1. Some of the applications of Photonic Crystals (by no means a complete overview) Prof. Maksim Skorobogatiy École Polytechnique de Montréal

2. Hollow planar waveguides, resonators

3. Planar antiresonant reflecting optical (ARROW) waveguides, SiN/SiO 2 (2.1/1.46) D. Yin et al. 14 June 2004 / Vol. 12, No. 12 / OPTICS EXPRESS 2710 d c ~3.7 m  12m  Capillary 1 layer 2 layers 3 layers Sensor applications - putting the light where the analyte (gas) is

4. Tunable multichannel optical filter based on silicon photonic band gap materials actuation Y. Yi Et Al., Applied Physics Letters Volume 81, Number 22 25 November 2002 Si SiO 2 Tuneable air gap Membrane PBG Excitation of a defect mode in the air gap Elastic deformation of a membrane by applying voltage

5. Coupling to PC components from conventional WG and fibers

6. Coupling to photonic crystals from conventional WG and fibers Evanescent field coupling Fiber mode PCWG mode TM-like gap 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 frequency (c/a) even (TE-like) bands odd (TM-like) bands  X M  (  = 12, r=0.2a, h=2a) Evanescent field, and direct coupling, fiber - PCWG Extended field coupling, external beam - PCWG light cone Extended field coupling External focused beam Direct coupling Fiber modePCWG mode

7. Adiabatic theorem and continuous coupled-mode theory for efficient taper transitions in photonic crystals S.G. Johnson et al. PHYSICAL REVIEW E 66, 066608 2002 Butt coupled waveguide and a 2D Pxtal Wrong taper, tapered PC mirror has a PBG at the WG transmission frequency Correct taper, an “unzipping” PC Mirror

8. Design of photonic crystal waveguides for evanescent coupling to optical fiber tapers and integration with high-Q cavities Barclay et al., J. Opt. Soc. Am. B/Vol. 20, No. 11/November 2003 Point where fiber mode is phase matched with a PC WG mode

9. Coupling between a point-defect cavity and a line- defect waveguide in three-dimensional photonic crystal M. Okano et al., PHYSICAL REVIEW B 68, 235110 ~2003! Line defect (removed rod) and a point defect are designed to operate at a common frequency of interest Position of a waveguide has to be chosen accordingly as to guarantee a high quality factor of the WG – resonator system

10. Anomalous PC Refraction

11. Ultracompact high-efficiency polarizing beam splitter with a hybrid photonic crystal and conventional waveguide structure S. Kim et al., OPTICS LETTERS / Vol. 28, No. 23 / December 1, 2003 Ez(TM) No phase matching between an incident WG mode and an extended PC mode. Hz(TE) Incident WG mode is phase matched to an an extended PC mode + Brewster angle Constant frequency contours k in k parallel

12. Aperiodic nanophotonic design - do we really need a PC to stay cool I.L. Gheorma Et Al., Journal Of Applied Physics Volume 95, Number 3 1 February 2004 PC’s can be designed to refract the beam in a complex way Aperiodically positioned scatterers can do the same job even better

13. Resonant leaky modes above the cladding light line. Lasing. TE-like gap even (TE-like) bands odd (TM-like) bands  M K  (  = 12, r=0.3a, h=0.5a) light cone Resonant leaky modes above the light line Truly guided modes below the light line

14. Waveguide tapers and waveguide bends in AlGaAs- based two-dimensional photonic crystals (e-beam) Dinu et al. Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 83, No. 22, 1 December 2003  core =3.4 2m2m theoryexp quantum dot with a broad band emission HeNe Propagation in resonant modes above the light line exptheory PBG

15. Laser action from two-dimensional distributed feedback in photonic crystals (laser dye in organic layer, core) (cladding) M. Meier et al., Applied Physics Letters Volume 74, Number 1 4 January 1999 Symmetry points of zero group velocity due to band splitting. Standing waves - distributed feed back lasing Two guided modes in a slab Lasing at M point light cone

16. Evidence for bandedge lasing in a two-dimensional photonic bandgap polymer laser N. Moll Et Al., Applied Physics Letters Volume 80, Number 5 4 February 2002 TE TM (organic gain media, core) clad resonant leaky modes above the light line

17. Slow Light

18. Two-dimensional coupled photonic crystal resonator arrays H. Altug and J. Vuckovic, Applied Physics Letters, Volume 84, Number 2 12 January 2004 Very flat bands - considerably reduced group velocity for all directions. Application in optical delay lines, low- treshold lasers, non-linear phenomena.