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Published byDeborah Baldwin Modified over 9 years ago
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Alexander the Great
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I.Macedonia—kingdom located north of Greece
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1. King Philip II—359 B.C., formed Macedonians into formidable army, attacked and defeated Greece
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2.Alexander the Great—336 B.C., after his father’s death, Alexander proclaimed himself king of Macedonia
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A. Conquered Persian Empire and much of Eastern Asia with any army that was at war for 11 years and marched 11,000 miles
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The Battle of Alexander at Issus
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Detail of The Battle of Alexander at Issus
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B. He died one year after his return to Macedonia from a fever just short of his 33 rd birthday
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C. Alexander spread Greek culture to all the regions he conquered despite having their own unique culture.
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II. Hellenistic Culture: Greek culture mixed with Egyptian, Persian and Indian influences
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1. Alexandria—the city located at the western side of the Nile delta was the center of Hellenistic culture
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2. Alexandria was at the crossroads of three continents: 1. Europe 1. Europe 2. Asia 2. Asia 3. Africa 3. Africa
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2. It was an international city with a rich mixture of cultures, customs and traditions
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3. Alexandria contained statues, palaces, lighthouses, museums, libraries and temples
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III.Science and Technology– until the 16 th and 17 th centuries, Alexandria provided most of the scientific know- ledge available to the west
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1.Astronomy—Alexandria contained a small observatory in which astronomers could study the planets and stars
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2. Math and Physics: A. Euclid—mathematician who opened a school in Alexandria and whose works are still the basis for courses in geometry
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B.Archimedes—estimated the value of π (pi) and invented the lever and the pulley
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3. Philosophy and Art: A. Stoicism—founded by Zeno (335-263 B.C.) -believed a divine power controlled the universe
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-believed people should lead a virtuous life and avoid desire, power and wealth -believed people should lead a virtuous life and avoid desire, power and wealth
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B.Epicureans—founded by Epicurus -claimed the universe was made up of atoms and ruled by gods who had no interest in humans
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-Goal-pursue human pleasure -Goal-pursue human pleasure
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By 150 B.C., the Hellenistic world was declining and a new city, Rome, was growing and gaining strength.
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Your review packet must include the following: *Vocabulary Sheet *Athens vs. Sparta Chart *Contributions Mind-Map
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