3. Non-voters –59.9 million people not registered in 1992 – most common reason; may be due to high mobility –No interest in politics, negative view of government, can’t make time, low voter efficacy

4. Are turnout rates cause for concern? How to get out the voteHow to get out the vote –Election day – Sunday?/National Holiday –Make requirement – illegal to not vote in Brazil –Appeal to direct participation: initiative, referendum, recall

5. Voter Turnout in Presidential Elections

10. Issues and Problems Fraud –p–provisional and absentee balloting Voter ID cards –F–Fraud reduction or voter suppression Computerized Voting –O–Optical scan vs. touch screen