1. The High Middle Ages Section 1: The Crusades
Section 2: The Revival of Trade
Section 3: The Growth of Towns
Section 4: Life and Culture in the Middle Ages
Section 5: Wars and the Growth of Nations
Section 6: Challenges to Church Power

2. Question: What causes and effects led to the First Crusade?
The Crusades
Question:
What causes and effects led to the First Crusade?

3. The Crusades
Turks gain control of Palestine and threaten Constantinople.
The emperor asks the pope for help.
Some 10,000 Europeans take up the cause.
Pope Urban asks European lords to free the Holy Lands from the Turks.

4. Question: What were some reasons for the revival of trade in Europe?
SECTION 2
The Revival of Trade
Question:
What were some reasons for the revival of trade in Europe?

5. The Revival of Trade Italian ships brought goods back from Asia.
Viking ships brought Asian goods to northern Europe.
The Crusades stimulated trade.
Revival of Trade
Flanders became a meeting center of different trade routes.
The Hanseatic League set up trading posts.

6. Question: What factors contributed to the decline of serfdom?
Israel and the Occupied Territories
The Growth of Towns
Question:
What factors contributed to the decline of serfdom?

7. The Growth of Towns The Decline of Serfdom
Serfs could leave for towns.
Serfs could earn money by selling crops to townspeople.
Changing agricultural methods pushed them off the land.
The Black Death killed many people in Europe so the demand for workers increased.

8. Life and Culture in the Middle Ages
Question:
What are some types of literature that were common in the Middle Ages?

9. Vernacular Literature in the Middle Ages
Life and Culture in the Middle Ages
Vernacular Literature in the Middle Ages
Kind of Literature
Characteristics
Example
troubadour songs
poems about love and chivalry
love songs
romances
fictional stories, sometimes of heroes
King Arthur and his Knights of the Round Table
fabliaux
short comic stories written in rhymed verse
“Reynard the Fox”
national epic
long poem about a hero
The Song of Roland
miracle, morality, and mystery plays
short dramas with religious or Biblical themes
“Noah’s Flood”

10. Chapter Wrap-Up CHAPTER 12
1. How did the Crusades promote an exchange of ideas and goods?
2. How did the growth of trade and towns bring changes to the feudal and manorial systems?
3. What groups lost power as Europe’s kings established strong nations?