1. Turtles, Mammals & Birds

2. Vertebrate Ancestry Revisited

3. Tetrapoda

4. Class Amphibia Quadrupedal Controversy surrounding ancestor Lungfish? Lobe-finned Rhipidistian? Coelocanth?

5. Amphibian Characteristics Webbed feet No claws Moist skin Metamorphosis

6. Amphibian Taxonomy Class Amphibia Order Gymnophiona Caecilians Order Caudata Salamanders and Newts Order Anura Toads and Frogs

7. Amniotes

8. Chorion Gas exchange and blood vessels Amnion Sac enclosing embryo Allantois Gas diffusion and waste excretion Yolk sac Food

9. Classification of Amniotes Temporal fenestrae

10. Class Reptilia Order Crocodilia Crocodiles, caimans and alligators Order Rhynchocephalia Tuataras Order Squamata Lizards, snakes and amphisbaenids Order Testudines Turtles

11. Reptilian Characteristics Ectothermic Scales Oviparous 3-chambered heart Sexual Reproduction

12. Turtle History Triassic deposits Oldest fossils 210 MY Marine: 120 MY Archelon Largest turtle Cheyenne River, SD Archelon

13. Order Testudines Characteristics

16. Turtle Taxonomy Class Reptilia Subclass Anapsida Order Testudines Family Cheloniidae Marine Turtles Family Dermochelyidae Leatherback Turtle