1. Your LOGO Dick Vriend Capgemini GSM-R performances in High Speed Railway Environments Requirements at GSM-Rail bearer for ETCS usage Version t

2. Your LOGO Dick Vriend CapgeminiAugust 31st 2007 GSM-Rail Performance in High Speed Railway Environments2 GSM-Rail performance requirements for ETCS: 1.whether this requirement needs to be this fierce for ETCS 2.are the QoS requirements beyond the limitations of GSM-R network technology 3.do the current specifications reflect the quality in the GSM-R data transmission sufficiently.

3. Your LOGO Dick Vriend CapgeminiAugust 31st 2007 GSM-Rail Performance in High Speed Railway Environments3 Dick Vriend Test Manager GSM-Rail, the Netherlands Period 2001 - Present Low speed tracks (National railways) – 3,000 km –130 kmph max –Voice communication Freight Line (Betuweroute) –ETCS Level 2 –160 km –130 kmph max High Speed Line –ETCS Level 2 –100 km –330 kmph max

4. Your LOGO Dick Vriend CapgeminiAugust 31st 2007 GSM-Rail Performance in High Speed Railway Environments4 National railways, 3,000 km Amsterdam Brussel Rotterdam Belgium Sites Germany HSL-zuid Betuweroute HSL: 125 km Betuweroute: 160 km

5. Your LOGO Dick Vriend CapgeminiAugust 31st 2007 GSM-Rail Performance in High Speed Railway Environments5

6. Your LOGO Dick Vriend CapgeminiAugust 31st 2007 GSM-Rail Performance in High Speed Railway Environments6 GSM-Rail characteristics: Downlink: 921 – 925 MHz Uplink: 876 – 880 MHz 200 kHz channel spacing 19 GSM-R ARFCN channels from #955 to #973 Next to E-GSM (974) 45 MHz channel separation FDMA / TDMA Coverage sectorised only (azimuth 60 or 30 degrees) convolutional encoding and block interleaving No frequency hopping Location Dependent addressing / Functional Addressing BTS output power: 50 watt / 47 dBm Radio module: 8 watt / 39 dBm circuit switched

7. Your LOGO Dick Vriend CapgeminiAugust 31st 2007 GSM-Rail Performance in High Speed Railway Environments7 Abbr.QoS parameterRequirement System Quality parameters CoverageCoverage requirement for Train Radio-92 / -95 dBm Handover failure rate C/ICarrier to Interference Ratio> 12 dB RxQualReceive Quality of the 26-TDM frames0 - 7 End-to-end service quality parameters CEDConnection Establishment Delay of MO- calls < 6 seconds CEERConnection Establishment Error Ratio< 10 -2 (95%) TDData Transfer time of c/s connections< 500 ms (95%) CLRConnection Loss Rate<10 -2 /hr Handover Break time< 500 ms VQ / MOSVoice Quality / Mean Opinion ScoreMOS ≥4 BERBit Error Rate<10 -4 FERFrame (Datagram) Error Rate TIRTransmission Interference RateTIR violations <10 -2 /hr

8. Your LOGO Dick Vriend CapgeminiAugust 31st 2007 GSM-Rail Performance in High Speed Railway Environments8 NSSISDN Mobile TE RBC / Inter- locking BSSUmUm ETCS Communication Onboard Unit

9. Your LOGO Dick Vriend CapgeminiAugust 31st 2007 GSM-Rail Performance in High Speed Railway Environments9 NSSISDN Mobile TE RBC / Inter- locking BSSUmUm End-to-End measurement setup between I GSM and I fix UmUm I fix I GSM Onboard Unit

10. Your LOGO Dick Vriend CapgeminiAugust 31st 2007 GSM-Rail Performance in High Speed Railway Environments10 RBC Inter- locking End-to-End measurement setup between I GSM and I fix How to determine the End-to-End Transmission Quality ?

