2. Middle East Country Comparisons

3. Already KNOW NEED to KnowWill Learn

4. Iran Israel Saudi Arabia Turkey Theocracy Absolute Monarchy Parliamentary Democracy Words to Know!

5. How does the Government distribute power? How do the citizens participate in government? Two Main Questions for Government…

6. Unitary- a form of government in which power is held by one central authority. Confederation-voluntary associations of independent states that, to secure some common purpose, agree to certain limitations on their freedom of action and establish some joint machinery of consultation or deliberation. Federal-a form of government in which power is divided between one central and several regional authorities. Describe the ways governments distribute power

7. Autocratic-government in which one person possesses unlimited power and the citizen has little if any role in the government. Oligarchic-Government by the few, sometimes a government in which a small group exercises control especially for corrupt and selfish purposes. The citizen has very limited role. Democratic-Government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised by them directly or indirectly. Citizen participation in government

8. Middle East Country Comparisons Name of CountryType of Government GDP ReligionsEthnic GroupsLiteracy Rate Graphic Organizer Use this as an example for your notes on each country ---

9. Iran

10. Known as Persia until 1935 Iran became an Islamic republic in 1979 after the ruling monarchy was overthrown, forces established a theocratic system of government with ultimate political authority in the Supreme Leader Small group of people within country have power President is elected, but ultimate power with Supreme Leader A little of Iran’s history…

11. Climate: mostly arid or semiarid, subtropical along Caspian coast Terrain: mountainous in the northwest, desert in the east Natural resources: petroleum Land use: arable land: 9.78% Natural hazards: periodic droughts, earthquakes Environment - current issues: air pollution, especially in urban areas, deforestation; overgrazing; desertification; oil pollution in the Persian Gulf Geography: Iran

13. Life expectancy: 70.06 years Ethnic groups: Persian 51%, Azeri 24%, Kurd 7%, Arab 3%, Religions: Muslim 98% (Shi'a 89%, Sunni 9%), other2% Languages: Persian and Persian dialects 58% Literacy: 77% People: Iran

14. Country name: Islamic Republic of Iran Government type: theocratic republic Capital: Tehran Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal Supreme Leader of Iran is a religious leader has final say on all matters An elected president is head of government but can be removed at any time by the Supreme Leader Government: Iran President Hassan Rouhani Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei

15. GDP - per capita: $10,600 (2010 est.) Labor force: agriculture: 30% industry: 25% services: 45% (2001 est.) Unemployment rate: 15% according to the Iranian government (2007 est.) Agriculture – products: wheat, rice, wool; caviar Industries: petroleum Exports –petroleum 80%, chemicals, and Persian carpets Exports – partners: Japan 14.1%, China 12.9%, Turkey 7.3%, Italy 6.3%, South Korea 5.7%, (2006) Imports – partners: Germany 12.1%, China 10.6%, UAE 9.4%, South Korea 6.2%(2006) Economy: Iran

16. Unitary- a form of government in which power is held by one central authority. Confederation-voluntary associations of independent states that, to secure some common purpose, agree to certain limitations on their freedom of action and establish some joint machinery of consultation or deliberation. Federal-a form of government in which power is divided between one central and several regional authorities. Interactive Notebook Question: Which is Iran today? Describe the ways governments distribute power Unitary

17. Autocratic-government in which one person possesses unlimited power and the citizen has little if any role in the government. Oligarchic-Government by a few, a government in which a small group exercises control especially for corrupt and selfish purposes. The citizen has very limited role. Democratic-Government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised by them directly or indirectly. Interactive Notebook Question: Which is Iran today? Citizen participation in government Oligarchic

18. Parliamentary-system of government having the real executive power vested in a cabinet composed of members of the legislature who are individually and collectively responsible to the legislature. May have a Prime Minister elected by the legislature. Presidential-a system of government in which the president is constitutionally independent of the legislature. Do either of these apply to Iran? If yes, which one? Two Types of Democracies Remember this guy?

