1. I. Genocide in Rwanda

2. 1994: Hutus (86%) committed a genocide against the Tutsis (14%) Genocide:  deliberate, systematic killing of a group of people b/c of their race, religion, or ethnicity

3. Background Info: Rwanda: colonized by Belgium Belgians favored Tutsis over Hutus  Tutsis = European appearance ( The Master Race ) Educated, replaced Hutu chiefs, carried out colonial policies against Hutus 1933: Identity card system instituted Post WWII: better educated Tutsis fight for independence (Belgium switched support to the Hutu)

4. Tutsis fled to neighboring countries 1973: Hutu elected Pres.  Juvenal Habyarimana Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF): Tutsi guerilla organization aimed to overthrow Hutu Pres.

5. 1990: RPF invaded northeast Rwanda 1993: peace treaty signed betw. Hutu Pres & RPF  Granted the RPF political power/military presence in capital (Kigali) BUT, Hutu extremists did not accept this peace plan  Tutsis & moderate Hutus were targets of 1994 genocide “HUTU POWER!”

6. The Genocide Begins… April 6, 1994: Pres’s. plane was shot down by…  Hutu extremists Hutu extremists Interahamwe militia (those who attack together)  Hutus who carried out genocide against Tutsis Prime Minister Agathe Uwilingiyimana & Belgian soldiers were killed  U.N. w/draws troops

7. w/in 2 weeks, about 250,000 Tutsis & moderate Hutus were slaughtered  …the dead of Rwanda accumulated at nearly three times the rate of Jewish dead during the Holocaust.

8. World turned a blind eye July 1994: genocide ended after 3 ½ months w/RPF taking capital, Kigali

9. April 2000: RPF leader Paul Kagame (Tutsi) was elected Pres. (formed a unity govt.)  Has promoted stability & reconciliation  Has outlawed ethnicity No more identity cards

10. How many died? 800,000 killed (men, women, & children)  about 1/7th of total pop. (94% were Tutsi) NEVER AGAIN!  Western pledge to never allow another genocide to occur since the Holocaust