11. Your LOGO Dick Vriend CapgeminiAugust 31st 2007 GSM-Rail Performance in High Speed Railway Environments11 NSSISDN Mobile TE RBC / Inter- locking BSSUmUm ETCS Communication I fix I GSM Onboard Unit 22:09:54.930> 123: mP Jules 22:09:54.930> 124: mP Jules 22:09:54.930> 125: mP Jules 22:09:54.930> 126: mP Jules 22:09:54.930> 127: mP Jules 9,600 bps, V.110 protocol transparent bearer uplink downlink 22:09:54.930> 123: mP Jules 22:09:54.930> 124: mP Jules 22:09:54.930> 125: mP Jules 22:09:54.930> 126: mP Jules 22:09:54.930> 127: mP Jules

12. Your LOGO Dick Vriend CapgeminiAugust 31st 2007 GSM-Rail Performance in High Speed Railway Environments12 Bit stream Bit in Error Error free Number of received bits in error Total number of received bits BER = Datagram 30 octects 2,000 bits in error 40,000,000 total bits = 0.5 x 10 -4 FER = Number of received frames in error Total number of received frames

13. Your LOGO Dick Vriend CapgeminiAugust 31st 2007 GSM-Rail Performance in High Speed Railway Environments13 Datagram in error Datagram error free error free periods (EFP) Periods in error > 7 sec < 1 sec Transmission Interference Rate / TIR TIR Violation if EP>1 sec or EFP<7 sec Requirement: < 1 violation per 100 hrs = datagram of 30 octets Requirement: < 1 violation per 400 hrs

14. Your LOGO Dick Vriend CapgeminiAugust 31st 2007 GSM-Rail Performance in High Speed Railway Environments14 handover Handover zone = datagram of 30 octets Datagram in error Datagram error free

15. Your LOGO Dick Vriend CapgeminiAugust 31st 2007 GSM-Rail Performance in High Speed Railway Environments15 Time < 7 seconds 1 bit error -> datagram -> ca 31 millisecond handover Handover zone = TIR violation = datagram of 30 octets Datagram in error Datagram error free

16. Your LOGO Dick Vriend CapgeminiAugust 31st 2007 GSM-Rail Performance in High Speed Railway Environments16 handover Handover zone = datagram of 30 octets Datagram in error Datagram error free

17. Your LOGO Dick Vriend CapgeminiAugust 31st 2007 GSM-Rail Performance in High Speed Railway Environments17 Datagram in error Datagram error free handover Handover zone = datagram of 30 octets 1 error-free received datagram TIR violation ?

18. Your LOGO Dick Vriend CapgeminiAugust 31st 2007 GSM-Rail Performance in High Speed Railway Environments18 Datagram in error Datagram error free handover Handover zone = datagram of 30 octets 1 error-free received datagram TIR violation ?

19. Your LOGO Dick Vriend CapgeminiAugust 31st 2007 GSM-Rail Performance in High Speed Railway Environments19 22:09:54.930> 123: mP Jules 22:09:54.980> 124: mP Jules 22:09:55.030> 125: mP Jules 22:09:55.090> 126: mP Jules 22:09:55.140> 127: mP Jules 22:09:55.180> 128: mP Jules 22:09:55.240> 129: mP Jules 22:09:55.300> 130: mP Jules 22:09:55.360> 131: mP Jules Received datagrams of 30 octets

20. Your LOGO Dick Vriend CapgeminiAugust 31st 2007 GSM-Rail Performance in High Speed Railway Environments20 22:09:54.930> 123: mP Jules 22:09:55.vb n 124: mP Jules 22:09:54.980> 125: mP Jules 22:09:55.030> 126: mP Jules 22:09:55.140> 127: mP Jules 22:09:55.180> 128: mP Jules 22:09:55.300> 130: mP Jules 22:09:55.390> 130: mP Jules Htregfvhrevfjjgfdfdjbv tr YYles 22:09:55.360> 132: mP Jules Received datagrams of 30 octets = TIR violation EFP < 7 sec

