1. ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate Measurement Cotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012 Flavio CUCCHIETTI Mauro FRANCAVILLA Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement

2. 1 | Renato Scotti TELECOM ITALIA GROUP TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate Measurement Cotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012 Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement Summary SAR and basic restrictions Technical Standards SAR measurement setup The telecom service provider and SAR Standard developments

3. 2 | Renato Scotti TELECOM ITALIA GROUP TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate Measurement Cotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012 Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement EMF (Electromagnetic Fields) exposure at Radiofrequency (RF) is primary quantified by means of an internal dosimetry quantity: the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) One of the possible definitions: Deeply used in dosimetry and in biological experiments because it could be measured by means of electric field or temperature sensors Specific Absorption Rate Flavio CUCCHIETTI Mauro FRANCAVILLA

4. 3 | Renato Scotti TELECOM ITALIA GROUP TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate Measurement Cotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012 Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement Restriction on exposure to time-varying electric, magnetic fields and electromagnetic fields that are based directly on established health effects Depending on frequency, the physical quantities use to specify these restrictions are current density, SAR and power density Basic Restrictions Flavio CUCCHIETTI Mauro FRANCAVILLA

5. 4 | Renato Scotti TELECOM ITALIA GROUP TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate Measurement Cotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012 Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement Measurement Standards Objective: define recommended practice to address in detail how to perform compliance measurements Measurement Standards key aspects Measurement system description and requirements Laboratory requirements Measurement procedure description and requirements Uncertainty budget definition Data reporting System validation and Inter-laboratory comparisons Annexes clarifying technical aspects and rationales Flavio CUCCHIETTI Mauro FRANCAVILLA

6. 5 | Renato Scotti TELECOM ITALIA GROUP TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate Measurement Cotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012 Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement IEC 62209-1 Issued in 2005 Detailed measurement procedures and measurement system description, uncertainty evaluations System validation and system check definitions Four normative annexes (phantom specifications, calibration of measurement instrumentation, post- processing techniques, System validation) and six informative annexes Currently under maintenance Flavio CUCCHIETTI Mauro FRANCAVILLA

7. 6 | Renato Scotti TELECOM ITALIA GROUP TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate Measurement Cotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012 Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement IEEE 1528 -2003 Issued in 2003 Detailed measurement procedures, uncertainty evaluations and strong effort to address rationale for setup choices System validation and system check first time introduced One normative annex (measurement uncertainty) and seven informative annexes An updated Standard version positively voted in 2011, not yet published Flavio CUCCHIETTI Mauro FRANCAVILLA

8. 7 | Renato Scotti TELECOM ITALIA GROUP TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate Measurement Cotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012 Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement SAR measurement setup E-field probe Specific Anthropomorphic Mannequin (SAM) Robot to move probe Robot to align DUT Head simulating liquid inside SAM Base station simulator DUT Flavio CUCCHIETTI Mauro FRANCAVILLA

9. 8 | Renato Scotti TELECOM ITALIA GROUP TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate Measurement Cotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012 Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement SAR measurement procedure Alignment positions SAR tests are performed fixing maximum TX power on DUT Typically 4 SAR measurements performed at centre frequency, one SAR measurement performed at the lowest frequency and one SAR measurement performed at the highest frequency Cheek position Tilt position Flavio CUCCHIETTI Mauro FRANCAVILLA

10. 9 | Renato Scotti TELECOM ITALIA GROUP TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate Measurement Cotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012 Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement Mobile phone alignment Fully automated system to align DUT (device under test) to Specific Anthropomorphic Mannequin (SAM) High repeatability and precision achieved Bioem 2009 (June 2009, DAVOS, CH): S. Pacifico, D. Forigo and M. Francavilla: A New Positioning System For Cellular Phone Alignment According To IEC 62209-1 And IEEE 1528 Standards Flavio CUCCHIETTI Mauro FRANCAVILLA

11. 10 | Renato Scotti TELECOM ITALIA GROUP TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate Measurement Cotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012 Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement Single SAR measurement 1. AREA SCAN 2.ZOOM SCAN Flavio CUCCHIETTI Mauro FRANCAVILLA

