1. Public bikes in Barcelona ELENA PLA PINEDA Mobility Department

2. Public bikes in Barcelona Barcelona: Mobility basic information Barcelona is the center of one of the biggest metropolitan areas in Europe: the Metropolitan Region of Barcelona that integrate 164 municipalities and 4.4 millions of inhabitants. (density: 1.359 inhabitants/km 2 ). Barcelona is a city with a high demographic density, with 1.600.000 inhabitants in 101 km 2 (density: 15.963 inhabitants/km 2 ).

3. Public bikes in Barcelona The non-motorized modes of transport (51,5%) and the public transport (32,7%) are the most used on intern displacements In the connection displacements, the public transport (49,5%) and the private transport (47,5%) have very similar proportions of use. 1,66 millions 4,37 millions Non-motorized mode Public Transport Private Transport Barcelona: Modal Distribution

4. Public bikes in Barcelona Beginning on March 2007 6000 bicycles 400 stations Coverage 49 km 2 Coverage Range 197 m Slope< 4% MUNICIPALITY TERRITORIAL COVERAGE

5. Public bikes in Barcelona TPI contracting-financing forms The public bicycle system is integrated in the advertising contract, as a part of the canon. The control mechanism is subject to the principal aim of the advertising contract. The public bicycle service system is an open request for tenders as a providing of a public service. The administration have a direct control all over the system. 1. Using a service rendering contract: Barcelona, Brussels, Sidney … models 2. Included on the advertising contracts: Oslo, Lyon, Paris … models

6. Public bikes in Barcelona Bicing is financed with the excess of the integral regulation parking system, the “Àrea Verda”, in accordance with the Fiscal Orderly establishes. Object: Safe, Sustainable, Equitable, Efficient Mobility Car use restriction instruments: Parking Integral Regulation More sustainable modes promotion: Project financing

7. Public bikes in Barcelona 2 years later...

8. Public bikes in Barcelona - 187.375 joins. - 6.000 bicycles. - 400 stations. On May 2009: customers 1.5003.0004.5006.000Bicycles:300 6 € 24 € 30 € (Annual subscription)

9. Public bikes in Barcelona PROFESSION% CUSTOMERS Student 15,86% Administrative 9,38% Engineer 7,12% Civil Service 4,86% Self-employed 4,12% Artist 3,69% Teacher 3,22% Economist 3,12% Arquitect and quantity surveyor 2,48% Manager / Director 2,26% Customers description Change in the bicycle customer role 59% of customers are older than 30 years old. Professional diversification After : Before : Professional diversification and increase of the bicycle customer average age. Use due to comfort and speed. Mainly users are young students involved with sustainability and environment.

10. Public bikes in Barcelona JOURNEY FEATURES WITH BICING Journey Average length Working days: 14,1 minutes Holidays: 17,8 minutes Distance3 km Rush Hour Example: Zona universitaria Journey features Every day 97.139 bicycle displacements take place in Barcelona Displacements / day type Summer (june) Winter (january) Working day47,06934,150 Holiday32,12719,244 48,45 % of bicycle journeys during a favourable climate working day by BICING

11. Public bikes in Barcelona Use characteristics A high percentage of customers don’t use bicing usually (29,1%) There are a large part of customers that use bicing as their habitual transport mode (27,4%) Most of the customers use bicing regularly changing with other transport modes (43,5%) DIARY USES

12. Public bikes in Barcelona INTERMODALITY 63% are realized exclusively with Bicing 37% combines Bicing with other transport modes 68,2% are obligated mobility journeys (work, studies, etc.) Bicing has assumed the role of an usual urban transport mode for all displacement reasons. Use characteristics

13. Public bikes in Barcelona Importance and Evaluation The two points considered the most important (availability) are less valuated Studies for improve: System compensation (Anchorages / Bicycles≈2) Distribution logistics Stations location (coverage) have a high valuation 6,29 Average Valuation

14. Public bikes in Barcelona Improvement priority matrix EFFORTS TO MAINTAIN STRONG POINTS SECONDARY PRIORITY PRIORITY ACTIONS Lower than average Higher than average IMPORTANCE Stations locations in relation to your needs Bicycles availability at origin Parking availability at destination stations Stations maintenance state The easy use of the stations (take and leave bicycles) Bicycle comfort and ergonomics Bicycles mechanic reliability Bicycle model adaptation to the use given Annual subscription fare Fare when the first half an hour expires Customer service at the Bicing offices The answer received after a Bicing complaint Use and operation information at the stations Studies development Actions

15. Public bikes in Barcelona 180 13.7 % 7.101 48,6% 1.0 40 32.2 % 3.587 43,7% 3.56 0 50,4 % 2 7 1 1 5, 4 % 19 4,3% 621 44,9% 240 19,4% 52 7 22,4 % DISTRICTS RELATION. TRIPS / TOTAL WORKING DAY

16. Public bikes in Barcelona Each circle diameter indicate the volume of generated trips, whereas the colour represent the α value. DAILY ASYMMETRY PER STATION DURING A WORKING DAY Asymmetry (α) is represented as the relation between generated trips (G) and attracted trips (A): α = G / A 49% of stations have a balanced asymmetric rate. Problemas de acumulación Problemas de reposicionamiento STATIONS CLASSIFICATION BY ASYMMETRY LEVEL 3% 4% 14% 22% 27% 14% 5% 2% 3% 0%5%10%15%20%25%30% < 0,60 0,60 a 0,75 0,75 a 0,90 0,90 a 1,00 1,00 a 1,10 1,10 a 1,25 1,25 a 1,40 1,40 a 1,70 1,70 a 2,00 2,00 a 3,00 > 3,00 ' Asimmetry rate (Origin/Destination) % stations EVALUATION OF SERVICES PROVIDED

