1. POLITICAL PARTIES ORGANIZATION OF INDIVIDUALS WITH COMMON INTEREST WHO ORGANIZE TO WIN ELECTIONS, TO OPERATE THE GOVERNMENT & THEREBY INFLUENCE GOVERNMENT POLICY

2. EARLY AMERICAN POLITICAL PARTIES AMERICA HAS HAD A TWO PARTY SYSTEM FOR MANY YEARS, BUT THERE ARE OTHER POLITICAL PARTY SYSTEMS: –TWO PARTY –Democratic and Republican –MULTI PARTY –Three or more parties Canada (3) Germany (5) Israel (20+) –ONE PARTY –People and government are the same China (Communist Party)

3. EARLY AMERICAN PARTIES FEDERALIST –LED BY ALEXANDER HAMILTON –STRONG CENTRAL GOVERNMENT –LIKE/WANTED CONSTITUTION

4. EARLY AMERICAN PARTIES ANTI- FEDERALIST –THOMAS JEFFERSON LED –LIMIT POWER OF CENTRAL GOVERNMENT (FEDERAL GOVERNMENT) –BELIEVED IN STATES RIGHTS –BELIEVED IN INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS (BILL OF RIGHTS) –BECAME THE DEMOCRATIC-REPUBLICANS

5. EARLY AMERICAN PARTIES WHIGS: 1830s OPPOSITION TO DEMOCRATIC- REPUBLICANS DEMOCRATS: WHAT WAS LEFT OF DEMOCRATIC- REPUBLICANS THESE SPLIT OVER ISSUE OF SLAVERY IN 1854

6. EARLY AMERICAN PARTIES DEMOCRATS: 1854 PRO SLAVERY SOUTHERN PARTY REPUBLICANS ANTI SLAVERY NORTHERN PARTY PARTY OF ABRAHAM LINCOLN - NO SOUTHERN STATE VOTED FOR LINCOLN - SO FELT HE DID NOT REPRESENT THEM - SO THEY SECCEEDED FROM THE UNION (CIVIL WAR)

7. THIRD PARTIES ROLE IN USA SMALL PARTIES THAT DO NOT WIN MAJOR ELECTIONS BUT DO INFLUENCE OUT SOCIAL, ECONOMIC OR POLITICAL LIFE –SINGLE ISSUE: 1 THING –IDEOLOGICAL: IDEALS –INDEPENDENT CANDIDATES: PERSON

8. THIRD PARTIES ROLE IN USA POPULIST PARTY –COMBINATION OF FARMERS & LABORERS –CALLED FOR DIRECT ELECTION OF SENATORS: (17 AMEND) –CALLED FOR AN 8 HOUR WORKDAY

9. THIRD PARTIES ROLE IN USA PROGRESSIVE PARTY –BULL MOOSE PARTY –PROMOTED DIRECT PRIMARY TO GIVE MORE VOICE IN GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS –IDEA FOR POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY INITIATIVE REFERENDUM –INTENDED TO GIVE VOTERS MORE POWER TO MAKE LAWS

10. THIRD PARTIES ROLE IN USA PROHIBITION PARTY –ALSO CALLED SINGLE ISSUE PARTY –DON’T LAST LONG –FADE AWAY WHEN ISSUE NO LONGER IMPORTANT –1872, AGAINST ALCOHOL AND WANTED TO BAN THE SALE OF ALCOHOL

11. THIRD PARTIES ROLE IN USA SOCIALIST LABOR PARTY –IDEOLOGICAL PARTY BASED ON SOCIALISM WHERE GOVERNMENT HAS MUCH CONTROL OVER LIVES OF INDIVIDUALS

12. THIRD PARTIES ROLE IN USA COMMUNIST PARTY –IDEOLOGICAL PARTY BASED ON KARL MARX COMMUNIST IDEALS WHERE GOVERNMENT OWNS ALL MEANS OF PRODUCTION