19. Middle East Country Comparisons Name of CountryType of GovernmentGDP Iran Unitary, Oligarchic, Theocratic Republic $10,600 (2010 est.) ReligionsEthnic GroupsLiteracy Rate Muslim 98% (Shi'a 89%, Sunni 9%) Persian 51% 77% Graphic Organizer

20. Much of Iran’s population lives in the western mountainous part of the country. Northern (rain forest) and eastern (desert) parts are not very populous. Iran has an oil-reliant economy with many jobs in this sector Iran– Living and Jobs

21. Think-Pair-Share What does it mean when Shia Muslims make up 90%+ of the population in Iran? Would there be conflict in the society with the other 10%? Interactive Notebook Question

22. Israel

23. Climate: temperate; hot and dry in southern and eastern desert areas Terrain: Negev desert in the south Natural resources: timber, natural gas, sand, etc. Natural hazards: occasional sandstorms, droughts; periodic earthquakes Environment - current issues: limited arable land and natural fresh water resources; desertification; air pollution Geography: Israel Sea of Galilee Negev Desert

25. Life expectancy: 80.96 years Ethnic groups: Jewish 76.4%; (non-Jewish 23.6% (mostly Arab) (2004) Religions: Jewish 76.4%, Muslim 16%, Arab Christians 1.7%, Languages: Hebrew (official), Arabic, English Literacy: 97.1% People: Israel

26. Government type: parliamentary democracy Capital: name: Jerusalem Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal Chief of State– A president is elected as a ceremonial type leader Head of Government– A prime minister is chosen by the legislative branch (Knesset). The prime minister runs governmental matters. Government: Israel Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu

27. The economy of Israel is a diversified mixed economy Poor in natural resources, Israel depends on imports of petroleum, coal, food, uncut diamonds, other production inputs, and military equipment. The country's GDP per capita has been $29,800 (2010 est.). Israel diamond industry is one of the world's centers for diamond cutting and polishing. It is also a world leader in software development and is a major tourist destination.

28. Unemployment rate: 6.7% (2010 est) Agriculture – products: citrus, vegetables, cotton; beef, poultry, dairy products Industries: high-technology projects, diamond cutting Exports – partners: US 38.4% Imports – commodities: raw materials, military equipment, rough diamonds, fuels Imports – partners: US 12.4% Economy: Israel

29. Middle East Country Comparisons Name of CountryType of GovernmentGDP Israel Unitary, Parliamentary Democracy $29,800 (2010 est.) ReligionsEthnic GroupsLiteracy Rate Jewish 76.4%, Muslim 16%, Arab Christians 1.7% Jewish 76.4% 97.1% Graphic Organizer Use this as an example for your notes on each country ---

30. Over 70% of Israel’s population lives along the western Mediterranean coast Job diversity is greater in Israel than any other Middle Eastern country Israel has a heavy tourism industry-WHY? multi-national corporations are located within Israel providing high paying jobs for much of its population Israel--- Living and Jobs

31. What does the Literacy Rate for Israel mean for their economy? Think about it!

32. Saudi Arabia

33. Saudi Arabia is the birthplace of Islam and home to Islam's two holiest shrines in Mecca and Medina. The king's official title is the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques. Climate: harsh, dry desert Terrain: mostly uninhabited, sandy desert Natural resources: petroleum Natural hazards: frequent sand and dust storms Environment - current issues: desertification; depletion of underground water resources, coastal pollution from oil spills Geography: Saudi Arabia & HOT!!!

35. Life expectancy at birth: 75 years Ethnic groups: Arab 90% Religions: Muslim 100% Languages: Arabic Literacy: total population: 78.8% male: 84.7% female: 70.8% (2003 est.) People: Saudi Arabia

36. Country name: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Government type: monarchy Capital: name: Riyadh Suffrage: 21 years of age; male Executive branch: chief of state: King elections: none; the monarch is hereditary Legislative branch: Consultative Council members appointed by the monarch for four-year terms). Government: Saudi Arabia

37. The Qur'an is the constitution of the country, which is governed on the basis of Islamic law (Shari'a).

38. Saudi Arabia has an oil-based economy and plays a leading role in OPEC. Saudi Arabia's economy is a centrally planned economy. However, there are some private companies in Saudi Arabia. They are strictly controlled and regulated by the Saudi Arabian government.

