1. Introduction to Packet Accelerator (PA)

2. Communication Models Network Access Ethernet ARP FDDI Internet IP Host-to-Host TCP UDP Application TELNET FTP SMTP DARPA Model Physical Data Link Network Transport Session Presentation Application OSI Model

3. OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) Layers Physical Data Link Network Transport Session Presentation Application OSI Model

4. Transport Layer 4 UDP, TCP, DCCP, SCTP PortProtocolUsage 1TCP/UDPTCPMUX (TCP Port Service Multiplexer) 20TCPFTP 25TCPSMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) 67-68UDPBOOTP (also used as DHCP) 69UDPTFTP (Trivial FTP) 80TCPHTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) 109TCPPOPv2 (Post Office Protocol) 110TCPPOPv3 1023TCP/UDPReserved 1024-49151TCP/UDPRegistered Ports 49152-65535TCP/UDPDynamic or Private Ports Common Ports

5. Network Layer 3 Ipv4, Ipv6, ICMP, ICMPv6, ECN,IGMP IpSec (tunneling) – encryption of the IP addresses and assignment of new IP addresses (Virtual Private Network) Same destination might have multiple new IP addresses

6. Data Link Layer 2 Ethernet 802.3, Token Ring 802.5, PPP, X.25, FDDI, ISDN, Frame Relay, ECN,IGMP

7. Sending and Receiving a Packet Data Link Layer 2 MAC address & FCS Network Layer 3 IP Address Transport Layer Layer 4 Port Number & Checksum Application Layer Presentation/Session Physical