1. © 2016 Cengage Learning. BIOPSYCHOLOGY This section covers: –The organization of the nervous system –The functions of the peripheral nervous system The Nervous System

2. © 2016 Cengage Learning. The Nervous System The Organization of the Nervous System

3. © 2016 Cengage Learning. The Nervous System The Spinal Cord

4. © 2016 Cengage Learning. The Nervous System The Spinal Nerves and Reflexes

5. © 2016 Cengage Learning. The Nervous System The Somatic Nervous System and the Cranial Nerves

6. © 2016 Cengage Learning. The Nervous System The Autonomic Nervous System and Homeostasis

7. © 2016 Cengage Learning. BIOPSYCHOLOGY  This section covers:  The structures and functions of neurons  How neurons communicate Neurons and Neurotransmission

8. © 2016 Cengage Learning. BIOPSYCHOLOGY Neurons process and transmit information –Two types of branches extend from the cell body: axons and dendrites The Structure and Function of Neurons

9. © 2016 Cengage Learning. BIOPSYCHOLOGY Glial Cells and the Blood-Brain Barrier

10. © 2016 Cengage Learning. BIOPSYCHOLOGY The myelin sheath insulates axons and speeds electrical transmission along axons Glia Form Myelin

11. © 2016 Cengage Learning. BIOPSYCHOLOGY Axons Transmit Information

12. © 2016 Cengage Learning. BIOPSYCHOLOGY Dendrites Receive Information

13. © 2016 Cengage Learning. BIOPSYCHOLOGY Electrical signaling: action potential Chemical signaling: neurotransmitters Neural Communication: A Two-Step Process

14. © 2016 Cengage Learning. BIOPSYCHOLOGY Generating an Action Potential

15. © 2016 Cengage Learning. BIOPSYCHOLOGY Electrical Signaling: Propagating an Action Potential

16. © 2016 Cengage Learning. BIOPSYCHOLOGY Chemical Signaling: Releasing Neurotransmitters

17. © 2016 Cengage Learning. BIOPSYCHOLOGY Communicating Through the Synapse

18. © 2016 Cengage Learning. BIOPSYCHOLOGY This section covers: –The structures and functions of the brain –Methods for studying the brain SECTION: The Brain

19. © 2016 Cengage Learning. BIOPSYCHOLOGY The Organization of the Central Nervous System

20. © 2016 Cengage Learning. BIOPSYCHOLOGY The Ventricles of the Brain

21. © 2016 Cengage Learning. BIOPSYCHOLOGY The Structures of the Brainstem

22. © 2016 Cengage Learning. BIOPSYCHOLOGY Subcortical Structures and Their Functions: Thalamus – Basal Ganglia – Amygdala

23. © 2016 Cengage Learning. BIOPSYCHOLOGY Subcortical Structures and Their Functions: Hypothalamus – Hippocampus

24. © 2016 Cengage Learning. BIOPSYCHOLOGY The Cerebral Hemispheres and the Corpus Callosum

25. © 2016 Cengage Learning. BIOPSYCHOLOGY Hemispheric Specialization

26. © 2016 Cengage Learning. BIOPSYCHOLOGY The Four Lobes of the Cerebral Cortex

27. © 2016 Cengage Learning. BIOPSYCHOLOGY Sensory and Motor Functions in the Cerebral Cortex

28. © 2016 Cengage Learning. BIOPSYCHOLOGY Studying the Brain TechnologyProcedureWhat Questions Can We Answer? electroencephalogram (EEG) electrodes (to track electrical activity) What is a person’s state of arousal? positron emission tomography (PET) radioactively tagged glucose or oxygen (to track chemical activity) What parts of the brain are active during a particular task? functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) magnets (to track the flow of oxygen) What parts of the brain are active during a particular task?

29. © 2016 Cengage Learning. BIOPSYCHOLOGYThe Structures and Functions of the Brain Can you identify any of these brain regions? Brain Imaging MRI PET

30. © 2016 Cengage Learning. BIOPSYCHOLOGY The Endocrine System This section covers: –The endocrine glands –The functions of hormones

31. © 2016 Cengage Learning. The Endocrine System The Endocrine Glands

32. © 2016 Cengage Learning. The Endocrine System The Pituitary Gland

33. © 2016 Cengage Learning. The Endocrine System Endorphins and Other Important Hormones HormoneFunction EndorphinsEndogenous morphines that modify our natural response to pain; act as neuromodulators MelatoninReleased by the pineal gland in response to daily cycles of light and dark EpinephrineAdrenal hormone that tends to arouse the body; associated with fear NorepinephrineNeurotransmitter and adrenal hormone that tends to arouse the body; associated with anger Thyroid hormonesHelp regulate metabolism rate