13. THIRD PARTIES ROLE IN USA LIBERTARIAN PARTY –IDEOLOGICAL PARTY BASED IDEA THAT GOVERNMENT SHOULD NOT BE INVOLVED IN PEOPLES LIVES

14. THIRD PARTIES ROLE IN USA INDEPENDENT –NO PARTY AFFILIATION –RUN WITHOUT PARTY BACKING –H. ROSS PEROT 1992

15. THIRD PARTIES ROLE IN USA REFORM PARTY –IDEALOGICAL PARTY THAT PROMOTES REFORMS IN SOCIETY AND GOVERNMENT –ROSS PEROT 1996

16. THIRD PARTIES ROLE IN USA OBSTACLES TO THIRD PARTIES –THESE DO NOT WIN MAJOR ELECTIONS BECAUSE THEY DO NOT HAVE THE MONEY OR NUMBERS TO WIN BUT THEY ARE GAINING POWER

17. PARTY SYSTEMS IN WORLD TWO PARTY SYSTEM: –USA & GREAT BRITIAN MULTI PARTY SYSTEM: –GERMANY (5), ISRAEL (20+), CANADA (30) –COALITITION GOVERNMENTS COMPETE FOR GOVERNMENT CONTROL ONE PARTY SYSTEM: –CHINA, CUBA, NORTH KOREA, VIETNAM PARTY AND GOVERNMENT NEARLY THE SAME

18. DIFFERNCES IN TWO PARTIES OF USA WHAT PARTY’S SYMBOL?

19. DIFFERNCES IN TWO PARTIES OF USA WHAT PARTY’S SYMBOL? NICKNAME: GRAND OLD PARTY

20. DIFFERNCES IN TWO PARTIES OF USA WHAT PARTY’S PLATFORM? –PRO LIFE –DEATH PENALTY GOOD –LESS INVOLVEMENT –TRICKLE DOWN EFFECT ECONOMY –RIGHT TO GUNS –AGAINST GAY MARRIAGES WHAT PARTY’S PLATFORM? –PRO ABORTION –LIMIT DEATH PENALTY –GOVM’T REGULATION OF ECONOMY –HIGHER TAXES –MORE INVOLVEMENT IN LIFE –GUN CONTROL

21. DIFFERNCES IN TWO PARTIES OF USA WHAT PARTY’S PLATFORM? –REPUBLICANS WHAT PARTY’S PLATFORM? –DEMOCRATS

22. WHAT PARTY?

24. PLATFORM A series of statements expressing the party’s principles, beliefs, and positions on election issues. Each individual part of the platform is called a plank. Platforms communicates to voters what the party claims it will do if it wins.

25. CH 9 SECT 2: Role of Political Parties Today ORGANIZATION OF THE AMERICAN POLITICAL PARTIES

26. NATIONAL PARTY ORGANIZATION EACH PARTY HAS A NATIONAL COMMITTEE –RAISE FUNDS PRESIDENT AND ORGANIZE NATIONAL CONVENTION –DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL COMMITTEE – Debbie Wasserman Schultz NATIONAL CHAIRPERSON –REPUBLICAN NATIONAL COMMITTEE –REINCE PRIEBUS NATIONAL CHAIRPERSON

27. NATIONAL CONVENTION MOST IMPORTANT JOB IS TO NOMINATE A CANDIDATE TO RUN FOR THE PARTY IN THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION HELD ONCE EVERY 4 YEARS USUALLY ONLY WORK ON NATIONAL ELECTIONS

28. STATE PARTY ORGANIZATION 50 OF THESE FOR EACH PARTY –NC DEMOCRATIC PARTY –NC REPUBLICAN PARTY –KEY JOB: GET CANDIDATES ELECTED TO STATE OFFICES AND SOMETIMES HELP IN NATIONAL ELECTIONS –GOVERNOR, ATTORNEY GENERAL, STATE LEGISLATORS, ETC