17. Public bikes in Barcelona STATIONS OCCUPATION. WORKING DAY Blue circles represents the empty stations during the day, the red ones represents the completely full stations and its diameter represents the number of hours that have been full. EVALUATION OF SERVICES PROVIDED

18. Public bikes in Barcelona RUNNING CONDITIONS FUNCTIONAL ASSOCIATION OF STATIONS BY ASYMMETRY AND CENTRALITY EVALUATION OF SERVICES PROVIDED

19. Public bikes in Barcelona Investment and recovery costs The estimated global inversion global for Bicing services is 15,9 million euro, emphasizing the stations cost that represents almost the 70% and, in the distance, the bicycles cost (17%). SERVICE COST INVESTMENTS DISTRIBUTION 17% 69% 5% Bicycles Stations Control and management Information Maintenance and repair Bicycles movement Administration and structure

20. Public bikes in Barcelona Running costs Personnel cost Bicing service staff are about 230 people, 50% of them are assigned to bicycles movement. The estimated personnel cost is about 5 million euro. Estimated global service costs: 10,2 million €/year Service costs BICING SERVICE PERSONNEL 16% 26% 50% STRUCTURE ADMINISTRATION CONTROL IAND MANAGEMENT INFORMATION TO THE CUSTOMER MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR BICYCLES MOVEMENT SERVICE COST

21. Public bikes in Barcelona Media Impact March 2008November 2008February 2009

22. Public bikes in Barcelona Reflections. Social Impact. Number of visits done to the service web page is: 3.056.444 The number of customers is 187.375  more than 15% of Barcelona population (excluding old people and adolescents) 59 % of users older than 30 years old  new customer profile Large presence in the media Bicing customer  idea of being member of a “club” Recognitions: BMW Award “Medio Ambiente Generalitat” Award

23. Public bikes in Barcelona Reflections. Impacts over mobility. Metropolitan Bicing demand  other municipalities show their will of take part in the success Private bicycle growth  great boost to the bicycle as an urban transport mode Gain of “Last mille” bus users Pedestrians–cyclists tensions: Circulation Orderly  “Bicycle Orderly” “Ride a bicycle along the city is possible” Necessity of exclusive space for bicycles

24. Public bikes in Barcelona Thanks for your attention

25. Public bikes in Barcelona Reflections about the implementation and management of the Barcelona Bicycle Public Service

26. Public bikes in Barcelona Cost coverage Service collection coverage, with the actual price system, will be around 33% of running expenses and joint recoveries  (44% of expenses exclusively). Users income: Users contribution as an income concept will be around 4,5 million euro. On 2008, 90% of them corresponds to annual subscriptions, and will be between 6,5 and 7,8 million on year 2009 depending on the customers number evolution, in accordance with new fares approved for this period. ESTIMATED INCOME COVERAGE 45% 58% 64% 77% 33% 43% 48% 57% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 2008 € About expenses About expenses + recoveries Fares 2009 without subscribers growth Fares 2009 and moderate subscribers growth Fares 2009 and high subscribers growth SERVICE COST

27. Public bikes in Barcelona Availability of execute displacements on slope A quarter of users assert that they always make Bicing trips on slope. 40% of users are not used to make slope routes. EVALUATION OF SERVICES PROVIDED

28. Public bikes in Barcelona Studies execution: Studies abut mobility: Demand analysis: Origin/destiny matrix Self control by neighbourhood and zones Schedule distribution Stations imbalance Supply analysis: Territorial coverage Agility of the system Search of alternatives for demand management, and improve/adapt the supply Studies about operative optimization: Analysis: problems detection System resizing Stations, slots, bicycles, redistribution systems, etc. IMPROVEMENT MEASURES

29. Public bikes in Barcelona Improvement proposal: Most saturated and/or unbalanced zones boost: Short term measures Suggest to Clear Channel a replacement route reorganization by zones, to give an homogeneous service to unattended zones with minimum costs Densification of clusters at zones where the storage capacity is insufficient, extending the current stations when is possible, or opening new stations near to the existing ones At new programmed stations (Sants), preferably stations with 60 slots (2x30) Long term measures Periodic revision of the clusters zoning, the stock planning, and the van assignment, as the demand increase Use of a station stock control tool, for visits reassignment CL027PLAÇA CATALUNYA CL029BARCELONETA CL030HOSPITAL DEL MAR CL032VILA OLÍMPICA CL034UPF IMPROVEMENT MEASURES

30. Public bikes in Barcelona Improvement proposal: Solve of redistribution problems: Access problems to some stations Action protocol Security improvement Minimize the traffic affectation Revision of the service levels requirements (contract conditions). Improve on demand management: Incentive for customers  Auto-balance of the system IMPROVEMENT MEASURES

31. Public bikes in Barcelona 28 km of new cycle lanes More bicycle parking places (from 14,000 to 25,000) More 30 Zones (car-bicycle co-existence) Improved safety for existing cycle lanes Barcelona: GLOBAL BICYCLE PROMOTION