12. 11 | Renato Scotti TELECOM ITALIA GROUP TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate Measurement Cotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012 Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement Telecom service providers and SAR Verification both on pre-marketing and market equipment Verification both on pre-marketing and market equipment http://www.unglobalcompact.org/system/attachments/16448/original/COP_TI_2 011_FINAL.pdf?1342007429 (page 119) http://www.unglobalcompact.org/system/attachments/16448/original/COP_TI_2 011_FINAL.pdf?1342007429 (page 119) All market terminals tested All market terminals tested The new ones The new ones Samples taken from stocks within the quality inspection verifications Samples taken from stocks within the quality inspection verifications http://www.telecomitalia.com/tit/en/sustainability/performance- targets/telecom-italia-environment.html http://www.telecomitalia.com/tit/en/sustainability/performance- targets/telecom-italia-environment.html http://www.telecomitalia.com/content/dam/telecomitalia/en/archiv e/documents/investors/Annual_Reports/2011/TelecomItaliaGroupA nnualReport2011.pdf More than 50 terminals per year are tested Flavio CUCCHIETTI Mauro FRANCAVILLA

13. 12 | Renato Scotti TELECOM ITALIA GROUP TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate Measurement Cotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012 Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement Measurement results - 1 A database of handsets measured in 2008 -2009 has been analyzed A total of more than 100 2G handsets (of which 50 was also 3G) has been considered Flavio CUCCHIETTI Mauro FRANCAVILLA

14. 13 | Renato Scotti TELECOM ITALIA GROUP TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate Measurement Cotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012 Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement Measurement results - 2 Comparison between SAR value and cost of the terminal Flavio CUCCHIETTI Mauro FRANCAVILLA

15. 14 | Renato Scotti TELECOM ITALIA GROUP TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate Measurement Cotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012 Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement TI SAR laboratory activities: accreditation Telecom Italia SAR laboratory accredited by Italian body ACCREDIA (ex SINAL) Accreditation according to ISO/IEC 17025:2005 Possibility to perform SAR compliance campaigns not only for internal clients ACCREDIA latest successfully audit performed in June 2011 Flavio CUCCHIETTI Mauro FRANCAVILLA

16. 15 | Renato Scotti TELECOM ITALIA GROUP TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate Measurement Cotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012 Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement TI SAR laboratory activities: round robin tests Telecom Italia SAR laboratory participated to SPEAG (Schmid and Partner Engineering AG) Round Robin phase II and HEMI (Hand Effect Measurement Interlab) studies Flavio CUCCHIETTI Mauro FRANCAVILLA

17. 16 | Renato Scotti TELECOM ITALIA GROUP TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate Measurement Cotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012 Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement Standard development work: IEC TC106 MT 1/IEEE ICES TC34 Working groups: IEC TC106 MT 1, Maintenance of IEC 622091-1 ICES TC34, Wireless Handset SAR certification (SC1: Experimental Techniques) Next face2face meeting: TI Turin, September 11 th -14 th 2012 Flavio CUCCHIETTI Mauro FRANCAVILLA

18. 17 | Renato Scotti TELECOM ITALIA GROUP TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate Measurement Cotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012 Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement Standard development work: fast SAR and test reduction techniques **M. Francavilla: Time reduction to demonstrate SAR compliance of GSM/UMTS mobile phones BEMS 2011 Meeting, Halifax, CA, June 2011 Great effort in introducing new FAST SAR methods and procedures to reduce overall measurement time* A statistical based approach is introduced by TI, to reduce the time needed to perform SAR measurements in the case of GSM900, DCS1800 and UMTS band I handsets** *M.G. Douglas, S. Gabriel, C. Bucher, D. Iliev, J. Kastrati, C. Leubler, M. Meili, K. Pokovic and N. Kuster: Fast SAR Methods for Electromagnetic Exposure Evaluation of Wireless Devices EuCAP 2011 Meeting, Rome, April 2011 Flavio CUCCHIETTI Mauro FRANCAVILLA

19. 18 | Renato Scotti TELECOM ITALIA GROUP TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate Measurement Cotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012 Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement Standard development work: hand effect Great effort in evaluating the influence of the hand on SAR Measurement study Computational study Objective is to guarantee proper compliance to the specification in all reasonable use cases Flavio CUCCHIETTI Mauro FRANCAVILLA

20. 19 | Renato Scotti TELECOM ITALIA GROUP TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate Measurement Cotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012 Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement THANK YOU flavio.cucchietti@telecomitalia.it mauro.francavilla@telecomitalia.it