1. March 13, 2006Csaba OROSZ, Impacts, Vienna1 Successes and Failures in Transport Planning Case studies in Budapest and in Eastern Europe Csaba OROSZ (PhD) associate professor Budapest University of Technology and Economics Faculty of Civil Engineering Department of Highway and Railway Engineering H-1111, Budapest, XI. Műegyetem Quay. 3., HUNGARY Tel: +36 1 463-3805 Fax: +36 1 463-3799 E-mail: orosz@uvt.bme.hu, or corosz@chello.hu

2. March 13, 2006Csaba OROSZ, Impacts, Vienna2 Topics 1)Introduction – changes in Eastern- Europe. 2)Facts on Budapest. 3)Success stories. 4)Mixed experiences. 5)Failures, controversial side-effects. 6)Alternative solutions. 7)Conclusions.

3. March 13, 2006Csaba OROSZ, Impacts, Vienna3 1. Introduction 1)Increasing travel time. 2)Increasing car-ownership+car-use. 3)Increasing urban congestion. 4)Public transport – revenues, subsidies. 5)Decreasing level of service (the ratio of sitting and satisfied passengers). 6)Push and pull measures (parking) Many Eastern-European regions face well- known changes in travel patterns:

4. March 13, 2006Csaba OROSZ, Impacts, Vienna4 2. Some Facts on the Region of Budapest [ I ]

5. March 13, 2006Csaba OROSZ, Impacts, Vienna5 2. Some Facts on the Region of Budapest [ II ]

6. March 13, 2006Csaba OROSZ, Impacts, Vienna6 2. Some Facts on the Region of Budapest [ III ]

7. March 13, 2006Csaba OROSZ, Impacts, Vienna7 2. Some Facts on the Region of Budapest [ IV ]

8. March 13, 2006Csaba OROSZ, Impacts, Vienna8 2. Some Facts on the Region of Budapest [ V ] Concerning the Trend Line it is evident, that we need new capacity over the Danube in the near future

9. March 13, 2006Csaba OROSZ, Impacts, Vienna9 The present structure of the road network in the Central (Budapest) Region Missing section of Ring Motorway (M0) causes continuous traffic problems on the outer ringroad

10. March 13, 2006Csaba OROSZ, Impacts, Vienna10 The future (planned) structure of the Central (Budapest) Region

11. March 13, 2006Csaba OROSZ, Impacts, Vienna11 3. Success stories [ I ] No Description of measure Comments, results Lesson for Eastern Europe ABC 1.Parking Management Reduced inner city car-use. Effects short term parking mainly. Border effects. Should be introduced as soon as possible. 2.Bus and Tram Priority Physical barriers are effective. Small benefits for regional traffic. Wide use needed with effective enforcement. 3.Intercity rail services With “InterPici”-es, (with quick feeder trains) it is quite effective. Makes better modal split in the whole region. Regional and international connections needed.

12. March 13, 2006Csaba OROSZ, Impacts, Vienna12 3. Success stories [ II ] No Description of measure Comments, results Lesson for Eastern Europe ABC 4.Suburban rail services Decrease of patronage is slower [Siemens-Desiro trains to Piliscsaba- Esztergom]. Badly needed. Regularity, frequency, reliability, comfort! 5.Bus/coach services Some companies have proved to be very innovative and attractive. Mixed experiences in urban congestion. Severe parking problems for tourist buses! A well-loaded bus is environmentally much better than unloaded cars and/or empty trains. Some competition should be encouraged. 6.Good quality interchanges Neighbourhood of interchanges becomes a pleasant place to stay at. Such developments are needed internationally. Good locations to attract capital investments.

