1. Anatomy – Structure Physiology - Function

2. Gross Anatomy Regional Anatomy Systemic Anatomy Surface Anatomy Developmental Anatomy Microscopic Anatomy –Cytology –Histology

3. Cellular/molecular Physiology Renal Physiology Neurophysiology Cardiophysiology

4. What a structure can do depends on its specific form.

5. Chemicals –Atoms –Molecules Cellular –Organelles –Variety of shapes and functions Tissue –Epithelium –Connective –Muscular –Nervous

6. Levels (Continued) Organs –Heart –Brain Organ Systems –Integumentary –Skeletal –Muscular –Nervous –Endocrine

7. Levels (Continued) Organ System (Continued) –Cardiovascular –Lymphatic –Respiratory –Digestive –Urinary –Reproductive Organism

9. Maintain Boundaries Movement Responsiveness Digestion Metabolism Excretion Reproduction Growth

10. Nutrients Oxygen Water Temperature Pressure –Atmospheric –Hydrostatic

11. Homeostasis Stable internal environment Control Mechanism –Receptor –Control Center –Effector

12. Homeostasis (Continued) Types of Regulation –Autoregulation –Extrinsic Regulation

13. Homeostasis (Continued) Homeostatic feedback –Positive Feedback Enhances (Strengthens) the stimulus Change proceeds in same direction as original change. –Negative Feedback Most feedback mechanisms Reduces the stimulus Change proceeds in the opposite direction as original change.

14. Anatomical Position Standing erect Facing forward Feet slightly apart Arms to the side Palms facing forward (anterior) Thumbs pointing away from the body

15. Superior (Cranial or Cephalad) Inferior (Caudal) Anterior (Ventral) Posterior (Dorsal) Medial Lateral –Ipsolateral –Contralateral Directional Terms

16. Directional Terms (Continued) Intermediate Distal Proximal Superficial (Exterior) Deep (Interior)

17. Divisions of the Body Axial –Head –Neck –Trunk Appendicular –Appendages –Attachments (Girdles)

18. Planes and Sections Sagittal Plane –Midsagittal –Parasagittal

19. Planes and Sections Frontal (Coronal) Plane

20. Planes and Sections Transverse (Horizontal) Plane Sections –Cross Section –Oblique Section

21. Body Cavities Dorsal Body Cavities –Cranial Cavity Most superior Encases Brain –Vertebral (Spinal) Cavity Continuous with Cranial Cavity Encloses spinal cord

22. Body Cavities Ventral Cavities –Minor Cavities Orbital Nasal Buccal Digestive Middle Ear Synovial

23. Body Cavities Ventral Cavities –Major Cavities Thoracic –Pleural Cavities –Mediastinum »Pericardial Cavity

24. Body Cavities Ventral Cavities –Major Cavities Abdominopelvic –Abdominal –Pelvic

25. Body Cavities Abdominopelvic Regions –Right hypochondriac region –Epigastric region –Left hypochondriac region –Right lumbar region –Umbilical region –Left lumbar region –Right iliac (Inguinal) region –Hypogastric (pubic) region –Left iliac (Inguinal) region

26. Body Cavities Abdominopelvic Quadrants –Right Upper –Left Upper –Right Lower –Left Lower