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2. 2 Sustainable urban development Adequate shelter for all 2 Presented by: Mr. Erik V. Christensen Urban Emergency Advisor for Syria Beirut, 30 May – 2013 The Urban Dimension of the Crisis in Syria

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4. 4 4 People – Urban Population from 57% -> 65-70% – Cities are main recipient of IDPs (town -> city and city -> city) – Most diversity in Shelter (informal, collective, hosted, rental, repair, etc.) – Informal urban settlements from 40% -> ?% Services – Excessive increase in demand (Water, Sanitation, Waste and Energy) – Reduced capacity to maintain services (Damages, breakdown, collapse) – Increased health risks to general urban population Economy – Unemployment from 10% -> +45% – Eroded tax base for public investments and spending – Declining urban economy (supply/demand affected, production, financial systems, etc.)

5. 5 5 In urban settings, it is often difficult to distinguish between – chronic vulnerability (Increased urban poverty) – crisis induced vulnerability (urban warfare) Conventional approaches to needs assessment, beneficiary identification and the provision of humanitarian assistance become extremely complicated. The revised SHARP includes a series of more specialized assessments

6. 6 6 Urban density and lack of space Access to certain parts of a city – particularly dense informal settlements – can be challenging even in a non-crisis environment. In a crisis context, what limited infrastructure there may be is destroyed, debris, human waste, lack of clean water, shelter, and the most basic of services complicate humanitarian action. Access to usable land for interim shelter and humanitarian support can be difficult, and land-use patterns often exacerbate crisis.

7. 7 7 Government authorities (national and local), service providers (public and private) and civil society organizations make coordination for preparedness and response extremely challenging. Multiple aid organizations, delivering sector-based services often place urgency ahead of efficiency. Donor/government demand often creates barriers to recovery. Residents of affected communities are often left out of dialogue and planning for their future.

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