13. March 13, 2006Csaba OROSZ, Impacts, Vienna13 3. Success stories [ III ] No Description of measure Comments, results Lesson for Eastern Europe ABC 7.Building Metro line 4. 1.It is postponed for 15 years. 2.Endless discussions. Bad decision is better than no decision 8.New Siemens trams to line 4- 6. (Ring road of Budapest) ~ 14000 passangers per directions in peak hour. Almost a metro line. Low floor, good quality solutions needed for such a busy line. Passenger with ties may come back. 9.New Volvo busses. Bus N° 7 + upgreading metro line too New image. Brave priority measures. Space back to pedestrians. Brave measures in emergency. [East station Baross Circus]

14. March 13, 2006Csaba OROSZ, Impacts, Vienna14 4. Mixed experiences No Description of measure Comments, results Lesson for Eastern Europe ABC 10.The rehabilitation of some tram tracks Positive multiplication effects are observed. A lot of other projects are needed to catch up with the "pilots". In such a region, physical separation is needed. 11.Shopping centres Shopping centres artificially substitute traditional city and district centres. Careful land-use planning is needed. However most shopping centres may not win.

15. March 13, 2006Csaba OROSZ, Impacts, Vienna15 5. Failures, Controversial Side-Effects No Description of measure Comments, results Lesson for Eastern Europe ABC 12.Employment parking, +push and pull measures in parking. That is the major reason why urban road pricing is needed in a longer term. [Parking: free Saturday, tariff reductions, political discounts, etc.] This is a key problem for Eastern Europe. 13.Institutional co-operation The major reason against a real common transport system around Budapest. These problems will be eliminated, when political culture improves.

16. March 13, 2006Csaba OROSZ, Impacts, Vienna16 6. Alternative solutions in the case of Budapest [ I ] 1)The network remains basically free of charge No money, present situation remains - business as usual 2)Complete – perfect – road pricing based on external costs All bridges are tolled + Cordon pricing at ring-road At present politically impossible 3)Road pricing with compromises (rational alternative) Basically tolled new network elements (M0 ring motorway, Danube bridges, specific links) Transport financing can be solved = basis of sustainable transport development! 4)Scientifically managed congestion with some charged fast (bus?) lanes. Better level of service – better modal split

17. March 13, 2006Csaba OROSZ, Impacts, Vienna17 6. Alternative solutions in the case of Budapest [ II ] The present structure of the road network in the Central (Budapest) Region Possible well- financed future structure of the road network with tolled links and sections

18. March 13, 2006Csaba OROSZ, Impacts, Vienna18 Newly built infrastructure elements

19. March 13, 2006Csaba OROSZ, Impacts, Vienna19 Bushaltestelle mit ”negativ Insel” Bus stop ÖPNV Priorität Bus priority scheme with barrier

20. March 13, 2006Csaba OROSZ, Impacts, Vienna20 Bus stop with individual bus lane (Budapest, Hungária outer ring road – Thököly Avenue)

21. March 13, 2006Csaba OROSZ, Impacts, Vienna21 Nur Finanzministerium! Only for the Ministry Financial Affairs!

22. March 13, 2006Csaba OROSZ, Impacts, Vienna22 Nur für Wirtschaftsministerium! Only for the Ministry of Economic Affairs! Nur für Busse! Only for buses!

23. March 13, 2006Csaba OROSZ, Impacts, Vienna23 Parken an der TU Budapest um 8:30 Parking at BUTE at 8:30 a.m. Parken an der TU Budapest um 10 Uhr Parking at BUTE at 10 a.m.

24. March 13, 2006Csaba OROSZ, Impacts, Vienna24 New intermodal public transport station.

25. March 13, 2006Csaba OROSZ, Impacts, Vienna25 1)It is clear, that the appropriate use of physical planning, legal and economical instruments of Mobility Management a)has to improve the competitiveness of Public Transport and b)has to demonstrate the real time and money costs for the too frequent car users 2)Institutional issues are crucial. Co-operation is very limited (government, region, city, districts) 3)These are the major barriers against the establishment of common regional transport system and services. 7. Conclusions

26. March 13, 2006Csaba OROSZ, Impacts, Vienna26 Thank You for Your attention. Thanks for support of: Balázs ERCSÉNYI Msc Lajos KIBÉDI-VARGA Éva KOZÁK Balázs PÁSTI Judit URECZKY Csaba OROSZ (PhD) associate professor orosz@uvt.bme.hu, or corosz@chello.hu