29. LOCAL PARTY ORGANIZATIONS 1000s OF THESE FOR BOTH PARTIES –ROBESON COUNTY DEMOCRATIC PARTY –ROBESON COUNTY REPUBLICAN PARTY –WORK ON ALL THREE LEVEL ELECTIONS NATIONAL, STATE AND LOCAL

30. LOCAL PARTY ORGANIZATIONS DIVISIONS OF LOCAL LEVELS –PRECINCT: GEOGRAPHICAL AREA THAT CONTAINS A SPECIFIC NUMBER OF VOTERS ONE MAN, ONE VOTE SMALL TOWN/CITY, NEIGHBORHOODS –WARDS: SEVERAL CONNECTED PRECINCTS TOGETHER TO MAKE UP A LARGER ELECTION UNIT

31. LOCAL PARTY ORGANIZATIONS POLITICAL MACHINES: –STRONG LOCAL PARTY ORGANZATIONS THAT HAVE LITTLE OR NO OPPOSITION –NYC: TAMMANY HALL: «BOSS TWEED » –RICH: KICKBACKS AND BRIBES –FAILS TO REPRESENT/LISTEN TO THE PEOPLE –MOST MEMBER ENDED UP IN PRISON

32. MEMBERSHIP IN POLITICAL PARTIES DO NOT HAVE TO JOIN DO NOT HAVE TO VOTE FOR PARTY CANDIDATE IF YOU ARE A MEMBER REPUBLICAN COULD HAVE VOTED FOR OBAMA IF THEY WANTED TO OFFER EVERY CITIZEN A GREAT WAY TO GET INVOLVED IN POLITICS POLITICAL PARTIES DEPEND ON CITIZEN INVOLVEMENT TO ACCOMPLISH THEIR GOALS

33. ROLE OF POLITICAL PARTIES MAIN ROLE: –GET THEIR CANDIDATES ELECTED TO OFFICE –OR NOMINATED TO RUN FOR OFFICE SO THEY CAN GET ELECTED

34. ROLE OF POLITICAL PARTIES ELECTION PROCESS –PRIMARY ELECTIONS 5/6 MONTH BEFORE GENERAL ELECTIONS DIRECT PRIMARY- ELECTION VOTES CHOOSE CANDIDATES TO REPRESENT EACH PARTY IN A GENERAL ELECTION –OPEN OR CLOSED RUNOFFS IF NO ONE RECEIVES A MAJORITY IN SOME STATES –GENERAL ELECTIONS NOVEMBER FIRST TUESDAY AFTER THE FIRST MONDAY

35. INDEPENDENT CANDIDATE NO PARTY AFFILIATION SO HOW DO THEY GET ON THE BALLOT? –PETITION

36. ROLES OF POLITICAL PARTIES GET CANDIDATE ELECTED TO OFFICE CAMPAIGNING FOR CANDIDATE INFORMING GOVERNMENT OF PEOPLE’S IDEAS HELPING MANAGE GOVERNMENT LINKING DIFFERENT LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT ACT AS A WATCHDOG OVER GOVERNMENT

37. CH 10 SECTION 1 WHO CAN VOTE????

38. Qualifying to Vote 18 YEARS OLD RESIDENT OF NC FOR 30 DAYS CITIZEN OF USA REGISTERED TO VOTE

39. VOTER REGISTRATION Registration –25 - 30 days before elections 1995 National Voter Registration Act –Renew their drivers’ licenses –Also through various state and welfare offices and agencies serving people with disabilities. –First time voters must show proof of citizenship, address, and age using a driver’s license or birth certificate.

