Plastic

12. Phase 1: Concept Development Identify Customer Needs Needs Statements from Facilities Management: Easily standardized between lighting fixtures  Needs to be cheap  Recyclable Avoid bat cave look  Try to spread the light out  Attain the most foot candles possible Obtain a light with a higher CRI  Better lighting Specify different colors - white light, warm light, etc. Vandal-resistant Relatively easy to install Keep peak demand low  Decrease energy bill Keep the fixture price low Solar power possible Most cost-effective method for power  Good return on investment Needs to be value in the lighting and in the fixture Long life span Better efficiency of lamp and fixture

13. Phase 1: Concept Development Identify Customer Needs Graphical Interpretation

14. Issues and Risks What kind of power source could be used to attach the LED lighting fixture to the RIT grid? How can we make it last for many years? How can we avoid making the light like a bat cave? How can we spread out the light? How can we keep the const of the fixture down? How can we make it easy to install? Is there a way to decrease the peak demand? Is there a way to make the light recyclable? How will we produce the proposed product in a timely manner? How will we develop a system with a long (approximately 100,000hrs) life time? How will we make an expensive technology product inexpensive enough to make it viable on the RIT campus? Who will fund the project? Who will buy/lend purchasing aid for the product? How will this stay within the desired environmentally friendly guidelines? How will we interface all of the components of the product? How will the product be received by the stakeholders, customers, and end users? What if we lack the abilities to perform the tasks necessary for the project?

15. Future Plans Write EPA P3 Grant or Find another source of Funding Select Materials for Benchmarking Refine PRP by:  Establishing specifications and metrics  Establishing more specific team values and norms  Potentially redefining grading scheme