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Dean C. Hines [Deputy Principle Investigator] Exoplanetary Circumstellar Environments and Disk Explorer (EXCEDE): A new space telescope proposed for NASA’s.

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Presentation on theme: "Dean C. Hines [Deputy Principle Investigator] Exoplanetary Circumstellar Environments and Disk Explorer (EXCEDE): A new space telescope proposed for NASA’s."— Presentation transcript:

1 Dean C. Hines [Deputy Principle Investigator] Exoplanetary Circumstellar Environments and Disk Explorer (EXCEDE): A new space telescope proposed for NASA’s Explorers program. Space Science Institute (New Mexico Office) Glenn Schneider (PI), Olivier Guyon (PS) The University of Arizona

2 10/7/2015 Space Science Institute DCH - 2 Placing Our Solar System in Context NASA Strategic Plan subgoal 3b: “conduct advanced telescopic searches for Earth-like planets and habitable environments around other stars” Science Plan – Strategic Goals and Decadal Outcomes: “understand … the formation of planetary systems” and “create a census of extrasolar planets and measure their properties” Science Plan – Targeted Outcomes: “study the birth of … planetary systems,” and “determine what properties of a star… are most strongly correlated with the presence of habitable Earth-like planets”

3 10/7/2015 Space Science Institute DCH - 3

4 Terrestrial Planets 10/7/2015 Space Science Institute DCH - 4

5 Solar Systems 10/7/2015 Space Science Institute DCH - 5 Voyager

6 10/7/2015 Space Science Institute DCH - 6 Zodiacal Dust

7 10/7/2015 Space Science Institute DCH - 7 Zodiacal Dust

8 10/7/2015 Space Science Institute DCH - 8 A Vast Zoo of Disk Morphologies Krist et al. 2007

9 10/7/2015 Space Science Institute DCH - 9 Current Status, Limitations, Opportunities Current best contrast with HST ~ 10 -4 –Ground-based not even close! James Webb Space Telescope –Thermal coronagraphy, but –Coronagraphic performance similar to HST Planet imaging requires 10 -9 contrast –Big apertures needed –Technology not developed EXCEDE –> 10 -6 –10 -7 contrast for terrestrial orbital scales with a sub-meter class space telescope

10 EXCEDE – Science Objectives Discovery Science: Probe dust-scattered starlight within the inner (terrestrial) habitable zones of exoplanetary systems Reveal previously undetected planets by disk asymmetries Characterization Science: Directly image Jupiter-like planets in nearby system Determine properties of dust grains within circumstellar environments over a range of stellar ages Assess the growth of primordial dust grains into planetesimals by comparing dust properties over the epoch of planet formation 10/7/2015 Space Science Institute DCH - 10

11 EXCEDE – Science Objectives Discovery Science: Probe dust-scattered starlight within the inner (terrestrial) habitable zones of exoplanetary systems Reveal previously undetected planets by disk asymmetries Characterization Science: Directly image Jupiter-like planets in nearby system Determine properties of dust grains within circumstellar environments over a range of stellar ages Assess the growth of primordial dust grains into planetesimals by comparing dust properties over the epoch of planet formation 10/7/2015 Space Science Institute DCH - 11

12 10/7/2015 Space Science Institute DCH - 12 Mission Characteristics & Science Payload Orbit: Sun-synchronous, 950 km, e = 0, i = 99°, LEO Duration: 2 yr after IOC + 1 yr SEOs 50-70 cm, unobscured aperture, off-axis telescope Passive optics for wavefront error correction Phase Induced Aperture Apodization (PIAA) Coronagraph – Suppresses Telescope Diffraction Two-band polarimetric imager – Increased contrast –Grain characterization

13 10/7/2015 Space Science Institute DCH - 13 Mission Characteristics & Science Payload Orbit: Sun-synchronous, 950 km, e = 0, i = 99°, LEO Duration: 2 yr after IOC + 1 yr SEOs 50-70 cm, unobscured aperture, off-axis telescope Passive optics for wavefront error correction Phase Induced Aperture Apodization (PIAA) Coronagraph – Suppresses Telescope Diffraction Two-band polarimetric imager – Increased contrast –Grain characterization

14 10/7/2015 Space Science Institute DCH - 14 Mission Characteristics & Science Payload Orbit: Sun-synchronous, 950 km, e = 0, i = 99°, LEO Duration: 2 yr after IOC + 1 yr SEOs 50-70 cm, unobscured aperture, off-axis telescope Passive optics for wavefront error correction Phase Induced Aperture Apodization (PIAA) Coronagraph – Suppresses Telescope Diffraction Two-band polarimetric imager – Increased contrast –Grain characterization

15 10/7/2015 Space Science Institute DCH - 15 Mission Characteristics & Science Payload Orbit: Sun-synchronous, 950 km, e = 0, i = 99°, LEO Duration: 2 yr after IOC + 1 yr SEOs 50-70 cm, unobscured aperture, off-axis telescope Passive optics for wavefront error correction Phase Induced Aperture Apodization (PIAA) Coronagraph – Suppresses Telescope Diffraction Two-band polarimetric imager – Increased contrast –Grain characterization

16 10/7/2015 Space Science Institute DCH - 16 Why Polarimetry?

17 10/7/2015 Space Science Institute DCH - 17 Optics & Science Camera

18 10/7/2015 Space Science Institute DCH - 18 Optical Telescope Assembly Offset PIAA Optical Bench Re-Imaging Optics & Camera Inside Shroud Off-Axis Secondary Provides Unobscured Aperture Optimized Design Offers Maximum Throughput and No Diffraction Spikes!

19 10/7/2015 Space Science Institute DCH - 19 Probing the Habitable Zone

20 10/7/2015 Space Science Institute DCH - 20 What We Will See! EXCEDE will image regions inaccessible with current technology. For the 1 Gyr old G2V star HD 107146, EXCEDE will image the inner 60 AU where a giant planet is sculpting the system.  Cen (G2V) HD 82328 (F6IV) 3 AU EXCEDE will image ≥ 10x Zodi dust clouds orbiting inside the habitable zone for stars within ~10pc of the Earth. Detection would confirm the presence of exo-asteroid belts, with implications for terrestrial planets.

21 10/7/2015 Space Science Institute DCH - 21 Placing Our Solar System in Context NASA Strategic Plan subgoal 3b: “conduct advanced telescopic searches for Earth-like planets and habitable environments around other stars” Science Plan – Strategic Goals and Decadal Outcomes: “understand … the formation of planetary systems” and “create a census of extrasolar planets and measure their properties” Science Plan – Targeted Outcomes: “study the birth of … planetary systems,” and “determine what properties of a star… are most strongly correlated with the presence of habitable Earth-like planets”

22 10/7/2015 Space Science Institute DCH - 22 Conclusion NASA Strategic Plan subgoal 3b: “conduct advanced telescopic searches for Earth-like planets and habitable environments around other stars” Science Plan – Strategic Goals and Decadal Outcomes: “understand … the formation of planetary systems” and “create a census of extrasolar planets and measure their properties” Science Plan – Targeted Outcomes: “study the birth of … planetary systems,” and “determine what properties of a star… are most strongly correlated with the presence of habitable Earth-like planets EXCEDE meets these goals for NASA and provides a technology pathfinder for future missions to directly image exo-planets, including those that potentially harbor life!

23 10/7/2015 Space Science Institute DCH - 23 Photo Credit: J. McGraw (2008)

24 10/7/2015 Space Science Institute DCH - 24 Fin

25 10/7/2015 Space Science Institute DCH - 25

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