1. Virtual Reality David Johnson

2. What is Virtual Reality?

3. ► Replace sensory input from real world with computer generated sensations  Sight  Hearing  Touch  Smell  Taste ► Create a sense of immersion in that computer-generated world  presence 1956 – Heilig

4. VR as a Paradigm ► VR is a paradigm for thinking about human- computer interfaces  How does it compare with a mouse and menus? ► With ubiquitous computing? ► With augmented reality ► VR is a driving application  Difficult goals are good in research

5. VR and Sight Head-mounted displayPowerwall CAVE (HMD) CAVE movie CAVE movie CAVE movie Ivan Sutherland developed the modern HMD at Utah (1969) Movie

6. VR and Touch ► Two aspects  Know where the user’s body is ► Tracking  Apply contact sensations to user ► Haptics ► Tactile interfaces

7. Position Tracking ► Use sensors to track hand, head, body  Position  Orientation ► Sensors are  Magnetic  Inertial  Ultrasound  Optical

8. Head Tracking ► Very important for  HMD  CAVE  Fishtank VR ► Can be done with a Wiimote Wiimote ► VR class project to use laptop camera

9. Hand Tracking ► Allow natural interaction with virtual world  Grab  Gestures

10. Body Tracking ► More often used in motion capture systems  Film  TV  Games ► Moven movie

11. Exploring Large Virtual Spaces? ► Tracked spaces are expensive ► Redirected walking  Movie Movie ► Treadmills  bicycles Movie

12. Haptics ► Haptics = touch ► Virtual objects apply real forces

13. Example

14. Example

15. Sound in VR ► Very important for immersion ► Study of PTSD veterans using VR therapy found sound critical for creating sense of presence ► Use headphones ► Render sound ► Example Example

16. Olfactory Displays ► DIVEpak  Computer controlled scratch and sniff ► Smell-o-Vision (K Opticom)  6 gels, USB controlled ► Fire Trainer  Odors range from burning wood, grease and rubber to sulfur, oil and diesel exhaust.

17. Smell Cannon ► Track target with camera ► Aim below eyes ► Prerecorded smells

18. Gustatory Displays ► Simulate the experience of eating ► Iwata food simulator ► Capture forces of eating ► Playback ► Combine flavors  five basic taste sensations: sweet, sour, bitter, salty and umami

19. Who is using VR? ► Military ► Government ► Big business ► Common theme?

20. Military ► Training ► Telepresence

21. Scientific visualization ► Virtual Wind Tunnel  NASA

22. Stress Therapy ► VR therapy movie VR therapy movie VR therapy movie

23. Business infrastructure ► telecollaboration

24. Medical ► Medical training  Surgical playback ► Medical planning and rehearsal ► Surgical assistance  ultrasound  Biopsy

25. Car companies ► Evaluation  Style  Ergonomics  Manufacturability ► Training

26. Summary ► Summary clip from OSU Summary clip Summary clip