39. GDP - per capita (PPP): $24,200 Unemployment rate: 13% among Saudi males only Industries: crude oil Exports –petroleum and petroleum products 90% Exports – partners: Japan 17.6%, US 15.8%, South Korea 9.6%, China 7% Imports – commodities: machinery and equipment, foodstuffs Imports – partners: US 12.2%, Germany 8.5%, China 7.9% Economy: Saudi Arabia

40. In many extended areas (especially the Rub’ al- Khali and Arabian Desert) there is almost no population Much of Saudi Arabia’s population is located along the west coast– this is due to the proximity to the Red Sea Saudi Arabia draws a large portion of their labor force from other nations Saudi Arabia– Living and Jobs

41. Middle East Country Comparisons Name of CountryType of GovernmentGDP Saudi Arabia Unitary, Autocratic, Absolute Monarchy $24,200 (2010) Command/Mixed ReligionsEthnic GroupsLiteracy Rate Islam : Arab 90%, Afro-Asian 10% 78.8 Graphic Organizer

42. Is Saudi Arabia an absolute or constitutional monarchy? How would their natural resources impact their economy? Interactive Notebook Question

43. Turkey

44. Modern Turkey was founded in 1923 from the remains of the defeated Ottoman Empire Climate: temperate; hot, dry summers with mild, wet winters Natural hazards: severe earthquakes, especially in northern Turkey, current issues: water pollution from dumping of chemicals and detergents; air pollution, particularly in urban areas; deforestation Geography

45. Population: 78,785,548 (July 2011 est.)Population: 78,785,548 (July 2011 est.) Life expectancy at birth: total population: 72.5 years Turkish Ethnic groups: Turkish 70-75%, Kurdish 18%, Languages: Turkish (official), Kurdish Literacy: definition: 87.4% People

46. Government Government

47. Turkey has a strong and rapidly growing private sector, and the state is beginning to play a smaller role in industry, banking, transport, and communications. Mixed Market

48. GDP - per capita (PPP): $12,300 (2010 est.) Unemployment rate: 12% (2010) Population below poverty line: 17.11% (2008) Agriculture – products: tobacco, cotton, grain, olives, sugar beets, pulse, citrus; livestock Industries: textiles, food processing, autos Economy: Turkey

49. A larger proportion of Turkey’s population lives in the smaller European section The Asian portion of Turkey is rather mountainous Turkey’s jobs are focused in the service sector Turkey– Living and Jobs

50. Middle East Country Comparisons Name of CountryType of GovernmentGDP Turkey Unitary, Parliamentary Democracy $12,300 ReligionsEthnic GroupsLiteracy Rate Muslim 99.8% (mostly Sunni) Turkish 70-75%, Kurdish 18% 87.4 Graphic Organizer Use this as an example for your notes on each country ---

51. List three countries that have Parliamentary Governments List the two highest GDP countries Which country is led by king?

52. Draw an Economic Continuum line on the Left Side of your Notebook with Market on one side and Command on the other: Command Market For each of the following questions, name the type of Economy and place the name of the country on your Economic Continuum Name the Type of Economy

53. 1. Israel has a mixed economy that is also technologically advanced. The Israeli government and private Israeli companies own and control the economy equally… 2. Saudi Arabia also has a mixed economy. The government largely controls the main export oil. Oil accounts for well over half of the country’s economy. 3. Since the late 1980s, Turkey has gradually moved from a government directed economy to more private enterprise.

54. Economic Continuum line Command Market Saudi Arabia /Iran Israel Turkey 1.Israel=Mixed/Market (closer to mixed) 2.Saudi Arabia/Iran=Mixed/Command 3.Turkey=Mixed/Market (closer to mixed) Name the Type of Economy

55. Choose one of the following to draw: − An example of how Israel’s citizen participate in government. − How people work in this area: Saudi Arabia-Types of Industry? Cities? − Type of economy for Turkey: Mixed? Market? Command? Summarizing Activity

56. Central Intelligence Agency, World Fact Book. Retrieved from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/index.html 092707 Maps 101. Nystrom. Retrieved from http://www.maps101.com/ 121208 Bibliography