1. 1 Applying Information Technology to Knowledge Management for Students in Higher Education (KMSHE) Wiphada Wettayaprasit Prince of Songkla University Songkla, Thailand 28 – 30 September 2005 4 th International Conference on ICT and Higher Education Siam University, Thailand Warut Sangsuwan Songkla Rajabhat University Songkla, Thailand

2. 2 Agenda 2. Introduction to KMSHE 3. KMSHE System Design 4. Experimental Results 5. Conclusion 1. KM & Higher Education

3. 3 From ‘Economy of Scale’ to ‘Economy of Speed’. Managing knowledge systematically and effectively will support staffs in the organizations to access their required knowledge at the right time to increase productivity. KM will be an indispensable strategy to develop higher education institutions.

4. 4 2. Introduction to KMSHE Student –relating knowledge is not well – managed. No system to store and pass knowledge to the next generation students. Next generation students need to pass through the same learning process and repeat the same failures.

5. 5 KMSHE objectives Stimulate knowledge sharing and knowledge storing for student-relating knowledge via web. Allow students to share their knowledge with classmates, senior students, alumni, and other relating sources. Allow students to access required knowledge at the right time.

6. 6 3. KMSHE Design Steps 3 KMSHE Knowledge Wheel 4 KMSHE Architecture 5 KMSHE Appraisal System Problem Investigation 1 TEXT Problem Analysis 2

7. 7 3. KMSHE Design Steps KMSHE Knowledge Wheel KMSHE Architecture KMSHE Appraisal System Problem Investigation 1 TEXT 2 Problem Analysis 435

8. 8 Problem Investigation Questionnaire & Interview are used to investigate the overall problems about student-relating knowledge e.g. registration process, internship, and job application. Interested problem is identified. Its scope and nature are investigated.

9. 9 Problem Investigation Problem: Most of students (87%) are still lacking of student-relating knowledge.

10. 10 KMSHE Design Steps 3 4 5 1 TEXT Problem Analysis 2 Problem Investigation KMSHE Knowledge Wheel KMSHE Architecture KMSHE Appraisal System

11. 11 Problem Analysis Fishbone Diagram is selected as an efficient tool to scrutinize root causes of the problem. Causes of the problem are collected by asking ‘why’ that particular problem occurs and categorized all causes into groups. Problem Cause 1Cause 2 Cause 3 Cause 4

12. 12 Problem Analysis Causes of the problem are as following No systematic database or knowledge storage for student’s knowledge e.g. internship knowledge and job application knowledge No efficient system to accumulate all information and knowledge for student services Lack of learning and knowledge sharing cultures among students.

13. 13 KMSHE Design Steps 3 KMSHE Knowledge Wheel 4 5 1 TEXT 2 Problem Investigation Problem Analysis KMSHE Architecture KMSHE Appraisal System

14. KMSHE Knowledge Wheel

15. 15 KMSHE Knowledge Wheel Knowledge Generating Knowledge Sharing Knowledge Selecting Knowledge Storing Knowledge Applying Information Technology Learning Culture Knowledge Wheel Cycle

16. 16 KMSHE Design Steps 3 4 KMSHE Architecture 5 1 TEXT 2 Problem Investigation Problem Analysis KMSHE Knowledge Wheel KMSHE Appraisal System

17. 17 Job Application Knowledge Repository KMSHE Architecture Portal Weblog Forum CoE Student Knowledge Repository Internship Knowledge Repository Filter Knowledge Analyzer Users Sharing Area Selecting Area Storing Area

18. 18 KMSHE Design Steps 3 4 5 KMSHE Appraisal System 1 TEXT 2 Problem Investigation Problem Analysis KMSHE Knowledge Wheel KMSHE Architecture

19. 19 KMSHE Appraisal System: Combination of: Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) + Quality Function Deployment (QFD)

20. 20 KMSHE Appraisal System: Key Performance Indicators k 1 : A number of users logging in the system k 2 : A number of posts on forum and blog k 3 : A number of knowledge in knowledge repositories k 4 : User satisfaction to the system k 5 : Duration that students spend on finding their internship sites k 6 : Student satisfaction on the internship k 7 : Duration that students spend to find jobs after graduation Output Measurement Outcome Measurement

21. 21 KMSHE Appraisal System: User Requirements Students’ requirements on KMSHE r 1 : Source of student knowledge-base r 2 : Access the student relating processes r 3 : User friendly system r 4 : Enhance internship knowledge r 5 : Enhance job application knowledge

22. 22 KMSHE Appraisal System: Quality Function Deployment (QFD) + Positive relationship between KPIs - Negative relationship between KPIs SymbolLevel of relationshipscore ● High5 ○Medium3 Low1 ↑ This KPI should be increased. ↓ This KPI should be decreased.

23. 23 4. Experimental Results: KMSHE Website

24. 24 Experimental Results: KMSHE Website Prospective Student: Intern Current Student Job application & alumni Forum & Blog

25. 25 Experimental Results: Website components Prospective Student: Portal service consists of curriculum, tuition fee, application process, faculty, and university profiles. Current Student: Collection of all required knowledge for current students e.g. registration process, financial aid, and university services.

26. 26 Experimental Results: Website components Intern: 1.Organization database Students can search for organizations in terms of organization name, province, type of business, and type of tasks assigned. 2.Internship knowledge repository –Organization Selection –How to contact organization –Technical knowledge –Problem solving in the real situation –Lesson learned –etc.

27. 27 Experimental Results: Website components Job application & alumni –Job application knowledge repository –Portal

28. 28 Experimental Results: Website components Forum –Current Student –Intern –Job application –Alumni

29. 29 Experimental Results: Website components Weblog –For registered users to write and share their knowledge with others.

30. 30 Experimental Results:

31. 31 Experimental Results:

32. 32 5. Conclusions KMSHE stimulates the transformation of tacit knowledge to explicit knowledge. Students can access the required knowledge at the right time and have supporting knowledge for decision making with higher efficiency.

33. 33 5. Conclusions (2) KMSHE is a prototype system. It can be customized to meet the specific requirements of each organization. KMSHE can be expanded to cover other areas of knowledge management in higher education in the future e.g. –learning process –research process –curriculum development –administration process –etc.

34. 34 Knowledge Management does not provide you with the answer to your problem, rather it facilitates the learning of the answer.” Dean Call, 2005