1. Manure Management in Precision Farming Yan Tang Plant and Soil Sciences

2. Manure as soil resource l Nutrient values l Soil amendment l Crop quality l Reduce commercial fertilizer

3. Nutrient values l Elements: Primary Nutrients: N, P, K Secondary Nutrients: Ca, Mg, S Micronutrients: Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn, B, Mo, Cl l Availability

4. Soil amendment l Chemical Properties l Physical Properties l Biological Porperites

5. Crop Quality

6. Reduce commercial fertilizer

7. Problems l Difficult in application l Environmental Issues

8. Difficult in application l Bulky l Transportation cost l Odor

9. Environmental issues l Nitrogen pollution l Phosphorus pollution l Other pollutants

10. Manure precision management approach l Research trends l Best management practices

11. Research Trends l Crop nutrients conservation l Environment conservation

12. Best management practice (site-specific) l Manure factors l Plant and soil factors l Other factors

13. Manure factors 1. Manure sampling and analysis 2. Nitrogen or phosphorus application strategies 3. Spatial variability 4. Manure amendments 5. Manure transportation 6. Manure processing

14. Soil and plant factors l Soil properties l Plant requirements

15. Other factors l Climate l Topography l Application methods l Economy

16. Technologies in precision manure management l Database l GIS l GPS l VRT technologies

17. Site-specific Liquid Manure Application l Measurement l Control l Documentation

18. Determing Application Rate l Load Cell Methods l Flow Meter Methods

19. Load cell methods l Typically consist of load cells mounted under the manure “container” on an applicatior. Laod cells can provide static and continouse stream of weight data during applicatio discharge. l Measured wighty differences dring unloasing can be used to determine applicator discharge rate. l Work with both solid material application equipment. l Static accuracy ratings : 99.5 % l Error: Ground surface roughness and movement of liquid manure (2-8 percent)

20. A manure applicator equipped with load cells D. Ess

21. Flow sensing systems l Tyopically use electromagnetic flow meters. l Expensive l Handleliquids with a wide range and type of solids content l Measuing less than 0.5 percent l Not influenced by travel l Fange-mounted into transfer tubes on tanker applicators that sue slurry pumps

22. Electromagnetic flow meter installed on a manure applicator D. Ess

23. Conclusion l Manure management is important in precision farming l Manure management in precision is a relative concept l Manure management in precision farming become feasible as technologies develops such as GIS and GPS and other VRT technologies

24. References: http://mollisol.agry.purdue.edu/SSMChttp://mollisol.agry.purdue.edu/SSMChttp://mollisol.agry.purdue.edu/SSMC http://clay.agr.okstate.edu/animalwastehttp://clay.agr.okstate.edu/animalwastehttp://clay.agr.okstate.edu/animalwaste Animal waste utilization: Effective use of Manure as a Soil Resouce, Edited by Hatfiedld J.L &B.A.Stewart, Ann Arbor Press,1998Animal waste utilization: Effective use of Manure as a Soil Resouce, Edited by Hatfiedld J.L &B.A.Stewart, Ann Arbor Press,1998 http://res2.agr.ca/initiatives/manurenet/manurenet_en.htmlhttp://res2.agr.ca/initiatives/manurenet/manurenet_en.htmlhttp://res2.agr.ca/initiatives/manurenet/manurenet_en.html

25. Question? ?