40. STEPS IN VOTING POLLING PLACE: WHERE YOU GO TO VOTE: –MARIETTA COMMUNITY BUILDING –FAIRMONT: POLICE STATION OR LIBRARY –ROWLAND: POLICE STATION –7AM TO 8 PM

41. STEPS IN VOTING PRECINCT: GEOGRAPHICAL AREA MADE UP OF Proportionally EQUAL NUMBERS OF VOTERS EACH PRECINCT HAS A POLLLING PLACE –TOWN HALLS, SCHOOLS, FIRE STATATIONS, COMMUNITY CENTER, OR OTHER PUBLIC BUILDINGS

42. AT THE POLLS CLERKS TABLE: –TELL NAME, CHECK OFF AND GIVE BALLOT (ONLY CHECK POLITICAL PARTY WHEN?) BALLOT: –THE DOCUMENT YOU VOTE ON –DIFFERENT KINDS EXIST AND EACH LOCAL ELECTION BOARD DETERMINES THE BALLOT FORMS

43. CASTING THE VOTE: VOTING MACHINES LEVER MACHINE

44. CASTING THE VOTE: VOTING MACHINES PAPER BALLOT OPTICALLY READ (BUBBLES)

45. CASTING THE VOTE: VOTING MACHINES COMPUTER BALLOT

46. CASTING THE VOTE: VOTING MACHINES PUNCH CARD BALLOT

47. ABSENTEE VOTING ABSENTEE BALLOT: USED IF YOU CAN NOT POSSIBILLY GET TO THE POLLING PLACE ON ELECTION DAY –ELECTION BOARD TO GET –MAIL TO YOU TODAY

48. COUNTING THE BALLOT RETURNS: OFFICIAL COURTS OF ELECTION POLLS => CERTIFIED BY STATE –COUNTED AT POLLING PLACE –COUNTED AT COUNTY LEVEL –COUNTED AT STATE LEVEL AND CERTIFIED –EXIT POLLS UNOFFICIAL COUNTS

49. WHY YOUR VOTE MATTERS ELECTORATE: PEOPLE ELIGIBLE TO VOTE APATHY: LACK OF INTEREST NOBODY CARES

50. CH 10.2: ELECTION CAMPAIGN TYPES OF ELECTIONS

51. GENERAL ELECTIONS FIRST TUESDAY AFTER THE FIRST MONDAY IN NOVEMBER –SUPER TUESDAY –WHO IS ELECTED? OFFICIALS AT ALL LEVELS

52. VOTING ON ISSUES INITIATIVE: PEOPLE DRIVEN GRASSROOTS PROJECT THAT ENDS UP ON BALLOT PROPOSITION: ITEM PUT ON BALLOT FOR PEOPLE TO VOTE ON REFERENDUM: GOVERNMENT DRIVEN MOVEMENT & PUT ON BALLOT

53. SPECIAL ELECTIONS RECALL: VOTE TO GET RID OF AN ELECTED OFFICIAL AT STATE AND LOCAL LEVELS RUNOFFS: PRIMARY ELECTIONS TO DECIDE WHO WILL WIN MAJORITY IF NO ONE DID IN FIRST PRIMARY

54. PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS NOMINATION: NATIONAL NOMINATION CONVENTION (NATIONAL CONVENTION) CAMPAIGNING VOTING –POPULAR VOTE –ELECTORAL VOTE –WINNER-TAKE-ALL SYSTEM

55. REVIEW List 3 ways the Democratic and Republican Party differ.

56. Elections and Public Opinion Chapter 10 Section 3

57. Paying for Elections Takes a great deal of money ($3 billion every 4 years) to run a successful campaign. Campaigns convince the public to vote for a particular candidate. Campaign workers use several techniques to accomplish their goals.

58. Campaigning Canvassing- door-to-door to solicit voters or neighborhoods. Endorsements- Famous and popular person supports candidate Advertising- Create an image to present to public on TV, posters, ads Propaganda-use of emotions to convince citizens to vote a certain way

59. Financing Campaign Public Funding: Presidential Campaign Election Fund Private Funding: Individual citizens, party organizations, corporations, interest groups, soft money donations and PAC’s Soft Money- Money given to political party and no designed for a particular candidate. Used for National TV ads. PAC’s (Political Action Committee)- Way for labor unions, special-interest groups and corporations to donate money legally.

