1. Verb tenses

2. How many verb tenses are there in German? How many verb tenses will I study in school? There are 10 verb tenses that we study in German here at Hale 1 Present Präsens 4 PastVergangenheit 2 FutureFutur 1 Subjunctive Kunjunktiv –Conditional 2 PassivePasiv We won’t necessarily discuss Passive this year

3. What are the types of verbs in the present tense? Present Tense There are 5 types of verbs in the present tense. Regular spielen basteln wandern Irregular seinwissen Stem Changing essen schlafen Separable Prefix ausgehen mitkommen Modal müssen dürfen können sollen wollen mögen

4. What are the rules for verb conjugati on? Are there any exception s to the rules? There are 2 steps to conjugating regular verbs –Drop the ending –Add the appropriate ending There are 3 exceptions to the rule –Stem ending in d, t or n, add est or et Du findest Du zeichnest –Stem ending in s sound, no st just t Du tanzt Du heisst –Magical e in eln verbs Ich segle Ich bastle

5. Is there a pattern for irregular verbs? Irregular verbs are verbs that do not follow a regular verb conjugation pattern Ich binweiss Dubistweisst Er sie esistweiss Wirsindwissen Ihrseidwisst Sie siesindwissen

6. How do or stem changing verbs change? Stem Changing verbs, there is a spelling change in the stem in the du and er sie forms only, but the endings are regular. Schlafen, fahren, –Ich schlafe. Du schläfst Geben, essen –Ich gebe. Du isst. Sehen, lesen –Ich sehe. Du siehst Haben, nehmen –Du hast. Du nimmst

7. How do you use separab el prefix verbs? Separable prefix verbs When the verb is the first or conjugated verb, the prefix goes to the end of the sentence. ausgehen. To go uot –Ich gehe mit Freunde aus. anprobieren to try on –Ich probieren das Hemd an. anziehen to put on/wear –Ich soll den Anzug anziehen.

8. What are the modal verbs in German and how are they used? Modal verbs helping verbs There are only 6! müssen, sollen, wollen, dürfen, können, mögen Möchte is not a separate verb, it is the conditional/subjunctive tense of mögen. When you use modal verbs, the 2 nd verb or action verb goes to the end of the sentence. –Ich will ins Kino gehen. The verb forms are irregular in the singular and regular in the plural

9. What are the differenece s in the forms and usages of the past tense? Past tense, Vergangenheit Perfekt Spoken –Two verbs Helping verb and past participle **Pluperfekt** when ordering events –Two verbs Helping verb in the imperfekt and P.P. Imperfekt written –One verb **Modal Perfekt ** when using modal verbs –Modal verb in the imperfekt form and action verb in the present tense As will all 2 nd verbs, you do not conjugate/change the 2 nd verb

10. What are the two ways to form the future tense in German? How do I express a future action that I will complete ? Future 2 verbs werden plus an infinitive –Ich werde ins Kino gehen. **werden** is a stem changing verb –Du wirstEr wird Or you can use a modal verb and a time expression. –Ich will am Sonntag ins Kino gehen. Future Perfekt **3 verbs** werden plus P.P and helping verb You don’t conjugate the helping verb. –Ich werde bis Montag meine Hausaufgeben gemacht haben.

11. Subjunctive or Conditional Can be formed with one or two verbs. würden plus and infinitive –Ich würde ins Kino gehen. Usually contains a reason why you can’t –Ich würde ins Kio gehen wenn ich Geld hätte! Can also be formed by umlauting the imperfekt form of the verb and adding the weak verb imperfekt endings. –Ich wäre Froh, wenn ich Pizza hätte.

12. Passive Used much more often in German than in English When the subject doesn’t matter, when the important part of the sentence is what is happening, use the passive. werden plus the P.P Die Tür wird geschlossen. The door is being closed. Die Pizza wird gegessen. The pizza is being eaten.

13. Past Passive When the subject doesn’t matter, when the important part of the sentence is what happened, use the past passive. wurden plus the P.P Die Tür wurde geschlossen. The door was being closed. Die Pizza wurde gegessen. The pizza was being eaten.