21. Your LOGO Dick Vriend CapgeminiAugust 31st 2007 GSM-Rail Performance in High Speed Railway Environments21 22:09:54.930> 123: mP Jules 22:09:54.980> 124: mP Jules 22:09:55.030> 125: mP Jules 22:09:55.090> 126: mP Julesˌ 22:09:55.140> 127: mP Jules 22:09:55.180> 128: mP Jules 22:09:55.240> 129: mP Jules 22:09:55.300> 130: mP Jules 22:09:55.360> 131: mP Jules Received datagrams of 30 octets TIR violation ?? YES, If checked on send versus received No, If checked on CRC16

22. Your LOGO Dick Vriend CapgeminiAugust 31st 2007 GSM-Rail Performance in High Speed Railway Environments22 Previous version Subset-093: 1 / 7 seconds rule (Error Period / Error-free period 99% of all periods in error < 1.0 seconds 95% of all periods in error < 0.8 seconds Latest version Subset-093: Considering all periods: 99% of all error-free periods > 7 seconds 95% of all error-free periods > 20 seconds 99% of all periods in error < 1.0 seconds 95% of all periods in error < 0.8 seconds 99% of all error-free periods > 7 seconds 95% of all error-free periods > 20 seconds

23. Your LOGO Dick Vriend CapgeminiAugust 31st 2007 GSM-Rail Performance in High Speed Railway Environments23 Handover zones 300 kmph 5 km per 60 sec 5 – 6 km or 60 sec 7 sec30 sec20 sec 7 sec A random bit error causes a TIR violation: on 20 sec: 67% on 7 sec: 25%

24. Your LOGO Dick Vriend CapgeminiAugust 31st 2007 GSM-Rail Performance in High Speed Railway Environments24 GSM-Rail performance Requirements for ETCS: 1.whether this requirement needs to be this fierce for ETCS 2.are the QoS requirements beyond the limitations of GSM-R network technology 3.do the current specifications reflect the quality in the GSM-R data transmission sufficiently.

25. Your LOGO Dick Vriend CapgeminiAugust 31st 2007 GSM-Rail Performance in High Speed Railway Environments25 GSM-Rail performance Requirements for ETCS: 1.whether this requirement needs to be this fierce for ETCS  ETCS as safety system requires reliable / high quality data link  GSM-R widely used in Europe  Current high specifications not been demonstrated yet  No indications from ETCS industry or Railway operators that GSM-R is not sufficient 2.are the QoS requirements beyond the limitations of GSM-R network technology 3.do the current specifications reflect the quality in the GSM-R data transmission sufficiently.

26. Your LOGO Dick Vriend CapgeminiAugust 31st 2007 GSM-Rail Performance in High Speed Railway Environments26 GSM-Rail performance Requirements for ETCS: 1.whether this requirement needs to be this fierce for ETCS 2.are the QoS requirements beyond the limitations of GSM-R network technology  GSM-R radio modules  GSM air interface  Difference test trajectories versus operational networks 3.do the current specifications reflect the quality in the GSM-R data transmission sufficiently.

27. Your LOGO Dick Vriend CapgeminiAugust 31st 2007 GSM-Rail Performance in High Speed Railway Environments27 GSM-Rail performance Requirements for ETCS: 1.whether this requirement needs to be this fierce for ETCS 2.are the QoS requirements beyond the limitations of GSM-R network technology 3.do the current specifications reflect the quality in the GSM-R data transmission sufficiently.  TIR specification still evolving  Not yet finalized

28. Your LOGO Dick Vriend CapgeminiAugust 31st 2007 GSM-Rail Performance in High Speed Railway Environments28 ERTMS = ETCS && GSM-R JOINT APPROACH

29. Your LOGO Dick Vriend Capgemini GSM-R performances in High Speed Railway Environments Thanks for your attention Dick Vriend dick.vriend@capgemini.com +31 6 4792 4153