60. Public Opinion Ideas and attitudes that most people hold about elected officials, candidates, government and political issues Helps shape decisions of presidents Not uniform-everyone does not hold the same opinion

61. Influences on Public Opinion 1. Personal Background-religion, age, race, socio-economic 2. Mass Media-newspapers, TV, radio, Internet 3. Public Officials- president, senators, mayor 4. Interest Groups

62. CH 11: PUBLIC OPINION MISNOMER: WRONG NAME WATCH DID EVERYONE HAVE SAME OPINION?

63. PUBLIC OPINION IDEAS OR OPINIONS THAT MOST PEOPLE HOLD ABOUT AN ISSUE AREAS THAT HAVE AN IMPACT ON YOUR PUBLIC OPINION –PERSONAL BACKGROUND –MASS MEDIA –PUBLIC OFFICIALS –INTEREST GROUPS –HOBBIES –ETC

64. COMPONENTS OF PUBLIC OPINION DIRECTION: POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE INTENSITY: STRENGTH OF THE OPINION YOU HOLD ON A GIVEN ISSUE STABILITY: HOW FIRMLY PEOPLE HOLD TO THEIR VIEWS

65. MEASURES OF PUBLIC OPINION POLLS: WHERE YOU ARE ASKED HOW YOU FEEL ABOUT A SUBJECT IN A SERIES OF QUESTIONS I CAN CREATE WHAT POSITION I WANT BY ASKING THE QUESTION THE RIGHT WAY: LOADED QUESTIONS RANDOM SAMPLES: 1500 PEOPLE POLLS IMPORTANT TO DEMOCRACY

66. CHAPTER 11.2 THE MASS MEDIA TYPES OF MEDIA –PRINT MEDIA: NEWSPAPERS, MAG, BOOKS –ELECTRONIC MEDIA:INTERNET, PHONES, TV

67. MEDIA’S IMPACT SET PUBLIC AGENDA CANDIDATES AND ELECTIONS: MEDIA BIAS IN FAVOR OF WHAT PARTY????? ELECTED OFFICIALS: LEAKS INFO ABOUT THEM WATCHDOG ROLE: MEDIA & NATIONAL SECURITY: CAREFUL

68. PROTECTING THE MEDIA JOHN PETER ZENGER CASE: FREEDOM OF PRESS SCHENCK V. US CASE FIRST AMENDMENT FREEDOM OF SPEECH PROTECTS AGAINST GOVM’T ISSUEING PRIOR RESTRAINT: GOVM’T CENSORSHIP OF MATERIAL BEFORE IT IS PUBLISHED: CANNOT DO THIS OBAMA’S WAR ON FOX NEWS CHANNEL IS THIS UNCONSTITUTIONAL???? HELD MEETING IN WHITE HOUSE AND DID NOT AND DOES NOT HAVE A CORESPONDENCE WITH THIS MEDIA CENTER????

69. CHAPTER 11. 3: INTEREST GROUPS WHAT IS AN INTEREST GROUP? GROUP OF INDIVIDUALS THAT JOIN TO GETHER TO PROMOTE SOME ISSUE THEY AGREE ON –TYPES: ECONOMIC INTEREST GROUPS PRIVATE INTEREST GROUPS SPECIAL CAUSE INTEREST GROUPS PUBLIC INTEREST GROUPS

70. INFLUENCE ON GOVM’T ELECTION ACTIVITIES: PACS GOING TO COURT LOBBYING LAWMAKERS: LOBBYIST

71. TECHNIQUES OF INTEREST GROUPS ENDORSEMENTS STACKED CARDS NAME CALLING GLITTERING GENERALITIES SYMBOLS JUST PLAIN FOLKS BANDWAGON

72. REGULATION OF THESE GROUPS FEDERAL ELECTION CAMPAIGN ACT OF 1971 FEERAL REGULATION OF LOBBBYING ACT OF 1946