1. Brief comments on the urban transport situation in Iran Jean-Charles Crochet Senior Transport Economist The World Bank April 2004

2. Urban transport is an essential activity in most countries of the world Urban sector accounts for at least 50% of GNP in many countries 15 to 25% of city budgets is for transport Between 5 to 10% of urban household income is spent on transport, (more than 25% for the poorest households in very large cities). Transport provides access for all to jobs, education and health services, and social networks

3. Basic Indicators Mobility Trip purpose Motorization Modal split Household expenditures on transport

4. Mobility Teheran 2001: About 1.6 motorized trips/person/day Mashhad, Esfahan, Shiraz 2001: About 1.4 – 1.8 motorized trips/person/day Benchmark (Latin America – Europe): About 1.8 – 2.2 motorized trips/person/day

5. Urban trips by purpose

6. Motorization and Income

7. Urban transport modal split

8. Urban transport, modal split – Tehran 1996 - 2001

9. Household expenditures on transport First to fifth decile: About 5% of household non food expenditures Sixth to eight decile: About 6-8% of household NFE Ninth decile: About 10% of household NFE Tenth decile: About 25% of household NFE

10. Traffic congestion indicators, Tehran 1996 and 2002

11. Need a broad set of complementary measures Traffic management Demand management measures Parking policies Development of public transport Improve conditions for pedestrians and NMT Infrastructure development Problem of taxis Institutional development Adequate provision of subsidies Increase the role of the private sector

12. Development of public transport Improve the efficiency of bus transport (need for large increase in length of dedicated lanes?) Role of Metro and LRT Any role for BRT?

13. Bus efficiency indicators, 2002

14. High capacity BRT Dedicated lanes, and supporting feeder lanes High capacity elevated bus stops Pre ticketing High chassis buses Bi-articulated and articulated buses (150-300 passengers) 500-700 m between stops Signal priority in intersections Information and control systems Organisation

15. Increase the role of the private sector Since the mid twentieth century, it is felt that public transport is for State companies Yet in many parts of the world public transport is provided by private companies Key is to find proper forms of private participation

16. Thank you!